{"id":30042,"date":"2018-01-23T11:28:38","date_gmt":"2018-01-23T10:28:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30042"},"modified":"2018-01-23T11:28:38","modified_gmt":"2018-01-23T10:28:38","slug":"jak-se-u-maleho-ditete-zjisti-autismus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30042","title":{"rendered":"Jak se u mal\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte zjist\u00ed autismus?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>OT\u00c1ZKA : Jak se prov\u00e1d\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed poruch autistick\u00e9ho spektra p\u0159i preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddce mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed? <\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>ODPOV\u011a\u010e<\/strong>: <\/p>\n<p>Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed poruch autistick\u00e9ho spektra (PAS) se prov\u00e1d\u00ed v r\u00e1mci preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky v 18 m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch v\u011bku. V\u010dasn\u00e1 diagnostika je toti\u017e p\u0159i zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 poruchy osobnosti z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. P\u0159i vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed jde o zhodnocen\u00ed psychomotorick\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje d\u00edt\u011bte se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm z\u0159etelem na vyhled\u00e1n\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f typick\u00fdch pro poruchu autistick\u00e9ho spektra. Mezi dovednosti, kter\u00e9 jsou sledov\u00e1ny, pat\u0159\u00ed zejm\u00e9na oblast tzv. sd\u00edlen\u00e9 pozornosti (nap\u0159. nav\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edho kontaktu nebo ukazov\u00e1n\u00ed prstem na objekty, reakce na zavol\u00e1n\u00ed jm\u00e9nem, schopnost sledovat pohled druh\u00e9ho a d\u011blit sv\u016fj z\u00e1jem mezi sledovan\u00fd objekt a jinou osobu atd.). <\/p>\n<p>Prakti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i pro d\u011bti a dorost postupuj\u00ed podle Metodiky prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed a vykazov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu PAS a pro vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jednotn\u00fd dotazn\u00edk, jeho\u017e sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jsou i p\u0159esn\u00e9 pokyny k vypln\u011bn\u00ed a vyhodnocen\u00ed. P\u0159eklad tohoto dotazn\u00edku z angli\u010dtiny p\u0159ed \u010dasem podpo\u0159ila VZP v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9ho pilotn\u00edho projektu Vliv intenzivn\u00ed rehabilitace na v\u00fdvoj d\u00edt\u011bte s autismem. <\/p>\n<p>L\u00e9ka\u0159 m\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed vypl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm dotazn\u00edku informovat rodi\u010de o jeho \u00fa\u010delu a v\u011bc jim vysv\u011btlit. Dotazn\u00edk obsahuje 20 ot\u00e1zek, na kter\u00e9 rodi\u010de odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed ANO\/NE. Ot\u00e1zky nejsou slo\u017eit\u00e9, nap\u0159. \u201ePokud uk\u00e1\u017eete na n\u011bco na opa\u010dn\u00e9 stran\u011b m\u00edstnosti, pod\u00edv\u00e1 se na to va\u0161e d\u00edt\u011b?\u201c Je ale t\u0159eba odpov\u00eddat podle toho, jak se d\u00edt\u011b obvykle chov\u00e1 (pokud se dan\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed objevilo ojedin\u011ble, plat\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f NE). Proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby na tuto preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddku s d\u00edt\u011btem p\u0159i\u0161el ten, kdo ho opravdu dob\u0159e zn\u00e1. <\/p>\n<p>Vyhodnocen\u00ed dotazn\u00edku n\u00e1sledn\u011b trv\u00e1 1-2 minuty, tak\u017ee v\u00fdsledek je zn\u00e1m\u00fd hned p\u0159i prohl\u00eddce. Dotazn\u00edk je sestaven tak, aby m\u011bl co nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed citlivost, tedy aby bylo odhaleno co nejv\u00edce p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f poruch autistick\u00e9ho spektra. Proto m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 vysokou m\u00edru \u201efale\u0161n\u011b pozitivn\u00edch\u201c v\u00fdsledk\u016f \u2013 ne u v\u0161ech d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v n\u011bm dos\u00e1hnou vysok\u00e9ho po\u010dtu bod\u016f, bude pak diagnostikov\u00e1na porucha autistick\u00e9ho spektra. P\u0159i celkov\u00e9m hodnocen\u00ed a stanoven\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho postupu l\u00e9ka\u0159 nav\u00edc vych\u00e1z\u00ed i ze sv\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte v ordinaci. O vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed provede z\u00e1pis ve zdravotn\u00ed dokumentaci a vypln\u011bn\u00fd dotazn\u00edk do n\u00ed zalo\u017e\u00ed.  <\/p>\n<p>Jestli\u017ee d\u00edt\u011b podle dotazn\u00edku spl\u0148uje krit\u00e9ria pro podez\u0159en\u00ed na poruchu autistick\u00e9ho spektra, ode\u0161le ho l\u00e9ka\u0159 ihned k odborn\u00e9mu vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed d\u011btsk\u00fdm psychiatrem. Pro d\u00edt\u011b s PAS a jeho dal\u0161\u00ed pozitivn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u010dasn\u00e9 odesl\u00e1n\u00ed k odborn\u00e9 diagnostice a v\u010dasn\u00e9 zah\u00e1jen\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de odborn\u00edk\u016f i rodi\u010d\u016f (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1cvik soci\u00e1ln\u00edch dovednost\u00ed, upevn\u011bn\u00ed \u017e\u00e1douc\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed a dovednost\u00ed, logopedick\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de atd.). Pokud sk\u00f3re jen vypov\u00edd\u00e1 o ur\u010dit\u00fdch patologick\u00fdch rysech, prov\u00e1d\u00ed se s odstupem 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f dal\u0161\u00ed podobn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed. Ani pak nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u017edy diagnostikov\u00e1na PAS, ale d\u00edt\u011b by m\u011blo b\u00fdt d\u00e1le vy\u0161et\u0159eno, proto\u017ee u n\u011bj existuje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko jin\u00fdch v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch poruch \u010di opo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed. Naopak, pokud rodi\u010de d\u011bt\u00ed sami vyslov\u00ed podez\u0159en\u00ed na mo\u017enou poruchu autistick\u00e9ho spektra, m\u00e1 b\u00fdt d\u00edt\u011b odesl\u00e1no ke specializovan\u00e9mu vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed neprodlen\u011b. <\/p>\n<p>Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna samoz\u0159ejm\u011b hrad\u00ed (nen\u00ed zahrnuto do kapita\u010dn\u00ed platby). P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd v\u00fdkon se p\u0159i\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 k v\u00fdkonu preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky. <\/p>\n<p>Mgr. Old\u0159ich Tich\u00fd vedouc\u00ed tiskov\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed a tiskov\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>OT\u00c1ZKA : Jak se prov\u00e1d\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed poruch autistick\u00e9ho spektra p\u0159i preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddce mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed?<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14128,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30042","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30042","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30042"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30042\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30042"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30042"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30042"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}