{"id":28670,"date":"2017-07-12T07:46:11","date_gmt":"2017-07-12T05:46:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=28670"},"modified":"2017-07-12T07:49:08","modified_gmt":"2017-07-12T05:49:08","slug":"proc-zeny-pocituji-vice-bolest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=28670","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d \u017eeny poci\u0165uj\u00ed v\u00edce bolest"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Je \u00fad\u011blem \u017een poci\u0165ovat v\u00edce bolest ne\u017e mu\u017ei? Nasv\u011bd\u010duj\u00ed tomu \u010detn\u00e9 \u00fadaje: prakticky v\u0161echny hlavn\u00ed podm\u00ednky odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za chronickou bolest jsou \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed u \u017een ne\u017e u mu\u017e\u016f. V\u011bdci studovali mechanismy p\u0159enosu pocit\u016f a dosp\u011bli k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee tento rozd\u00edl lze vysv\u011btlit evoluc\u00ed: mu\u017e nesm\u011bl c\u00edtit bolest, aby mohl pokra\u010dovat v boji, zat\u00edmco \u017eena ji c\u00edtila, aby pochopila, \u017ee je ohro\u017eena, p\u00ed\u0161e italsk\u00fd den\u00edk Corriere della Sera.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad fibromyalgie (stav charakterizovan\u00fd bolestmi sval\u016f, \u0161lach a kloub\u016f cel\u00e9ho t\u011bla, zejm\u00e9na v\u0161ak pod\u00e9l p\u00e1te\u0159e) je u \u017een \u0161estkr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u mu\u017e\u016f, bolest hlavy postihuje \u017eeny \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edce ne\u017e mu\u017ee, hemikranie (bolest jedn\u00e9 poloviny hlavy) je u \u017een t\u0159ikr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. A k tomu je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipo\u010d\u00edtat bolesti specifick\u00e9 pro \u017eeny, jako jsou menstrua\u010dn\u00ed bolesti a gynekologick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed endometri\u00f3za.<\/p>\n<p>\u017dena tedy v\u00edce poci\u0165uje bolest: Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee m\u00e1 jin\u00fd pr\u00e1h bolesti ne\u017e mu\u017e? &#8222;Ano, je tomu tak a tyto rozd\u00edly byly identifikov\u00e1ny na biologick\u00e9 \u00farovni,&#8220; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Diego Fornasari z Mil\u00e1nsk\u00e9 univerzity. Jde o rozd\u00edly v mechanismech zapojen\u00fdch do regulace p\u0159enosu bolesti, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b na \u00farovni synapse, spojen\u00ed dvou neuron\u016f nebo smyslov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky a neuronu, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed impuls\u016f od perifern\u00edch nerv\u016f do t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 nesou impuls do centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Tato synapse je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, proto\u017ee bolestiv\u00fd stimul m\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1sadn\u011b modifikovat, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i chronick\u00e9 bolesti. Synapse se chovaj\u00ed jako semafory, kter\u00e9 nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed impulsy proch\u00e1zet. Z tis\u00edce impuls\u016f jich mohou nechat proj\u00edt dv\u011b stovky, nebo v\u0161ech tis\u00edc, a p\u0159i chronick\u00e9m stavu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tis\u00edc impuls\u016f poci\u0165ov\u00e1no jako deset tis\u00edc,&#8220; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 v\u011bdec.<\/p>\n<p>Tento kontroln\u00ed mechanismus je ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n informacemi, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed do t\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti mozku, kter\u00e1 je spojena s emotivn\u00edm \u017eivotem. &#8222;Kdy\u017e \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me, \u017ee bolest m\u00e1 rovn\u011b\u017e v\u00fdznamnou emotivn\u00ed slo\u017eku, m\u00e1me na mysli pr\u00e1v\u011b toto. Existuj\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e1 nervov\u00e1 spojen\u00ed mezi oblast\u00ed na\u0161eho emotivn\u00edho \u017eivota a bolest\u00ed,&#8220; vysv\u011btluje Fornasari.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b emotivn\u00edch aspekt\u016f byl prok\u00e1z\u00e1n hlubok\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi ob\u011bma pohlav\u00edmi v kontroln\u00edch mechanismech p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed bolesti v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho typu analgezie, stresov\u00e9ho sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed bolesti, kter\u00e9 vstupuje do hry, kdy\u017e se nal\u00e9z\u00e1me v nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch situac\u00edch a nesm\u00edme poci\u0165ovat bolest. Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem je voj\u00e1k v boji.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Ve stresov\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch nesm\u00edme moc c\u00edtit bolest a mus\u00edme hodn\u011b bojovat: zran\u011bn\u00fd voj\u00e1k si uv\u011bdom\u00ed, \u017ee byl ran\u011bn, teprve tehdy, kdy\u017e se vr\u00e1t\u00ed z pole,&#8220; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 expert. A jak je tomu u \u017eeny? Zde vstupuj\u00ed do hry faktory spojen\u00e9 se zachov\u00e1n\u00edm rodu. &#8222;Mu\u017e nesm\u00ed poci\u0165ovat bolest, proto\u017ee mus\u00ed bojovat, zat\u00edmco \u017eena mus\u00ed bolest c\u00edtit v\u00edce, aby si uv\u011bdomila, \u017ee je v nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. Uk\u00e1zalo se tak\u00e9, \u017ee syst\u00e9m ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed stresovou analgezii funguje u \u017eeny v obdob\u00ed plodnosti, av\u0161ak nefunguje v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee j\u00ed je pod\u00e1v\u00e1n estrogen. Tedy ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u017eena bolest v z\u00e1vislosti na menstrua\u010dn\u00edm cyklu,&#8220; uv\u00e1d\u00ed Fornasari.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed rozd\u00edly mezi ob\u011bma pohlav\u00edmi se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed reakce na l\u00e9ky, Ji\u017e sama skute\u010dnost, \u017ee jde o \u017eenu, je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za rizikov\u00fd faktor pokud jde o nesn\u00e1\u0161enlivost l\u00e9k\u016f. &#8222;Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u017eeny maj\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed enzym\u016f u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159i metabolismu n\u011bkter\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f, jako jsou antidepresiva. Studie a dlouhodob\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 molekuly jsou pro \u017eenu zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Jednou z nich je paracetamol, kter\u00fd lze u\u017e\u00edvat i v t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed nebo po menopauze. Krom\u011b toho je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee \u017eena v produktivn\u00edm v\u011bku m\u00e1 tendenci sni\u017eovat produkci endogenn\u00edch kanabinoid\u016f, l\u00e1tek p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edch jako p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed analgetikum, v ur\u010dit\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch ovula\u010dn\u00edho cyklu a t\u00edm se zvy\u0161uje jej\u00ed citlivost k bolesti. Paracetamol pozitivn\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed na endokanabinoidn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, a proto lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee tato molekula \u017een\u011b pom\u00e1h\u00e1 t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed prahu tolerance k pocitu bolesti,&#8220; uv\u00e1d\u00ed Fornasari.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Je \u00fad\u011blem \u017een poci\u0165ovat v\u00edce bolest ne\u017e mu\u017ei? Nasv\u011bd\u010duj\u00ed tomu \u010detn\u00e9 \u00fadaje: prakticky v\u0161echny hlavn\u00ed podm\u00ednky odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za chronickou bolest jsou \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed u \u017een ne\u017e <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=28670\" title=\"Pro\u010d \u017eeny poci\u0165uj\u00ed v\u00edce bolest\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14560,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28670","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28670","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=28670"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28670\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14560"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=28670"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=28670"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=28670"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}