{"id":27899,"date":"2017-04-07T12:08:41","date_gmt":"2017-04-07T10:08:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=27899"},"modified":"2017-04-07T12:08:41","modified_gmt":"2017-04-07T10:08:41","slug":"ministryne-valachova-rainmanuv-mezinarodni-den","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=27899","title":{"rendered":"Ministryn\u011b Valachov\u00e1: Rainman\u016fv mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Statisticky vzato jsou poruchy autistick\u00e9ho spektra z\u0159ejm\u011b diagn\u00f3zou \u010di zdravotn\u00ed komplikac\u00ed s nejrychlej\u0161\u00edm r\u016fstem v\u00fdskytu. Zn\u00ed to neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b, ale autismus se vyskytuje asi \u0161edes\u00e1tkr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bji ne\u017e p\u0159ed 40 lety.<\/strong> <!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Dobr\u00e1 \u2013 n\u011bkdo by mohl vcelku spr\u00e1vn\u011b nam\u00edtat, \u017ee v polovin\u011b sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let, kdy mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed studie zaznamenaly jeden p\u0159\u00edpad na 5000 d\u011bt\u00ed, bylo pov\u011bdom\u00ed o autismu, Aspergerov\u011b syndromu a poruch\u00e1ch autistick\u00e9ho spektra (PAS) tak mal\u00e9, \u017ee n\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdskyt nelze pova\u017eovat za nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e neschopnost detekce. Kritik by m\u011bl i dobr\u00fd argument, v\u017edy\u0165 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b podobn\u00e9ho pohledu na AIDS a HIV by r\u016fst nemoci musel dosahovat milion\u016f procent. To ale nevysv\u011btluje, \u017ee v roce 2007 stejn\u00e1 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed studie hovo\u0159\u00ed o jednom ze 150 d\u011bt\u00ed a pro sou\u010dasnost dokonce odborn\u00edci odhaduj\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkterou z forem poruchy autistick\u00e9ho spektra trp\u00ed jedno z 86 d\u011bt\u00ed. To ji\u017e asi nelze p\u0159i\u010d\u00edst pouze diagnostick\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoji.<\/p>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00e9ho druh\u00e9ho dubna si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me (asi se nehod\u00ed \u0159\u00edci &#8222;slav\u00edme&#8220;) Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den autismu. Co\u017e je ur\u010dit\u011b vhodn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed, \u017ee v posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch se v souvislosti s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi reformami ve \u0161kolstv\u00ed objevila \u0159ada medi\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00fdpad\u016f proti lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed (mimo jin\u00e9) n\u011bkterou z mnoha forem autismu.<\/p>\n<p>Mo\u017en\u00e1 je trochu pot\u00ed\u017e v tom, \u017ee drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina ve\u0159ejnosti si autistu p\u0159edstavuje jako Rain Mana ze stejnojmenn\u00e9ho americk\u00e9ho filmu s Dustinem Hoffmanem. A na z\u00e1klad\u011b obvykl\u00fdch m\u00fdt\u016f tato v\u011bt\u0161ina p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161ichni autist\u00e9 jsou vlastn\u011b stejn\u00ed \u2013 tro\u0161ku geni\u00e1ln\u00ed, ale jinak nevzd\u011blateln\u00ed, nepou\u017eiteln\u00ed a vhodn\u00ed k um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed do \u00fastavu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e je pot\u0159eba d\u00e1vat pozor, proto\u017ee tu a tam propadaj\u00ed neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdm z\u00e1chvat\u016fm zu\u0159ivosti.<\/p>\n<p>Je to obrovsk\u00e1 nepravda. I proto letos prob\u00edh\u00e1 kampa\u0148 &#8222;\u010cesko sv\u00edt\u00ed mod\u0159e&#8220;, kter\u00e1 douf\u00e1 ve zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed spole\u010dnosti o autismu. Je to opravdu pot\u0159eba, proto\u017ee nic proti Rain Manovi, naopak. Skv\u011bl\u00fd film. Ale je to jeden p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh z milion\u016f. I kdy\u017e je zalo\u017een\u00fd na skute\u010dn\u00e9 postav\u011b geni\u00e1ln\u00edho Kima Peeka, autisty, kter\u00fd se sice nedok\u00e1zal s\u00e1m obl\u00e9knout, ale prokazoval naprosto neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 znalosti v \u0159ad\u011b obor\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Celou oblast poruchy autistick\u00e9ho spektra by bylo hlavn\u011b pot\u0159eba odmytizovat a tak\u00e9 destigmatizovat. Mimochodem \u2013 seznam vskutku geni\u00e1ln\u00edch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed projevovali men\u0161\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161 hodn\u011b velk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky Aspergerova syndromu, tedy leh\u010d\u00ed formy autismu, zahrnuje mimo jin\u00e9 jm\u00e9na jako Albert Einstein, Isaac Newton, Nikola Tesla, Andy Warhol, Thomas Jefferson \u010di Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. V\u0161ichni z nich museli vynalo\u017eit mnoho energie na to, aby se vyrovnali se zna\u010dn\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 jim jejich &#8222;posti\u017een\u00ed&#8220; p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161elo.