{"id":29144,"date":"2017-09-23T09:44:50","date_gmt":"2017-09-23T07:44:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=29144"},"modified":"2017-09-23T09:45:04","modified_gmt":"2017-09-23T07:45:04","slug":"la-repubblica-marihuana-zvysuje-riziko-umrti-na-hypertenzi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=29144","title":{"rendered":"La Repubblica: Marihuana zvy\u0161uje riziko \u00famrt\u00ed na hypertenzi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Konop\u00ed zvy\u0161uje krevn\u00ed tlak, a to dosti v\u00fdrazn\u011b. Konzumace t\u00e9to l\u00e1tky tak a\u017e n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u011b zesiluje riziko \u00famrt\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 vysok\u00fdm krevn\u00edm tlakem, p\u00ed\u0161e italsk\u00fd den\u00edk La Repubblica.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>V\u011bdci z Georgijsk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed univerzity v Atlant\u011b ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech analyzovali studie Pr\u016fzkumu n\u00e1rodn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed a v\u00fd\u017eivy (NHANES), kter\u00fd vyhodnocuje zdravotn\u00ed stav a v\u00fd\u017eivu dosp\u011bl\u00fdch i d\u011bt\u00ed. Experti v\u011bnovali zejm\u00e9na pozornost anal\u00fdze t\u00e9to mo\u017en\u00e9 souvislosti u jedinc\u016f star\u0161\u00edch dvaceti let, kte\u0159\u00ed b\u00fdvaj\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji konzumenty konop\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdzkum uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee ten, kdo konzumuje marihuanu, se vystavuje t\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu nebezpe\u010d\u00ed \u00famrt\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9ho hypertenz\u00ed ne\u017e ten, kdo drogu neu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1. A jestli\u017ee konzument marihuany ve sv\u00e9m zlozvyku pokra\u010duje, riziko ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokem roste, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 autorka studie Barbara Yankeyov\u00e1. Marihuana z\u0159ejm\u011b m\u00e1 negativn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho dosahu i na kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee se v nemocnic\u00edch setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s infarktem v d\u016fsledku konzumace marihuany. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to drogy m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt je\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dopady na kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, ne\u017e je tomu u kou\u0159en\u00ed cigaret. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b po\u010det ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f v na\u0161\u00ed studii byl mal\u00fd a bude t\u0159eba dal\u0161\u00ed anal\u00fdzy na \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm vzorku,&#8220; uv\u00e1d\u00ed Yankeyov\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bdci porovn\u00e1vali \u00fadaje NHANES s t\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 se vztahovaly k p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u00e1m \u00famrt\u00ed v roce 2011, kter\u00e9 m\u011blo k dispozici N\u00e1rodn\u00ed st\u0159edisko pro zdravotn\u00ed statistiku, aby zjistili vztah mezi konzumac\u00ed kanabinoidn\u00ed l\u00e1tky a rizikem \u00famrt\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch srde\u010dn\u00edm selh\u00e1n\u00edm. V\u0161ech 1213 osob bylo rozd\u011bleno do n\u011bkolika skupin: 34 procent tvo\u0159ili neku\u0159\u00e1ci, 21 procent pouze konzumenti marihuany, \u010dty\u0159i procenta osob pouze kou\u0159ila cigarety, 20 procent tvo\u0159ili ku\u0159\u00e1ci cigaret u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed marihuanu, 16 procent konzumenti marihuany a b\u00fdval\u00ed ku\u0159\u00e1ci a p\u011bt procent jen b\u00fdval\u00ed ku\u0159\u00e1ci cigaret.<\/p>\n<p>Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee tato rostlina s \u010detn\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinky, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b analgetick\u00fdmi, kdy m\u00edrn\u00ed bolest vyvolanou n\u011bkter\u00fdmi nemocemi, nen\u00ed pro na\u0161e zdrav\u00ed tak prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1. Jednou z hlavn\u00edch aktivn\u00edch l\u00e1tek marihuany je THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), kter\u00fd p\u016fsob\u00ed tak, \u017ee aktivuje dva typy receptor\u016f p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdch v na\u0161ich bu\u0148k\u00e1ch: kanabinoidn\u00ed receptor CB1, kter\u00fd nach\u00e1z\u00edme v mozku, v srdci, v j\u00e1trech a v c\u00e9v\u00e1ch, a receptor typu CB2, kter\u00fd je p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fd zejm\u00e9na v bu\u0148k\u00e1ch imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Aktivace t\u011bchto receptor\u016f z\u0159ejm\u011b v prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vede k aterogenn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k ateroskler\u00f3ze, v druh\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u00e1 antiaterogenn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b t\u011bch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f, kter\u00e9 prok\u00e1zal v\u00fdzkum, je marihuana zn\u00e1m\u00e1 sv\u00fdm \u0161kodliv\u00fdm vlivem na kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. &#8222;Konzumace marihuany m\u00e1 bezpe\u010dn\u011b akutn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek na kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd s sebou p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed jak zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed arteri\u00e1ln\u00edho tlaku, tak i zrychlov\u00e1n\u00ed srde\u010dn\u00edho tepu (tachykardie) v d\u016fsledku aktivace sympatick\u00e9ho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu,&#8220; uv\u00e1d\u00ed \u0159editel kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed mil\u00e1nsk\u00e9 nemocnice Humanitas Gianluigi Condorelli.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Kdo ji\u017e trp\u00ed n\u011bjakou kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed chorobou, je vystaven vysok\u00e9mu riziku infarktu: je toti\u017e prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee do hodiny po konzumaci psychoaktivn\u00ed l\u00e1tky vzr\u016fst\u00e1 a\u017e \u010dty\u0159n\u00e1sobn\u011b riziko infarktu myokardu. Obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je ur\u010dit chronick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky konzumace marihuany ve st\u0159edn\u00ed a vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 budoucnosti. To proto, \u017ee jsou \u010dasto zast\u00edr\u00e1ny jin\u00fdmi okolnostmi, jako je nezdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl \u010di nadm\u011brn\u00e9 pit\u00ed alkoholu a u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 zt\u011b\u017euj\u00ed definici specifick\u00e9 \u00falohy kanabinoid\u016f (marihuany a ha\u0161i\u0161e) v souvislosti s jin\u00fdmi rizikov\u00fdmi faktory,&#8220; dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Condorelli.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Konop\u00ed zvy\u0161uje krevn\u00ed tlak, a to dosti v\u00fdrazn\u011b. Konzumace t\u00e9to l\u00e1tky tak a\u017e n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u011b zesiluje riziko \u00famrt\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 vysok\u00fdm krevn\u00edm tlakem, p\u00ed\u0161e italsk\u00fd den\u00edk La <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=29144\" title=\"La Repubblica: Marihuana zvy\u0161uje riziko \u00famrt\u00ed na hypertenzi\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15538,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29144","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29144","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29144"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29144\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29144"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29144"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29144"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}