{"id":28007,"date":"2017-04-20T22:17:19","date_gmt":"2017-04-20T20:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=28007"},"modified":"2017-04-20T22:17:19","modified_gmt":"2017-04-20T20:17:19","slug":"poletavy-prach-vede-k-umrti-milionu-lidi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=28007","title":{"rendered":"Pol\u00e9tav\u00fd prach vede k \u00famrt\u00ed milion\u016f lid\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Ve 14. stolet\u00ed pom\u00e1hala nucen\u00e1 izolace zbo\u017e\u00ed a osob p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edjezdu do p\u0159\u00edstavu &#8211; zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako karant\u00e9na &#8211; omezit \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed moru v Evrop\u011b. Dnes je v\u0161echno jinak. Globalizace zp\u016fsobila, \u017ee tato opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1. Jemn\u00e9 prachov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice p\u0159ekon\u00e1vaj\u00ed hory a oce\u00e1ny a vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ed\u010dasnou smrt milion\u016f lid\u00ed i v oblastech, kter\u00e9 jsou velmi vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 zdroj\u016fm zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed to studie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 v \u010dasopise Nature.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Na studii se pod\u00edlelo 14 v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch \u00fastav\u016f ze Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, \u010c\u00edny a Evropy. V\u011bdci zkoumali \u010dastost v\u00fdskytu kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edch chorob, infarkt\u016f, plicn\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch chronick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f ve 228 zem\u00edch a srovn\u00e1vali to s koncentrac\u00ed a modely \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed pol\u00e9tav\u00e9ho prachu (PM2.5).<\/p>\n<p>Auto\u0159i studie odhaduj\u00ed, \u017ee z 3,45 milionu p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch \u00famrt\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch v roce 2007 pol\u00e9tav\u00fdm prachem, bylo 12 procent vyvol\u00e1no emisemi produkovan\u00fdmi v jin\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti sv\u011bta a 22 procent souviselo s produkc\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed a slu\u017eeb spot\u0159ebov\u00e1van\u00fdch na jin\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b. Tento jev je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b viditeln\u00fd v oblastech v bl\u00edzkosti velk\u00fdch center produkce.<\/p>\n<p>V \u010dele seznamu zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ovatel\u016f je \u010c\u00edna, jej\u00ed\u017e emise vyvolaly v\u00edce ne\u017e dvojn\u00e1sobek \u00famrt\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch emisemi v kter\u00e9koli jin\u00e9 zemi. Asijsk\u00fd hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd obr je na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b v po\u010dtu ob\u011bt\u00ed produkce spot\u0159ebn\u00edho zbo\u017e\u00ed ur\u010den\u00e9ho pro z\u00e1padn\u00ed trhy: v roce 2007 to bylo v\u00edce ne\u017e 108.000 p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch \u00famrt\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bdci zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f je pro kone\u010dn\u00e9ho spot\u0159ebitele dvojse\u010dn\u00e9: na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b se sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed po\u010det ob\u011bt\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, na stran\u011b druh\u00e9 se ale v\u00fdroba p\u0159esouv\u00e1 do rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00ed, kde jsou z\u00e1kony t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Na\u0161e studie ukazuje, \u017ee p\u0159enos jemn\u00e9ho prachu na velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti m\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 dopady na zdrav\u00ed v cel\u00fdch regionech,&#8220; vysv\u011btluje profesor V\u00fdchodoanglick\u00e9 univerzity Dabo Guan. &#8222;Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed obchod globalizuje \u00famrtnost spojenou a atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdm zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm, kdy se zbo\u017e\u00ed vyr\u00e1b\u00ed a spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 v r\u016fzn\u00fdch regionech,&#8220; citoval jej italsk\u00fd den\u00edk La Repubblica.<\/p>\n<p>Podle v\u011bdc\u016f by bylo efektivn\u00ed nastolit takovou region\u00e1ln\u00ed politiku, kdy by se regulovala kvalita vzduchu a zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed emise byly zdan\u011bny. C\u00edlem je zabr\u00e1nit p\u0159esunu firem do zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 z\u00e1kony t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, a zlep\u0161it tak kvalitu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Zlep\u0161en\u00ed technologi\u00ed kontroly zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010c\u00edn\u011b a v Indii by m\u011blo obrovsk\u00fd u\u017eitek pro zdrav\u00ed obyvatel cel\u00e9 planety. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce p\u0159i podpo\u0159e sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed a zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm obchodem by m\u011bla m\u00edt sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto v agend\u011b Spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f, zd\u016fraznili v\u011bdci.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Ve 14. stolet\u00ed pom\u00e1hala nucen\u00e1 izolace zbo\u017e\u00ed a osob p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edjezdu do p\u0159\u00edstavu &#8211; zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako karant\u00e9na &#8211; omezit \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed moru v Evrop\u011b. Dnes je <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=28007\" title=\"Pol\u00e9tav\u00fd prach vede k \u00famrt\u00ed milion\u016f lid\u00ed\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28007","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28007","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=28007"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28007\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=28007"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=28007"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=28007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}