{"id":29241,"date":"2017-10-06T18:35:02","date_gmt":"2017-10-06T16:35:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=29241"},"modified":"2017-10-06T18:35:02","modified_gmt":"2017-10-06T16:35:02","slug":"potize-se-sluchem-ma-kazdy-desaty-clovek-v-cesku-to-je-pul-milionu-lidi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=29241","title":{"rendered":"Pot\u00ed\u017ee se sluchem m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd des\u00e1t\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk, v \u010cesku to je p\u016fl mili\u00f3nu lid\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zamysleli jste se u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho dne nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch nad p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed o sv\u016fj sluch? C\u00edlem Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho dne nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 23. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, je upoutat pozornost na zt\u00ed\u017eenou situaci lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se nemohou spolehnout na jeden ze sv\u00fdch smysl\u016f \u2013 sluch.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bene\u0161ov \u2013 Tito lid\u00e9 mus\u00ed v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b denn\u011b p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat spoustu p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek a \u0159e\u0161it situace, kter\u00e9 jsou pro n\u00e1s „zdrav\u00e9“ lidi zcela ban\u00e1ln\u00ed, jako nap\u0159. p\u0159ivolat si telefonicky prvn\u00ed pomoc, p\u0159ej\u00edt p\u0159echod apod. Kdy\u017e se nad \u017eivotem nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch zamysl\u00edme, m\u011bli bychom si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee sluch je pro n\u00e1s velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd a m\u011bli bychom se o n\u011bj starat.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1\u0161 sluch m\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd v\u00fdznam nejen pro vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed zvuk\u016f a prostorovou orientaci, ale tak\u00e9 pro dorozum\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a kontakt s ostatn\u00edmi lidmi. Velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 sluch pracuje 24 hodin denn\u011b. Proto bychom na sv\u016fj sluch m\u011bli myslet, i kdy\u017e \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my nem\u00e1me, a chr\u00e1nit ho pom\u016fckami, kter\u00e9 jsou b\u011b\u017en\u011b dostupn\u00e9 v l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00e1ch a zdravotnick\u00fdch pot\u0159eb\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Vyh\u00fdbat bychom se m\u011bli p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hlu\u010dn\u00e9mu prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Obecn\u011b se doporu\u010duje pou\u017e\u00edvat ochrann\u00e9 pom\u016fcky v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy hlu\u010dnost p\u0159evy\u0161uje 85 dB, co\u017e pro p\u0159edstavu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9mu dopravn\u00edmu ruchu.<\/p>\n

Pot\u00ed\u017ee se sluchem m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd 10. \u010dlov\u011bk a celkov\u011b sluchov\u00e9 vady tr\u00e1p\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice asi p\u016fl mili\u00f3nu lid\u00ed. Nen\u00ed proto divu, \u017ee ORL a foniatrick\u00e9 ambulance nav\u0161t\u011bvuje \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u00edce lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed s t\u00edm, \u017ee trp\u00ed nedosl\u00fdchavost\u00ed. Mezi pacienty s nedosl\u00fdchavost\u00ed se objevuje \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u00edce mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed, u kter\u00fdch je jejich sluchov\u00fd probl\u00e9m zap\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u011bn poslechem velmi hlasit\u00e9 a „duniv\u00e9“ hudby.<\/p>\n

Zda se v\u00e1m zhor\u0161uje sluch, m\u016f\u017eete poznat podle n\u011bkolika p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, mezi kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di zvon\u011bn\u00ed v u\u0161\u00edch, zhor\u0161en\u00e9 rozum\u011bn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di, nutn\u00e9 \u010dast\u00e9 opakov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u010den\u00e9ho, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i bolestivost hlasit\u00fdch zvuk\u016f nebo poruchy rovnov\u00e1hy a pam\u011bti. Pokud u sebe pozorujete n\u011bkter\u00fd z popsan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, m\u011bli byste nav\u0161t\u00edvit specializovanou ORL ambulanci.<\/p>\n

