{"id":30253,"date":"2018-03-09T10:29:48","date_gmt":"2018-03-09T09:29:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30253"},"modified":"2018-03-09T10:29:48","modified_gmt":"2018-03-09T09:29:48","slug":"vyzrajeme-na-ocni-vady","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30253","title":{"rendered":"Vyzrajeme na o\u010dn\u00ed vady?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Dle posledn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f trp\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed vadou v\u00edce ne\u017e 60 procent populace. V souvislosti s t\u00edm roste popularita nejen refrak\u010dn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed chirurgie. O\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edna m\u00e1 v sou\u010dasnosti k dispozici modern\u00ed a bezbolestn\u00e9 metody l\u00e9\u010dby o\u010dn\u00edch vad \u010di o\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. <\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><br \/>\n\u0160patn\u011b rozezn\u00e1v\u00e1me vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty, citliv\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1me osln\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem nebo p\u0159i \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vozidel a stroj\u016f, kdy je zrakov\u00e1 pohoda nezbytn\u00e1, je nekorigovan\u00e1 vada rizikov\u00e1. P\u0159i kr\u00e1tkozrakosti je obraz vytv\u00e1\u0159en p\u0159ed s\u00edtnic\u00ed, a proto doch\u00e1z\u00ed k neostrosti. Kr\u00e1tkozrakost (neboli myopie) se koriguje &#8222;minusov\u00fdmi&#8220; \u010do\u010dkami, kter\u00e9 posunou obraz dozadu na s\u00edtnici a ten se tak st\u00e1v\u00e1 ostr\u00fdm. Standardn\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm je no\u0161en\u00ed br\u00fdl\u00ed nebo kontaktn\u00edch \u010do\u010dek.<br \/>\n&#8222;Nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metodou refrak\u010dn\u00ed chirurgie ke korekci myopie je NeoSmile 3D a u vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch dioptrick\u00fdch vad implantace nitroo\u010dn\u00ed kontaktn\u00ed \u010do\u010dky,&#8220; vysv\u011btluje prim\u00e1\u0159ka O\u010dn\u00ed kliniky DuoVize, MUDr. Lucie Vale\u0161ov\u00e1. <\/p>\n<p>DALEKOZRAKOST <\/p>\n<p>Obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b zaost\u0159ujeme na bl\u00edzk\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty. Slab\u0161\u00edho stupn\u011b si v\u016fbec nemus\u00edme v\u0161imnout, proto\u017ee se oko automaticky doost\u0159\u00ed (akomoduje). Permanentn\u00ed akomodace oka n\u00e1m v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee u\u017e p\u0159i stupni +0,5 dioptrie zp\u016fsobit bolest hlavy, migr\u00e9ny, ospalost \u010di nesoust\u0159ed\u011bnost. P\u0159i dalekozrakosti (neboli hypermetropii) je obraz vytv\u00e1\u0159en za s\u00edtnic\u00ed, proto se korekce prov\u00e1d\u00ed &#8222;plusov\u00fdmi&#8220; \u010do\u010dkami, kter\u00e9 posunou obraz vp\u0159ed na s\u00edtnici.&#8220;K odstran\u011bn\u00ed dalekozrakosti jsou vhodn\u00e9 laserov\u00e9 refrak\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1kroky. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed dioptrick\u00e9 vady se \u0159e\u0161\u00ed nitroo\u010dn\u00edmi z\u00e1kroky, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad implantac\u00ed nitroo\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dky ICL nebo metodou Prelex,&#8220; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Lucie Vale\u0161ov\u00e1. <\/p>\n<p>VETCHOZRAKOST <\/p>\n<p>(presbyopie) <\/p>\n<p>Po 40. roce na\u0161e o\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dky za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed ztr\u00e1cet svou pru\u017enost, a t\u00edm i schopnost zaost\u0159it na bl\u00edzk\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty.<br \/>\nVetchozrakost (neboli presbyopie) se za\u010dne projevovat pot\u0159ebou oddalovat, a\u017e jsou jednoho dne na\u0161e ruce p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 &#8222;kr\u00e1tk\u00e9&#8220;.