{"id":30714,"date":"2018-08-01T16:54:31","date_gmt":"2018-08-01T14:54:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30714"},"modified":"2018-08-01T16:54:31","modified_gmt":"2018-08-01T14:54:31","slug":"pacienti-s-rakovinou-plic-prichazeji-pozde-pneumologove-poprve-v-cesku-vyhlasuji-svetovy-den-teto-nemoci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30714","title":{"rendered":"Pacienti s rakovinou plic p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed pozd\u011b. Pneumologov\u00e9 poprv\u00e9 v \u010cesku vyhla\u0161uj\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00fd den t\u00e9to nemoci"},"content":{"rendered":"

Na rakovinu plic ro\u010dn\u011b v \u010cesku zem\u0159e 5 400 lid\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed j\u00ed tak smutn\u00e9 prvenstv\u00ed mezi v\u0161emi n\u00e1dory v\u016fbec. Na nemoc se v\u011bt\u0161inou p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed pozd\u011b, proto\u017ee \u201epl\u00edce nebol\u00ed\u201c a prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky lid\u00e9 \u010dasto odbydou m\u00e1vnut\u00edm ruky. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 85 % t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ijdou k l\u00e9ka\u0159i, ji\u017e nebojuje o pln\u00e9 vyl\u00e9\u010den\u00ed, ale o prodlou\u017een\u00ed \u017eivota. Plicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i a onkologov\u00e9 se proto rozhodli p\u0159ipojit k celosv\u011btov\u00e9mu dni karcinomu plic a vyhl\u00e1sit jej 1. 8. poprv\u00e9 i v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice, aby na nemoc upozornili.<\/strong>
\n
\nPodle prof. MUDr. V\u00edt\u011bzslava Kolka, DrSc., p\u0159edsedy \u010cesk\u00e9 aliance proti chronick\u00fdm respira\u010dn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm (\u010cARO), je karcinom plic ve sv\u011bt\u011b zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za 1 z 5 \u00famrt\u00ed na rakovinu. Nejv\u00edce zasahuje lidi mezi 65.\u201369. rokem v\u011bku a \u010dast\u011bji mu\u017ee ne\u017e \u017eeny.<\/p>\n

\u201ePl\u00edce jsou org\u00e1nem, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 v sob\u011b m\u00e1lo nervov\u00fdch zakon\u010den\u00ed, proto nemoc v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch st\u00e1di\u00edch nebol\u00ed a prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky, jako ka\u0161el, s\u00edp\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di zm\u011bnu barvy vyka\u0161l\u00e1van\u00e9ho hlenu, lid\u00e9 p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00ed bez pov\u0161imnut\u00ed. \u010casto n\u00e1dor objev\u00edme v r\u00e1mci jin\u00fdch, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159edopera\u010dn\u00edch vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. MUDr. Jana Skr\u030cic\u030ckov\u00e1, CSc., p\u0159ednostka Kliniky nemoc\u00ed plicn\u00edch a tuberkul\u00f3zy LF MU a FN Brno. Podle plicn\u00edch l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f dosud neexistuje \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 skr\u00edningov\u00e1 metoda, kter\u00e1 by zachytila karcinom plic v \u010dasn\u00e9m st\u00e1diu.<\/p>\n

Prok\u00e1zat p\u0159\u00edtomnost n\u00e1doru p\u0159itom nen\u00ed nijak slo\u017eit\u00e9, zpravidla se uk\u00e1\u017ee ji\u017e p\u0159i rentgenov\u00e9m vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed plic. Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zobrazen\u00ed i men\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed tomografie (CT). \u201eBohu\u017eel n\u00e1dor\u016f, kter\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 radik\u00e1ln\u011b operovat a odstranit z t\u011bla, je pouze mezi 10\u201315 %. U v\u011bt\u0161iny onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je c\u00edlem prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby co nejd\u00e9le, a p\u0159itom kvalitn\u011b, prodlou\u017eit \u017eivot,\u201c vysv\u011btluje prof. MUDr. Lubo\u0161 Petru\u017eelka, CSc., p\u0159ednosta Onkologick\u00e9 kliniky 1. LF UK VFN a \u00daVN v Praze.<\/p>\n