„V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jak\u00fdchkoliv probl\u00e9m\u016f a pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se sluchem je t\u0159eba se co nejd\u0159\u00edve obr\u00e1tit na specialistu v oboru otorinolaryngologie. Diagn\u00f3za a p\u0159esn\u00e9 ur\u010den\u00ed t\u00ed\u017ee posti\u017een\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u00ed po mikrootoskopick\u00e9m vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed u\u0161\u00ed tzv. audiologick\u00fdmi testy. Jako z\u00e1klad pro hodnocen\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty sluchu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 prahov\u00fd t\u00f3nov\u00fd audiogram \u2013 v\u00fdsledek je ov\u0161em zna\u010dn\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00fd i na spolupr\u00e1ci pacienta“ vysv\u011btlil MUDr. Jaroslav Kraus, Ph. D., prim\u00e1\u0159 Odd\u011blen\u00ed ORL a chirurgie hlavy a krku Nemocnice Rudolfa a Stefanie Bene\u0161ov. Sluch samoz\u0159ejm\u011b neohro\u017euje jenom vysok\u00fd hluk, ale i dal\u0161\u00ed faktory, o kter\u00fdch se z\u00e1jemci mohli dozv\u011bd\u011bt v r\u00e1mci Dne prevence sluchu, kter\u00fd ORL odd\u011blen\u00ed bene\u0161ovsk\u00e9 nemocnice po\u0159\u00e1dalo 21. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed k p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho dne nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

„Ztr\u00e1ta sluchu je pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka obrovsk\u00fdm handicapem, WHO (Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace) ji \u0159ad\u00ed na druh\u00e9 m\u00edsto v \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku t\u00ed\u017ee posti\u017een\u00ed, hned za ment\u00e1ln\u00ed poruchy. Teprve na t\u0159et\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b je ztr\u00e1ta zraku. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se toti\u017e, \u017ee slepota odd\u011bluje \u010dlov\u011bka od sv\u011bta, ale hluchota od lid\u00ed. Expozice hluku ohro\u017euje n\u00e1\u0161 sluch, a\u0165 je to profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed v hlu\u010dn\u00fdch provozech nebo v civiln\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b \u2013 doprava, hlasit\u00e1 hudba, u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed sluch\u00e1tek a dal\u0161\u00ed. Je to jeden z rizikov\u00fdch faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eeme skute\u010dn\u011b c\u00edlen\u011b ovlivnit.<\/p>\n

Kondice sluchov\u00e9ho \u00fastroj\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u011b sl\u00e1bne s v\u011bkem, v\u00fdrazn\u011b se zde pod\u00edlej\u00ed i genetick\u00e9 faktory, zejm\u00e9na u n\u011bkter\u00fdch typ\u016f p\u0159evodn\u00ed nedosl\u00fdchavosti. Sluch v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt po\u0161kozen i \u00farazy jako jsou akustick\u00e1 traumata nebo barotraumata (v\u00fdbuch, t\u0159esk, v\u00fdst\u0159el) nebo tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 \u00farazy hlavy (ot\u0159es a pohmo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed mozku, protr\u017een\u00ed u\u0161n\u00edho bub\u00ednku). D\u00e1le jsou to recidivuj\u00edc\u00ed nebo chronick\u00e9 infekce st\u0159edou\u0161\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b l\u00e9\u010dit. Sluch m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt po\u0161kozen tak\u00e9 otravou toxick\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami, n\u011bkter\u00fdmi degenerativn\u00edmi zm\u011bnami centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u010di tak\u00e9 n\u00e1dory. Samostatnou kapitolou jsou potom vrozen\u00e9 sluchov\u00e9 vady, kter\u00e9 se n\u00e1m v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b da\u0159\u00ed \u010dasn\u011b diagnostikovat d\u00edky novorozeneck\u00e9mu screeningu,“ pokra\u010duje prim\u00e1\u0159 ORL MUDr. Kraus.<\/p>\n

Nedosl\u00fdchavost m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt akutn\u00ed, n\u00e1hle vznikl\u00e1, nebo tak\u00e9 pozvolna se rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 \u010dasto m\u016f\u017ee uniknout na\u0161\u00ed pozornosti a je potom zji\u0161t\u011bna a\u017e v pokro\u010dil\u00e9m stadiu.<\/p>\n

