{"id":30310,"date":"2018-03-23T09:28:23","date_gmt":"2018-03-23T08:28:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30310"},"modified":"2018-03-23T09:28:23","modified_gmt":"2018-03-23T08:28:23","slug":"lidi-s-tuberkulozou-mirne-ubylo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30310","title":{"rendered":"Lid\u00ed s tuberkul\u00f3zou m\u00edrn\u011b ubylo"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tuberkul\u00f3zou v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice loni onemocn\u011blo 471 lid\u00ed, z toho 6 d\u011bt\u00ed. 23 pacient\u016f nemoci podlehlo. Drtiv\u011b p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed mu\u017ei, 31 % nemocn\u00fdch jsou cizinci. Nejv\u00edce cizinc\u016f s TBC l\u00e9ka\u0159i objevili v Plze\u0148sk\u00e9m kraji. Obvykle si p\u0159itom dr\u017e\u00ed prvenstv\u00ed v zastoupen\u00ed cizinc\u016f s tuberkul\u00f3zou Praha. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed skok sm\u011brem nahoru zaznamenali v Jihomoravsk\u00e9m kraji, a to o 19 na 66 pacient\u016f.<\/strong>
\n
\nVypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to z nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch statistik n\u00e1rodn\u00edho Registru TBC za lo\u0148sk\u00fd rok, kter\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159i tradi\u010dn\u011b zve\u0159ej\u0148uj\u00ed v r\u00e1mci Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho dne boje proti tuberkul\u00f3ze. Den, kdy si p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed odhalen\u00ed bacilu Mycobacterium tuberculosis n\u011bmeck\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159em Robertem Kochem, letos op\u011bt p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 24. b\u0159ezna.
\n\u201eNa Plze\u0148sku a Rokycansku jsou nemocn\u00ed s TBC p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Rumuni a Bulha\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed zde pracuj\u00ed v montovn\u00e1ch. Na jihu Moravy p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k vysok\u00e9mu \u010d\u00edslu zejm\u00e9na v\u011bzni v m\u00edstn\u00ed vazebn\u00ed v\u011bznici, kte\u0159\u00ed si TBC donesli z civiln\u00edho \u017eivota. A nezanedbatelnou \u010d\u00e1st nemocn\u00fdch na ji\u017en\u00ed Morav\u011b, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v Brn\u011b, tvo\u0159\u00ed bezdomovci,\u201c vysv\u011btluje MUDr. Ji\u0159\u00ed Wallenfels, vedouc\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00ed jednotky dohledu nad tuberkul\u00f3zou. \u201e\u010c\u00edsla n\u00e1m ukazuj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159evis mu\u017e\u016f \u2013 344 z celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu. Mezi nimi jsou v\u011bzni, bezdomovci, narkomani, z\u00e1visl\u00ed na alkoholu, ku\u0159\u00e1ci, cizinci na ubytovn\u00e1ch apod.\u201c
\n\u010c\u00edsla podle prof. MUDr. V\u00edt\u011bzslava Kolka, DrSc., p\u0159edsedy \u010cesk\u00e9 pneumologick\u00e9 a ftizeologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (\u010cPFS) a \u010cesk\u00e9 aliance proti chronick\u00fdm respira\u010dn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm (\u010cARO), potvrzuj\u00ed fakt, \u017ee \u010cesk\u00e1 republika pat\u0159\u00ed k zem\u00edm s nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdskytem tuberkul\u00f3zy na sv\u011bt\u011b. \u201eD\u016fvodem je systematick\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce \u010desk\u00fdch pneumolog\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed diagnostiku, l\u00e9\u010dbu i protiepidemick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed. Nesm\u00edme ale polevit a nad\u00e1le se soust\u0159edit na problematick\u00e9 skupiny obyvatel, nap\u0159\u00edklad ze zem\u00ed s vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdskytem TBC, vy\u0161et\u0159ovat osoby \u017e\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed o azyl, ale i bezdomovce a specifick\u00e9 skupiny se sn\u00ed\u017eenou imunitou,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Kolek. Podle p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f z registru za rok 2017 klesl po\u010det nemocn\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed, a to z 10 na 6, v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edpady TBC byly mezi romsk\u00fdmi d\u011btmi. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd v\u011bk pacient\u016f s tuberkul\u00f3zou je 50 let.
\nPlicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i cht\u011bj\u00ed otev\u0159\u00edt diskuzi na t\u00e9ma d\u00e9lky hospitalizace a izolace pacient\u016f s tuberkul\u00f3zou. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b \u2013 jakmile zjist\u00ed u pacienta p\u0159\u00edtomnost tuberkul\u00f3zy \u2013 jsou povinni jej izolovat. Pacient tak tr\u00e1v\u00ed t\u00fddny, n\u011bkdy i m\u011bs\u00edce v nemocnici.
\n\u201eV pr\u016fm\u011bru u n\u00e1s tuberkul\u00f3zn\u00ed pacienti str\u00e1v\u00ed 2 a\u017e 3 m\u011bs\u00edce, dokud nejsou tzv. kultiva\u010dn\u011b negativn\u00ed. Kdy\u017e si spo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me, \u017ee 1 den v nemocnici stoj\u00ed 1 000 korun, cel\u00e1 hospitalizace a izolace takov\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka p\u0159ijde minim\u00e1ln\u011b na 60 000 korun. Pokud je to komplikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pacient, pak se \u010d\u00e1stka \u0161plh\u00e1 i ke 300 000 korun\u00e1m. Tyto n\u00e1klady \u0159e\u0161\u00ed nemocnice, kter\u00e9 podle pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f mus\u00ed tuberkul\u00f3zn\u00ed pacienty l\u00e9\u010dit a izolovat od okol\u00ed,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. MUDr. Martina Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1, Ph.D., p\u0159ednostka Pneumologick\u00e9 kliniky 1. LF UK a Thomayerovy nemocnice v Praze.
\nVe srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi zem\u011bmi Evropsk\u00e9 Unie je \u010cesk\u00e1 republika raritou \u2013 prakticky nikde jinde toti\u017e v\u0161echny pacienty, a to v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed pouh\u00e9 podez\u0159en\u00ed na tuberkul\u00f3zu, nezav\u00edraj\u00ed. \u201eJe\u0161t\u011b v 50. a 60. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed dokonce chodili lid\u00e9 s tuberkul\u00f3zou do pr\u00e1ce, proto\u017ee to hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 situace vy\u017eadovala. Jen ti s nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed formou tuberkul\u00f3zy z\u016fst\u00e1vali v l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e1ch,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1.
\nV evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch pacienty s TBC sleduj\u00ed stejn\u011b, jako jin\u00e9 infek\u010dn\u00ed pacienty \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad HIV pozitivn\u00ed. Zdravotn\u00ed sestra je nav\u0161t\u011bvuje doma a kontroluje, zda u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed l\u00e9ky a nos\u00ed rou\u0161ku. Tuberkul\u00f3zn\u00ed pacienty, kte\u0159\u00ed nemaj\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 rodinn\u00e9 z\u00e1zem\u00ed, kontroluj\u00ed dohledov\u00ed pracovn\u00edci hygieny a policie. \u201eSeversk\u00e9 zem\u011b takov\u00fd re\u017eim praktikuj\u00ed l\u00e9ta a nemaj\u00ed sebemen\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdskytem tuberkul\u00f3zy v zemi,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 prof. Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1.
\nTuberkul\u00f3za je infek\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed z \u010dlov\u011bka na \u010dlov\u011bka. Pro nemoc je typick\u00fd d\u00e9letrvaj\u00edc\u00ed ka\u0161el s vyka\u0161l\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm hlen\u016f, zhor\u0161en\u00fd dech, teplota a pocen\u00ed, celkov\u00e1 slabost a v\u00e1hov\u00fd \u00fabytek, bolesti na hrudn\u00edku nebo vyka\u0161l\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed krve. <\/p>\n