A v tom se \u010de\u0161t\u00ed onkologov\u00e9 a pneumologov\u00e9 mohou spolehnout na nov\u00e9 l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed do \u010cR, i kdy\u017e ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s v\u011bt\u0161inou z\u00e1padn\u00edch zem\u00ed se zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00edm. \u201eU vybran\u00fdch nemocn\u00fdch um\u00ed modern\u00ed biologicky c\u00edlen\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba \u010di imunoterapie prodlou\u017eit \u017eivot pacienta a\u017e o roky. O tom se n\u00e1m d\u0159\u00edve ani nezd\u00e1lo, podm\u00ednkou je, aby tato l\u00e9\u010dba byla soust\u0159ed\u011bna do komplexn\u00edch onkologick\u00fdch center, kde je mo\u017en\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dbu nejen pod\u00e1vat, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zajistit kompletn\u00ed molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed diagnostiku,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed prof. Petru\u017eelka. P\u0159id\u011blen\u00ed \u00fahrad od zdravotn\u00edch poji\u0161\u0165oven pro nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu ale trv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouho a pacienti se k nim podle odborn\u00edk\u016f \u010dasto v\u016fbec nedostanou.<\/p>\n

Pro volbu vhodn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby je nejprve d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 rozeznat, o jak\u00fd typ plicn\u00edho n\u00e1doru jde a jak\u00fd m\u00e1 rozsah. \u201eKdy\u017e ur\u010d\u00edme typ n\u00e1doru p\u0159esn\u011b, dok\u00e1\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, kter\u00fd l\u00e9k by mohl b\u00fdt \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd,\u201c vysv\u011btluje prof. Kolek. Tato diagnostika se ale st\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a spolehliv\u011b um\u00ed n\u00e1dor ur\u010dit jen v n\u011bkter\u00fdch pneumologick\u00fdch centrech. T\u011bch skute\u010dn\u011b komplexn\u011b vybaven\u00fdch je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 15. Pro rozezn\u00e1n\u00ed typu n\u00e1doru a n\u00e1slednou l\u00e9\u010dbu se do center dostav\u00ed jen 70 % vhodn\u00fdch pacient\u016f. Podle prof. Sk\u0159i\u010dkov\u00e9 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odm\u00edtnou p\u0159ijet, proto\u017ee centra jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vzd\u00e1lena od jejich bydli\u0161t\u011b. \u010c\u00e1st nemocn\u00fdch pova\u017euje tuto nep\u0159\u00edznivou diagn\u00f3zu za ne\u0159e\u0161itelnou a necht\u011bj\u00ed ji\u017e o \u017eivot bojovat.<\/p>\n

Pro ur\u010den\u00ed typu plicn\u00edho n\u00e1doru pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i nej\u010dast\u011bji bronchoskopii spojenou s odb\u011brem vzorku plicn\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b (biopsi\u00ed) a laboratorn\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edm. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed prof. Petru\u017eelka, v zahrani\u010d\u00ed i u n\u00e1s zkoumaj\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i dal\u0161\u00ed diagnostick\u00e9 metody, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1doru z dechu \u010di z krve. \u201eVelice slibn\u011b se jev\u00ed tzv. tekut\u00e1 biopsie, tedy vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed voln\u00e9 cirkuluj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 DNA z krve, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje sledovat molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed profil n\u00e1dor\u016f, i to, jak se postupem \u010dasu vyv\u00edj\u00ed,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 prof. Petru\u017eelka.<\/p>\n