„Podle m\u00edsta po\u0161kozen\u00ed sluchov\u00e9ho org\u00e1nu lze d\u00e1le rozli\u0161ovat t\u0159i typy nedosl\u00fdchavosti. P\u0159evodn\u00ed nedosl\u00fdchavost, kter\u00e1 je zp\u016fsobena po\u0161kozen\u00edm kdekoli v pr\u016fb\u011bhu p\u0159evodu zvuku v oblasti zevn\u00edho ucha, zvukovodu, bub\u00ednku nebo k\u016fstek p\u0159evodn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu ve st\u0159edn\u00edm uchu. Percep\u010dn\u00ed nedosl\u00fdchavost p\u0159edstavuje poruchu vnit\u0159n\u00edho ucha (po\u0161kozen\u00ed Cortiho org\u00e1nu), nebo tak\u00e9 sluchov\u00e9ho nervu, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b mozkov\u00fdch sluchov\u00fdch drah a center. Kombinovan\u00e1 nedosl\u00fdchavost je kombinac\u00ed obou zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch typ\u016f. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159evodn\u00ed nedosl\u00fdchavosti m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt schopnost sly\u0161en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b nebo \u00fapln\u011b navr\u00e1cena pomoc\u00ed operace nebo sluchadla. Percep\u010dn\u00ed nedosl\u00fdchavost nelze a\u017e na v\u00fdjimky (kochle\u00e1rn\u00ed implantace) l\u00e9\u010dit opera\u010dn\u011b a pacient je odk\u00e1z\u00e1n na vhodn\u00e9 naslouchadlo, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje zes\u00edlen\u00ed zvuku, v t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech je potom nutn\u00fd n\u00e1cvik odez\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed“ dodal prim\u00e1\u0159 Kraus.<\/p>\n

Pokud se \u010dlov\u011bk stane zcela nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm, dorozum\u00edv\u00e1 se sv\u00fdm okol\u00edm pomoc\u00ed znakov\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di. S nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmi pacienty jsou schopni se domluvit i zdravotn\u00edci Nemocnice Rudolfa a Stefanie Bene\u0161ov a to d\u00edky speci\u00e1ln\u00edmu tabletu, kter\u00fd bene\u0161ovsk\u00e1 nemocnice z\u00edskala zapojen\u00edm do projektu ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho sdru\u017een\u00ed APPN (Agentura pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed) „Bezbari\u00e9rov\u00e9 nemocnice i pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed s vyu\u017eit\u00edm komunika\u010dn\u00edch technologi\u00ed“.<\/p>\n

Komunikace je zaji\u0161t\u011bna vyu\u017eit\u00edm online tlumo\u010dnick\u00e9 slu\u017eby ve znakov\u00e9m jazyce, kterou spole\u010dnost APPN poskytuje nonstop ji\u017e od roku 2008. Tlumo\u010den\u00ed je zalo\u017eeno na p\u0159enosu znakov\u00e9ho jazyka prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm webkamery a z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159enosu mluven\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di. Pomoc\u00ed tabletu se zdravotn\u00edci spoj\u00ed s tlumo\u010dn\u00edkem, kter\u00fd je n\u00e1sledn\u011b k dispozici pro komunikaci s nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm na obrazovce za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Tablet je um\u00edst\u011bn na ambulanci ORL, kter\u00e1 je ozna\u010dena samolepkou s n\u00e1zvem projektu a informac\u00ed o mo\u017enosti online tlumo\u010den\u00ed. Pro nezbytnou komunikaci s nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm jej v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby mohou vyu\u017e\u00edt v\u0161echna odd\u011blen\u00ed bene\u0161ovsk\u00e9 nemocnice.<\/p>\n

JANA HELM MUSILOV\u00c1
\nBene\u0161ovsk\u00fd den\u00edk
\nhttp:\/\/www.benesovsky.denik.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zamysleli jste se u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho dne nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch nad p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed o sv\u016fj sluch? C\u00edlem Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho dne nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 23. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, je upoutat pozornost […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23552,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29241","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29241"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29241\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/23552"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29241"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29241"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29241"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}