<br \/>\nNevid\u00edme dob\u0159e na jemn\u00e9 ru\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, s obt\u00ed\u017eemi hled\u00e1me v mobiln\u00edm telefonu.<br \/>\nPokud to ne\u0159e\u0161\u00edme, trp\u00edme bolest\u00ed hlavy, p\u00e1len\u00edm o\u010d\u00ed, nadm\u011brn\u00fdm slzen\u00edm nebo naopak pocitem p\u00edsku v o\u010d\u00edch. Vetchozrakost lze standardn\u011b \u0159e\u0161it br\u00fdlemi &#8222;na bl\u00edzko&#8220;, nebo metodou Prelex. &#8222;Vym\u011bn\u00edme p\u016fvodn\u00ed lidskou \u010do\u010dku za \u010do\u010dku um\u011blou, trifok\u00e1ln\u00ed. P\u0159i operaci tak odstran\u00edme jak\u00fdkoli po\u010det dioptri\u00ed a zbav\u00edme pacienta z\u00e1vislosti na br\u00fdl\u00edch na \u010dten\u00ed, na po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, i do d\u00e1lky,&#8220; vysv\u011btluje z\u00e1krok MUDr. Lubom\u00edr Tov\u00e1rek, mikrochirurg O\u010dn\u00ed kliniky DuoVize. <\/p>\n<p>\u0160ED\u00dd Z\u00c1KAL <\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1me zaml\u017een\u00e9 a rozost\u0159en\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed, hlavn\u011b p\u0159i pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f v d\u00e1lce. C\u00edt\u00edme nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 osl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm slune\u010dn\u00edm sv\u011btle nebo p\u0159i no\u010dn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed automobilu. Barvy na posti\u017een\u00e9m oku nejsou tak syt\u00e9 jako na druh\u00e9m, l\u00e1mou se, maj\u00ed jinou intenzitu a odst\u00edn. N\u011bkdy se n\u00e1m p\u0159edm\u011bty p\u0159i pohledu jedn\u00edm okem jev\u00ed zdvojen\u00e9 a\u017e ztrojen\u00e9.<br \/>\n&#8222;\u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal (neboli katarakta) postihuje v\u00edce ne\u017e 60 % osob star\u0161\u00edch 65 let. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed k metabolick\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m uvnit\u0159 \u010do\u010dky a k jej\u00edmu n\u00e1sledn\u00e9mu zkalen\u00ed perifern\u00ed a pot\u00e9 i optick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti. \u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal nelze zastavit ani zpomalit \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdmi kapkami ani l\u00e9ky. Jedin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem l\u00e9\u010dby je operace. St\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159evratn\u00fdm z\u00e1krokem je operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu tzv. laserem LenSx, tedy bez skalpelu&#8220; vysv\u011btluje docentka \u0160\u00e1rka Skorkovsk\u00e1, prim\u00e1\u0159ka O\u010dn\u00ed kliniky NeoVize. <\/p>\n<p>GLAUKOM (ZELEN\u00dd Z\u00c1KAL) <\/p>\n<p>Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku o n\u011bm v\u016fbec nev\u00edme. Glaukom se neprojevuje bolest\u00ed, ani nep\u016fsob\u00ed jin\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017ee. Ztr\u00e1c\u00edme postupn\u011b perifern\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed, zm\u011bny jsou ale velmi pomal\u00e9 a v\u011bt\u0161inou si je neuv\u011bdomujeme.<br \/>\nOnemocn\u011bn\u00ed b\u00fdv\u00e1 odhaleno n\u00e1hodn\u011b p\u0159i preventivn\u00edm o\u010dn\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159edpisu br\u00fdl\u00ed na bl\u00edzko. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee ji\u017e vn\u00edm\u00e1me zm\u011bny v zorn\u00e9m poli, jde o velmi pokro\u010dilou f\u00e1zi onemocn\u011bn\u00ed s v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby.<br \/>\nP\u0159i zelen\u00e9m z\u00e1kalu doch\u00e1z\u00ed k postupn\u00e9mu odum\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edho nervu, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st a\u017e k slepot\u011b. Zm\u011bny na nervov\u00fdch vl\u00e1knech v\u0161ak odhal\u00ed velmi citliv\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstroj \u2013 OCT (Optick\u00e1 koherentn\u00ed tomografie).