V USA ji\u017e nyn\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed plo\u0161n\u00fd skr\u00ednink pomoc\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed CT u rizikov\u00e9 populace t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f. Z\u00e1jem je doposud ale men\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se \u010dekalo. \u201eV evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch se je\u0161t\u011b vy\u010dk\u00e1v\u00e1 na v\u00fdsledky dal\u0161\u00edch studi\u00ed. Uva\u017euje se o vlivu ukon\u010den\u00ed kou\u0159en\u00ed i o strachu lid\u00ed, \u017ee se \u201ena n\u011bco p\u0159ijde\u201c. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je proto dob\u0159e specifikovat rizikov\u00e9 skupiny,\u201c vysv\u011btluje prof. Kolek. Prof. Sk\u0159i\u010dkov\u00e1 dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee by situaci mohlo pomoci, kdyby prakti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i u rizikov\u00fdch pacient\u016f, tedy t\u011bch, co p\u0159ekro\u010dili 50 let a z\u00e1rove\u0148 jsou ku\u0159\u00e1ci, nechali prov\u00e9st z\u00e1kladn\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed plic (spirometrii) a rentgen plic.<\/p>\n

Zhruba 90 % ze v\u0161ech pacient\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed plicn\u00ed rakovinu, jsou ku\u0159\u00e1ci. V souvislosti s uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm tzv. protiku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona \u010dekaj\u00ed pneumologov\u00e9 i onkologov\u00e9 postupn\u00fd pokles po\u010dtu nemocn\u00fdch s karcinomem plic, stejn\u011b jako tomu bylo v souvislosti se zaveden\u00edm protiku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00fdch restrikc\u00ed v USA. \u201eJsem vd\u011b\u010dn\u00e1, \u017ee na\u0161e spole\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed vedlo k pos\u00edlen\u00ed boje proti kou\u0159en\u00ed na politick\u00e9 i odborn\u00e9 \u00farovni. Dobr\u00fdm sign\u00e1lem pro zdrav\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 populace je, \u017ee tzv. protiku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00fd z\u00e1kon z\u016fstal i p\u0159es snahu o zm\u011bk\u010den\u00ed v p\u016fvodn\u00edm zn\u011bn\u00ed,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Alena \u0160teflov\u00e1 Ph.D., MPH, n\u00e1m\u011bstkyn\u011b ministra zdravotnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Podle dat z \u00daZIS z let 1977\u20132015 se nejv\u00edce lid\u00ed s karcinomem plic nach\u00e1z\u00ed v Karlovarsk\u00e9m a \u00dasteck\u00e9m kraji, naopak nejm\u00e9n\u011b na Zl\u00ednsku.<\/p>\n

O spole\u010dnosti \u010cARO<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 aliance proti chronick\u00fdm respira\u010dn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm (\u010cARO) je instituc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 napom\u00e1h\u00e1 zmen\u0161ovat z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e chronick\u00fdmi respira\u010dn\u00edmi nemocemi v populaci \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. \u010cARO se hl\u00e1s\u00ed ke sv\u011btov\u00e9 organizaci GARD (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases) a jej\u00ed \u010dinnost prob\u00edh\u00e1 pod patronac\u00ed Sv\u011btov\u00e9 zdravotnick\u00e9 organizace WHO. C\u00edlem je v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it spole\u010densk\u00e9 pov\u011bdom\u00ed o chronick\u00fdch chorob\u00e1ch d\u00fdchac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu na v\u0161ech \u00farovn\u00edch zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de. \u010cARO sdru\u017euje p\u0159es 20 odborn\u00fdch i laick\u00fdch organizac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed diagnostikou, l\u00e9\u010dbou a popularizac\u00ed nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch respira\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kam pat\u0159\u00ed chronick\u00e1 obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoc (CHOPN), bronchi\u00e1ln\u00ed astma, rakovina plic, TBC a cel\u00e1 \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch nemoc\u00ed. \u010cARO apeluje na zlep\u0161en\u00ed prevence a v\u010dasn\u00e9 diagnostiky u rizikov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti populace s c\u00edlem zv\u00fd\u0161it \u00fa\u010dinnost racion\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby. V\u00edce informac\u00ed na www.caro-gard.cz<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na rakovinu plic ro\u010dn\u011b v \u010cesku zem\u0159e 5 400 lid\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed j\u00ed tak smutn\u00e9 prvenstv\u00ed mezi v\u0161emi n\u00e1dory v\u016fbec. Na nemoc se v\u011bt\u0161inou p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed pozd\u011b, […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30714"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30714\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/16359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}