O spole\u010dnosti \u010cARO
\n\u010cesk\u00e1 aliance proti chronick\u00fdm respira\u010dn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm (\u010cARO) je instituc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 napom\u00e1h\u00e1 zmen\u0161ovat z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e chronick\u00fdmi respira\u010dn\u00edmi nemocemi v populaci \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. \u010cARO se hl\u00e1s\u00ed ke sv\u011btov\u00e9 organizaci GARD (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases) a jej\u00ed \u010dinnost prob\u00edh\u00e1 pod patronac\u00ed Sv\u011btov\u00e9 zdravotnick\u00e9 organizace WHO. C\u00edlem je v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it spole\u010densk\u00e9 pov\u011bdom\u00ed o chronick\u00fdch chorob\u00e1ch d\u00fdchac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu na v\u0161ech \u00farovn\u00edch zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de. \u010cARO sdru\u017euje p\u0159es 20 odborn\u00fdch i laick\u00fdch organizac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed diagnostikou, l\u00e9\u010dbou a popularizac\u00ed nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch respira\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kam pat\u0159\u00ed chronick\u00e1 obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoc (CHOPN), bronchi\u00e1ln\u00ed astma, rakovina plic, TBC a cel\u00e1 \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch nemoc\u00ed. \u010cARO apeluje na zlep\u0161en\u00ed prevence a v\u010dasn\u00e9 diagnostiky u rizikov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti populace s c\u00edlem zv\u00fd\u0161it \u00fa\u010dinnost racion\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby. V\u00edce informac\u00ed na www.caro-gard.cz. <\/p>\n

O spole\u010dnosti \u010cPFS
\nOdborn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost plicn\u00edch l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, kter\u00e1 garantuje komplexn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di o v\u0161echny plicn\u00ed nemoci v\u010detn\u011b TBC. Je sou\u010d\u00e1sti \u010cesk\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti J. E. Purkyn\u011b, vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 odbornou i laickou ve\u0159ejnost, organizuje odborn\u00e1 setk\u00e1n\u00ed a prov\u00e1d\u00ed v\u011bdeckou \u010dinnost. P\u00e9\u010di o TBC zaji\u0161\u0165uje komplexn\u011b v\u010detn\u011b diagnostiky, l\u00e9\u010dby, prevence i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed epidemiologick\u00fdch \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.
\nV\u00edce informac\u00ed na www.pneumologie.cz.<\/p>\n

Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tuberkul\u00f3zou v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice loni onemocn\u011blo 471 lid\u00ed, z toho 6 d\u011bt\u00ed. 23 pacient\u016f nemoci podlehlo. Drtiv\u011b p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed mu\u017ei, 31 % nemocn\u00fdch jsou cizinci. Nejv\u00edce […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30310","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30310","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30310"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30310\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30310"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30310"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30310"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}