{"id":30243,"date":"2018-03-06T23:21:29","date_gmt":"2018-03-06T22:21:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30243"},"modified":"2018-03-06T23:21:29","modified_gmt":"2018-03-06T22:21:29","slug":"budte-pripraveni-az-se-klistata-probudi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30243","title":{"rendered":"Bu\u010fte p\u0159ipraveni, a\u017e se kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata probud\u00ed!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>S p\u0159\u00edchodem prvn\u00edch jarn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f se za\u010dnou probouzet kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata a s nimi se objev\u00ed i riziko kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 encefalit\u00eddy a Lymsk\u00e9 boreli\u00f3zy. Kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 encefalit\u00edda se sice vyskytuje m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e Lymsk\u00e1 boreli\u00f3za, ale je zpravidla mnohem nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed \u010das na o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed je pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f.<\/strong><br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\n\u201eOproti jin\u00fdm evropsk\u00fdm zem\u00edm je v na\u0161\u00ed zemi prevelance encefalit\u00eddy velmi vysok\u00e1,\u201c konstatuje neurolog Polikliniky na N\u00e1rodn\u00ed v Praze MUDr. Martin Jan Str\u00e1nsk\u00fd, M.D. FACP, a dod\u00e1v\u00e1: \u201eVzhledem k tomu, \u017ee proti t\u00e9to nemoci neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba, je nejlep\u0161\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm prevence, a tou je podle v\u0161ech v\u011bdeck\u00fdch poznatk\u016f o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed doba pro n\u011bj je pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Prvn\u00ed f\u00e1ze nemoce se podob\u00e1 ch\u0159ipce, druh\u00e1 je v\u0161ak ji\u017e t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Nastupuj\u00ed prudk\u00e9 bolesti hlavy doprov\u00e1zen\u00e9 vysok\u00fdmi hore\u010dkami, nevolnost\u00ed, zvracen\u00edm, ztuhnut\u00edm \u0161\u00edje, nervovou obrnou, z\u00e1vrat\u011bmi, poruchami sp\u00e1nku a\u202fpam\u011bti a dezorientac\u00ed. \u201eP\u0159ed n\u00e1kazou o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u00ed a\u017e po pod\u00e1n\u00ed druh\u00e9 d\u00e1vky, kter\u00e1 je aplikov\u00e1na m\u011bs\u00edc a\u017e \u010dtvrt roku po d\u00e1vce prvn\u00ed,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Vlasta Plach\u00e1, praktick\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159ka Polikliniky na N\u00e1rodn\u00ed. \u201eDoporu\u010duji vakcinaci prov\u00e9st do konce b\u0159ezna, av\u0161ak o\u010dkovat se m\u016f\u017eete nechat i pozd\u011bji v tzv. zkr\u00e1cen\u00e9m sch\u00e9matu, kdy se druh\u00e1 d\u00e1vka aplikuje ji\u017e za dva t\u00fddny po prvn\u00ed. Po dokon\u010den\u00ed imunizace trv\u00e1 ochrana t\u0159i a\u017e p\u011bt let,\u201c konstatuje Vlasta Plach\u00e1 s t\u00edm, \u017ee o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed je vhodn\u00e9 pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9 i pro d\u011bti od jednoho roku v\u011bku.<br \/>\nKl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 encefalitida pat\u0159\u00ed mezi onemocn\u011bn\u00ed infikuj\u00edc\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b mozku a mozkov\u00e9 bl\u00e1ny, kterou mohou m\u00edt v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 trval\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad chronick\u00e9 bolesti, poruchy svalstva i pam\u011bti.<br \/>\nZat\u00edmco kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ovou encefalitidou je podle ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch informac\u00ed z lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku naka\u017eeno jedno procento kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u010dty\u0159icet procent z nich je infikov\u00e1no Lymskou boreli\u00f3zou \u201eU nemal\u00e9ho po\u010dtu lid\u00ed prob\u011bhne Lymesk\u00e1 boreli\u00f3za t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u011b. Pr\u016fvodn\u00edmi znaky je nap\u0159\u00edklad pouze men\u0161\u00ed \u00fanava \u010di p\u0159\u00edznaky podobn\u00e9 ch\u0159ipce,\u201c konstatuje neurolog Martin J. Str\u00e1nsk\u00fd. Pokud nen\u00ed boreli\u00f3za v\u010das a dob\u0159e l\u00e9\u010dena, m\u016f\u017ee se b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika t\u00fddn\u016f a\u017e m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f vyvinout do chronick\u00e9 formy. Ta m\u016f\u017ee zas\u00e1hnout srdce, klouby, ale tak\u00e9 nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m.