{"id":30961,"date":"2018-10-12T12:37:19","date_gmt":"2018-10-12T10:37:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30961"},"modified":"2018-10-12T12:37:19","modified_gmt":"2018-10-12T10:37:19","slug":"proc-chytnete-chripku-kdyz-se-ockujete","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30961","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d chytnete ch\u0159ipku, kdy\u017e se o\u010dkujete?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>V roce 2017 bylo v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice hospitalizov\u00e1no 1760 osob jen kv\u016fli ch\u0159ipce. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka hospitalizace byla 6,3 dny a 66 hospitalizovan\u00fdch na n\u00e1sledky ch\u0159ipky zem\u0159elo. Celkem je u n\u00e1s t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u010dty\u0159i miliony chronicky nemocn\u00fdch osob ve v\u011bku 3-64 let a osob star\u0161\u00edch 65 let, kter\u00e9 jsou v riziku n\u00e1kazy virem ch\u0159ipky. Proo\u010dkovanost t\u00e9to rizikov\u00e9 skupiny je pouh\u00fdch 16 %, zat\u00edmco v jin\u00fdch vysp\u011bl\u00fdch st\u00e1tech EU je m\u00edra proo\u010dkovanosti u senior\u016f a\u017e 75 %. Pro\u010d se to d\u011bje, kdy\u017e ochrana p\u0159ed tak diskutovan\u00fdm virem existuje?<\/strong><br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\nS \u201er\u00fdmi\u010dkou\u201c nemus\u00edte ihned k l\u00e9ka\u0159i. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je dodr\u017eet klidov\u00fd re\u017eim v izolaci co nejd\u0159\u00edve od propuknut\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdch symptom\u016f. \u201ePokud se ani po dvou \u2013 t\u0159ech dnech v\u00e1\u0161 stav nezlep\u0161\u00ed, ba naopak se zhor\u0161\u00ed, teploty p\u016fjdou nahoru p\u0159es 38 \u00b0C a neulev\u00ed se v\u00e1m ani nap\u0159. po l\u00e9ku na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed teploty, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pot\u00e9 co za\u010dnete vyka\u0161l\u00e1vat nazelenal\u00e9 hleny, je \u010das nav\u0161t\u00edvit l\u00e9ka\u0159e,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 praktick\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159ka MUDr. Vlasta Plach\u00e1 z Polikliniky na N\u00e1rodn\u00ed a dod\u00e1v\u00e1: \u201eTen rozhodne, zda je v\u00e1\u0161 stav ji\u017e natolik z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd, \u017ee bude t\u0159eba nasadit antibiotika. Ta jsou indikov\u00e1na i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b komplikac\u00ed ch\u0159ipky, jako je z\u00e1pal plic nebo pr\u016fdu\u0161ek. Proto apeluji na nutnost o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti ch\u0159ipce v podzimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Pozor na milov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1kaza ch\u0159ipkou je mo\u017en\u00e1 nejen vzduchem, ale tak\u00e9 v\u0161emi p\u0159edm\u011bty, kter\u00fdch se nemocn\u00ed lid\u00e9 dotkli. Velmi rizikov\u00e9 jsou pen\u00edze. \u201eCh\u0159ipkov\u00fd virus je toti\u017e odoln\u00fd i n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed,\u201c varuje praktick\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159ka a rad\u00ed: \u201eN\u00e1kazu m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit b\u011b\u017en\u00fd p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fd polibek i milov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak\u017ee rad\u00edm tyto radov\u00e1nky po dobu nemoci rad\u011bji odlo\u017eit.\u201c Ochranu p\u0159ed nemocn\u00fdmi v MHD \u010di \u010dek\u00e1rn\u011b zajist\u00ed t\u0159eba oby\u010dejn\u00e1 \u0161\u00e1la, kterou si budete chr\u00e1nit obli\u010dej. Podle l\u00e9ka\u0159ky m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt tak\u00e9 rou\u0161ku, kterou se\u017eenete b\u011b\u017en\u011b v l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u011b. Je to sice \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 ochrana, ale ne stoprocentn\u00ed. V \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se rou\u0161ka ned\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvat opakovan\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Obecn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e1 pravidla jsou stranit se kin, divadel i MHD. D\u011bti, pokud mo\u017eno, ned\u00e1vat do \u0161kolky, ale po\u017e\u00e1dat o spolupr\u00e1ci babi\u010dku. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 pamatovat na zv\u00fd\u0161enou hygienu \u2013 ihned po vystoupen\u00ed z MHD pou\u017e\u00edt antibakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed gel nebo ubrousky, po n\u00e1vratu dom\u016f \u010di do kancel\u00e1\u0159e si d\u016fkladn\u011b um\u00fdt ruce, \u010dasto dezinfikovat v\u011bci, kter\u00fdch se dot\u00fdk\u00e1te (kl\u00e1vesnice, my\u0161, kliky u dve\u0159\u00ed apod.) a nej\u00edst ani nep\u00edt v uzav\u0159en\u00fdch prostor\u00e1ch, kde se pohybuj\u00ed nemocn\u00ed. To jsou obecn\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e1 byste m\u011bli zautomatizovat zejm\u00e9na v dob\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 nemocnosti. Riziko n\u00e1kazy ch\u0159ipkou v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017eete eliminovat pouze o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm,\u201c upozor\u0148uje MUDr. Plach\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Zvolte vhodnou vakc\u00ednu<\/p>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed vakc\u00edna \u0161it\u00e1 na t\u011blo aktu\u00e1ln\u011b zmutovan\u00fdm vir\u016fm ch\u0159ipky. V na\u0161ich kon\u010din\u00e1ch se vyskytuj\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i kmeny ch\u0159ipky. Krom\u011b kmen\u016f A \u2013 Michigan a Singapure to jsou i kmeny B \u2013 Colorado a Phuket. \u201eN\u011bkter\u00e9 o\u010dkovac\u00ed vakc\u00edny proti ch\u0159ipce v\u0161ak chr\u00e1n\u00ed pouze proti kmen\u016fm A, a to i p\u0159esto, \u017ee u n\u00e1s p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00ed kmeny B, jin\u00e9 vakc\u00edny chr\u00e1n\u00ed proti kmen\u016fm A a jednomu kmenu B (nap\u0159. Vaxigrip, Influvac, Prefluce). Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se takov\u00fdmi vakc\u00ednami nechaj\u00ed nao\u010dkovat, mohou tedy ch\u0159ipkou onemocn\u011bt. Doporu\u010duji proto zaj\u00edmat se o to, jakou vakc\u00ednu nab\u00edz\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00e1\u0161 o\u0161et\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159. Od lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku je toti\u017e k dispozici vakc\u00edna, kter\u00e1 v\u00e1s chr\u00e1n\u00ed proti v\u0161em \u010dty\u0159em kmen\u016fm ch\u0159ipky (nap\u0159. Vaxigrip Tetra),\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Vlasta Plach\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>S o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm neot\u00e1lejte<\/p>\n<p>Odborn\u00edci doporu\u010duj\u00ed samotn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed neodkl\u00e1dat. Ch\u0159ipka je zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 epidemie s rychl\u00fdm \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d populac\u00ed, s t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fb\u011bhem a mo\u017enost\u00ed dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1sledk\u016f \u010di v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch komplikac\u00ed a dokonce \u00famrt\u00ed. \u201eNam\u00edsto antibiotik bychom si m\u011bli \u201enaordinovat\u201c o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je spolu se zdrav\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem t\u00edm nejlep\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem ochrany proti ch\u0159ipce. Pln\u00e1 ochrana proti ch\u0159ipce se vyvine a\u017e za 2-3 t\u00fddny, je tedy nutn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edtat s jakousi \u010dasovou prodlevou. Prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady ch\u0159ipky se mohou vyskytnout ji\u017e po\u010d\u00e1tkem \u0159\u00edjna, proto nejlep\u0161\u00ed dobou pro o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed je \u0159\u00edjen a\u017e listopad. Nen\u00ed pozd\u011b ani v prosinci, ale \u010d\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe. \u201eV pozdn\u00edch podzimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch ji\u017e b\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u010dek\u00e1rny p\u0159epln\u011bny nemocn\u00fdmi pacienty, kde op\u011bt hroz\u00ed riziko n\u00e1kazy, a to velmi rychle. Doporu\u010duji proto vyhledat takov\u00e9 pracovi\u0161t\u011b, kde se m\u016f\u017eete objednat na p\u0159esn\u00fd \u010das, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt zdravotnick\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kde nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u010dekac\u00ed doby. D\u016fvod je jednoduch\u00fd \u2013 je velmi nutn\u00e9, aby byl nao\u010dkov\u00e1n pouze zdrav\u00fd jedinec. Ve chv\u00edli, kdy organismus zachyt\u00ed jak\u00fdkoliv vir, by\u0165 i nech\u0159ipkov\u00fd, je o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed kontraindikov\u00e1no. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se \u010dlov\u011bk nach\u00e1z\u00ed jen v inkuba\u010dn\u00ed dob\u011b ch\u0159ipky, m\u016f\u017ee samotn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161it pr\u016fb\u011bh ch\u0159ipky,\u201c rad\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159ka z Polikliniky na N\u00e1rodn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Kolik stoj\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba?<\/p>\n<p>Jen VZP zaplatila v roce 2014 za l\u00e9\u010dbu pacient\u016f s ch\u0159ipkou v\u00edce ne\u017e 33 milion\u016f korun. Celkov\u011b ch\u0159ipka vysaje ze st\u00e1tn\u00ed kasy ro\u010dn\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 miliardu korun. Podle praktick\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159ky je v\u0161ak ot\u00e1zkou, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry jsou tato \u010d\u00edsla vypov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed. Nemoc toti\u017e nen\u00ed \u010dasto p\u0159esn\u011b diagnostikov\u00e1na a pacient odch\u00e1z\u00ed dom\u016f s t\u00edm, \u017ee je prost\u011b nachlazen. V nejhor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u00e1 pak je\u0161t\u011b v kapse recept na zbyte\u010dn\u00e1 antibiotika.<\/p>\n<p>Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>V roce 2017 bylo v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice hospitalizov\u00e1no 1760 osob jen kv\u016fli ch\u0159ipce. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka hospitalizace byla 6,3 dny a 66 hospitalizovan\u00fdch na n\u00e1sledky ch\u0159ipky <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=30961\" title=\"Pro\u010d chytnete ch\u0159ipku, kdy\u017e se o\u010dkujete?\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30962,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30961","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30961","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30961"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30961\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/30962"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30961"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30961"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30961"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}