<br \/>\nL\u00e9\u010dba mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zah\u00e1jena okam\u017eit\u011b, aby nedo\u0161lo k dal\u0161\u00edmu po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed. Rozvoji glaukomu se lze \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b br\u00e1nit antiglaukomov\u00fdmi kapkami (na sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nitroo\u010dn\u00edho tlaku). Pokro\u010dil\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady jsou l\u00e9\u010deny chirurgick\u00fdmi a laserov\u00fdmi z\u00e1kroky. <\/p>\n<p>ODCHL\u00cdPEN\u00cd S\u00cdTNICE <\/p>\n<p>Pokud ob\u010das vid\u00edme p\u0159ed okem temn\u00e9 nebo nepravideln\u00e9 skvrny, &#8222;padaj\u00edc\u00ed saze&#8220;, sv\u011bteln\u00e9 z\u00e1blesky nebo n\u00e1s tr\u00e1p\u00ed neostr\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak odchl\u00edpnut\u00ed s\u00edtnice. Jak odchlipov\u00e1n\u00ed pokra\u010duje, v\u0161imneme si tmav\u00e9 clony, kter\u00e1 postupn\u011b zakr\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u00fdhled.<br \/>\nNen\u00ed-li odchl\u00edpen\u00e1 s\u00edtnice v\u010das operov\u00e1na, hroz\u00ed n\u00e1m trval\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta zraku. V\u011bt\u0161inu chorob s\u00edtnice um\u00ed modern\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed mikrochirurgie l\u00e9\u010dit, a to bu\u010f chirurgick\u00fdm z\u00e1krokem, nebo za pomoc\u00ed nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch s\u00edtnicov\u00fdch laser\u016f. Operace prob\u00edhaj\u00ed ambulantn\u011b. <\/p>\n<p>MAKUL\u00c1RN\u00cd DEGENERACE <\/p>\n<p>Vn\u00edm\u00e1me n\u00e1hl\u00e9 pok\u0159iven\u00ed obrazu, nebo n\u00e1m najednou vypadne obraz uprost\u0159ed zorn\u00e9ho pole. I takto se m\u016f\u017ee projevovat velmi z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed \u2013 makul\u00e1rn\u00ed degenerace, kter\u00e9 se nej\u010dast\u011bji vyskytuje u osob star\u0161\u00edch 60 let. Pacient\u016fm znemo\u017e\u0148uje tato vada sledovat televizi a maj\u00ed poruchy \u010dten\u00ed.<br \/>\nM\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st a\u017e k praktick\u00e9 slepot\u011b.<br \/>\nP\u0159i v\u011bkem podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 makul\u00e1rn\u00ed degeneraci (VPMD) doch\u00e1z\u00ed k chorobn\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m na s\u00edtnici v m\u00edst\u011b nejost\u0159ej\u0161\u00edho vid\u011bn\u00ed. Makul\u00e1rn\u00ed degenerace se l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed pomoc\u00ed nitroo\u010dn\u00edch injekc\u00ed Avastinu, kter\u00e9 zabra\u0148uj\u00ed krv\u00e1cen\u00ed a otok\u016fm.<br \/>\nL\u00e9\u010dba je bezbolestn\u00e1 a trv\u00e1 pouze n\u011bkolik minut, injekce je nutn\u00e9 opakovat n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t za sebou a n\u00e1sledn\u011b podle v\u00fdvoje choroby.<\/p>\n<p>Pra\u017esk\u00fd den\u00edk<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.prazsky.denik.cz\/ <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Dle posledn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f trp\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed vadou v\u00edce ne\u017e 60 procent populace. V souvislosti s t\u00edm roste popularita nejen refrak\u010dn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed chirurgie. O\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edna m\u00e1 v <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30253\" title=\"Vyzrajeme na o\u010dn\u00ed vady?\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20406,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30253","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30253","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30253"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30253\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20406"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}