<\/p>\n<p>M\u011bli ale \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, jejich talent se mohl projevit, nebyli semleti syst\u00e9mem. Jen\u017ee kolik jin\u00fdch g\u00e9ni\u016f zapadlo, proto\u017ee jejich talent nebyl tak viditeln\u00fd, tak\u017ee pot\u0159eboval pomoci na sv\u011bt? Nebo m\u011bli prost\u011b jenom sm\u016flu na lidi okolo.<\/p>\n<p>Ostatn\u011b i rodi\u010de Kima Peeka vyzval jejich l\u00e9ka\u0159 k tomu, aby ho co nejd\u0159\u00edve &#8222;dali do \u00fastavu&#8220; a zkusili zapomenout. O tom, \u017ee by chodil do norm\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161koly ani nemluv\u011b. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed paradox \u2013 filmov\u00fd Rain Man \u017eije v \u00fastavu a vr\u00e1t\u00ed se do \u00fastavu. Skute\u010dn\u00fd Kim Peek ani dal\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed jako p\u0159edloha pro Rain Mana v \u00fastavu ne\u017eili. Film, kter\u00fd up\u0159el pozornost sv\u011bta k problematice poruch autistick\u00e9ho spektra, z\u00e1rove\u0148 pomohl upevnit jeden z velk\u00fdch m\u00fdt\u016f, toti\u017e ten o naprost\u00e9 neschopnosti autist\u016f fungovat alespo\u0148 r\u00e1mcov\u011b v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Ve skute\u010dnosti je to pochopiteln\u011b jin\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina autist\u016f je schopna s ur\u010dit\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my \u017e\u00edt v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b a jsou p\u0159ipraveni zvl\u00e1dnout i obvykl\u00e9 probl\u00e9my a komplikace. Nap\u0159\u00edklad jsou intelektu\u00e1ln\u011b i jinak p\u0159ipraveni z\u00edskat vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0161kole a to zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b, pokud je pos\u00edlen pedagogick\u00fd dozor. S Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm dnem autismu a b\u011bhem kampan\u011b &#8222;\u010cesko sv\u00edt\u00ed mod\u0159e&#8220; bychom si proto m\u011bli p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vzpomenout na mno\u017estv\u00ed lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed kv\u016fli sv\u00e9mu posti\u017een\u00ed pro\u017eili skute\u010dn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd \u017eivot. A na obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed talent\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly zma\u0159eny.<\/p>\n<p>A m\u011bli bychom dr\u017eet palce a tak\u00e9 se aktivn\u011b pokou\u0161et o to, abychom t\u011bmto lidem vytvo\u0159ili maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed prostor pro jejich realizaci. K \u010demu\u017e p\u0159ipoj\u00edm osobn\u00ed pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed a projev nekone\u010dn\u00e9 \u00facty v\u0161em rodi\u010d\u016fm, u\u010ditel\u016fm, odborn\u00edk\u016fm i nad\u0161enc\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed autist\u016fm a zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b autistick\u00fdm d\u011btem pom\u00e1haj\u00ed zvl\u00e1dat v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 jsou pro ostatn\u00ed \u010dasto velmi snadn\u00e9, a rozv\u00edjet schopnosti, kter\u00e9 jsou ostatn\u00edm v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech nedosa\u017eiteln\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Parlamentn\u00ed Listy<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Statisticky vzato jsou poruchy autistick\u00e9ho spektra z\u0159ejm\u011b diagn\u00f3zou \u010di zdravotn\u00ed komplikac\u00ed s nejrychlej\u0161\u00edm r\u016fstem v\u00fdskytu. Zn\u00ed to neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b, ale autismus se vyskytuje asi \u0161edes\u00e1tkr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bji <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=27899\" title=\"Ministryn\u011b Valachov\u00e1: Rainman\u016fv mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24559,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27899","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27899","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27899"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27899\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/24559"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27899"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27899"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27899"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}