<br \/>\n\u201eP\u0159i neuroboreli\u00f3ze m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt posti\u017een nejen pohybov\u00fd \u010di senzorick\u00fd apar\u00e1t, ale dokonce i mozek. Krom\u011b jasn\u00fdch poruch mozku se mohou objevit i v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 psychiatrick\u00e9 projevy, mezi nimi t\u0159eba deprese,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Martin Jan Str\u00e1nsk\u00fd. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 diagnostika boreli\u00f3zy je tedy d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, bohu\u017eel v\u0161ak v\u016fbec nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e1. Mimo jin\u00e9 i proto, \u017ee krevn\u00ed testy nejsou samy o sob\u011b rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed. \u201eProtil\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 informuj\u00ed o onemocn\u011bn\u00ed boreli\u00f3zou, se v t\u011ble mohou vyv\u00edjet t\u00fddny nebo klidn\u011b i t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce po kontaktu s kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011btem. Nav\u00edc v ur\u010dit\u00fdch regionech m\u00e1 a\u017e 25 procent populace pozitivn\u00ed protil\u00e1tky, proto\u017ee pro\u0161lo ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve onemocn\u011bn\u00edm boreli\u00f3zou a ani o tom nev\u011bd\u011blo. Proto mus\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 pozitivn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed b\u00fdt potvrzeno dal\u0161\u00edm, nap\u0159\u00edklad testem ELISA. Interpretace laboratorn\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f skute\u010dn\u011b vy\u017eaduje dobrou profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed znalost imunologie v\u010d. tzv k\u0159ivek, co\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f nem\u00e1,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159, kter\u00fd krom\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky p\u016fsob\u00ed i jako prim\u00e1\u0159 neurologie v americk\u00e9 Yale New Haven Medical Center. Zdej\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i pat\u0159\u00ed v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b boreli\u00f3zy ji\u017e tradi\u010dn\u011b k nejzku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm na sv\u011bt\u011b. Byli to v\u011bdci z Yale kte\u0159\u00ed v roce 1975 poprv\u00e9 popsali boreli\u00f3zu, kter\u00e1 vznkla ve vedlej\u0161\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Old Lyme. \u201eV\u017edy se m\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dit pacient, nikoliv krevn\u00ed v\u00fdsledek,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 neurolog.<br \/>\nProti boreli\u00f3ze \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 prevence dosud neexistuje. V prvn\u00ed f\u00e1zi onemocn\u011bn\u00ed jsou prvn\u00ed volbou l\u00e9\u010dby \u0161irokospektr\u00e1ln\u00ed antibiotika. Absolutn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina  nemocn\u00fdch se po jejich nasazen\u00ed vyl\u00e9\u010d\u00ed bez n\u00e1sledk\u016f. Jestli\u017ee v\u0161ak nemoc postoup\u00ed do sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed a terci\u00e1ln\u00ed f\u00e1ze, z\u00e1vis\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba podle M. J. Str\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch projevech. \u201eP\u0159i tzv. chronick\u00e9 boreli\u00f3ze s nespecifick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky je v\u011bdecky prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee antibiotika nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd smysl. L\u00e9\u010dba je v\u00fdhradn\u011b symptomatick\u00e1. Podle charakter\u016f probl\u00e9m\u016f jsou pod\u00e1v\u00e1ny nap\u0159\u00edklad protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 l\u00e9ky, antidepresiva \u010di pacient doch\u00e1z\u00ed na fyzioterapii.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>S p\u0159\u00edchodem prvn\u00edch jarn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f se za\u010dnou probouzet kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata a s nimi se objev\u00ed i riziko kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 encefalit\u00eddy a Lymsk\u00e9 boreli\u00f3zy. Kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 encefalit\u00edda se sice <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30243\" title=\"Bu\u010fte p\u0159ipraveni, a\u017e se kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata probud\u00ed!\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15672,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30243","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30243"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30243\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15672"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30243"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30243"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30243"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}