Operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1krokem na sv\u011bt\u011b. Jen v \u010cesku je jich provedeno ro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159es sto tis\u00edc. Pokud se onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zanedb\u00e1, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st a\u017e ke slepot\u011b. V\u010dasn\u00e1 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e je pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou l\u00e9\u010dbu z\u00e1sadn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nemoc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zrak oslabuj\u00ed, je hned n\u011bkolik. K nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm pat\u0159\u00ed \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal. V \u010cesku j\u00edm trp\u00ed a\u017e p\u016fl milionu lid\u00ed. U pacient\u016f star\u0161\u00edch 60 let toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ohro\u017euje dokonce ka\u017ed\u00e9ho druh\u00e9ho. Ve v\u011bku 75 a\u017e 85 let m\u00e1 \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal 90 procent lid\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201e\u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal se projevuje zhor\u0161en\u00edm vid\u011bn\u00ed do d\u00e1lky i bl\u00edzka. L\u00e9\u010dit se d\u00e1 jen operativn\u011b, tedy vyjmut\u00edm zakalen\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky a nahrazen\u00edm um\u011blou nitroo\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dkou. \u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal lid\u00e9 \u010dasto zam\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed za zelen\u00fd, ten m\u00e1 ale jin\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh a l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed se \u010dast\u011bji o\u010dn\u00edmi kapkami ne\u017e operac\u00ed. Zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal se projevuje nejd\u0159\u00edve zhor\u0161en\u00edm perifern\u00edho vid\u011bn\u00ed, co\u017e pacient nemus\u00ed ze za\u010d\u00e1tku v\u016fbec poznat, proto jsou tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pravideln\u00e9 kontroly u o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e. Na rozd\u00edl od \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu, kter\u00fd se operac\u00ed odstran\u00ed cel\u00fd, se zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal operac\u00ed jen pozastavuje, ale zcela nevyl\u00e9\u010d\u00ed,\u201c popsal rozd\u00edly Pavel Stod\u016flka, p\u0159ednosta s\u00edt\u011b o\u010dn\u00edch klinik Gemini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u011bkov\u00e1 hranice pacient\u016f s\u00a0\u0161ed\u00fdm z\u00e1kalem se st\u00e1le sni\u017euje. Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee postihnout i mlad\u00e9 lidi, d\u011bti nebo b\u00fdt dokonce vrozen\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eVzniknout m\u016f\u017ee i po \u00farazu oka nebo dlouhodob\u00e9m u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f. Toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed by lid\u00e9 rozhodn\u011b nem\u011bli podce\u0148ovat. Mezi lidmi st\u00e1le koluje m\u00fdtus, \u017ee \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal pot\u0159ebuje takzvan\u011b uzr\u00e1t, aby byla \u010do\u010dka tvrd\u0161\u00ed a l\u00e9pe se s n\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm pracovalo. To platilo p\u0159ed mnoha lety, kdy se k\u00a0operaci pou\u017e\u00edvala zcela jin\u00e1 technika, p\u0159i sou\u010dasn\u00fdch postupech je to nesmysl. Naopak kdy\u017e pacient ot\u00e1l\u00ed, zbyte\u010dn\u011b si zhor\u0161uje kvalitu \u017eivota \u0161patn\u00fdm vid\u011bn\u00edm a zvy\u0161uje se riziko opera\u010dn\u00edch komplikac\u00ed. Pokud je \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal ponech\u00e1n bez operace, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st a\u017e ke slepot\u011b. Ro\u010dn\u011b kv\u016fli \u0161ed\u00e9mu z\u00e1kalu ve sv\u011bt\u011b oslepne 37 milion\u016f lid\u00ed, v\u011bt\u0161ina v rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00edch. V\u00a0\u010cesku se z\u00a0d\u016fvodu \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu neslepne,\u201c \u0159ekl Pavel Stod\u016flka. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed operac\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d v\u0161emi chirurgick\u00fdmi obory. V\u00a0\u010cesku pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm ambulantn\u00edm z\u00e1krok\u016fm a standardn\u00ed metodu hrad\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna. Operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu je nebolestiv\u00e1 a bez pot\u0159eby nark\u00f3zy. Sta\u010d\u00ed oko znecitlivit anestetick\u00fdmi kapkami.\u00a0Operace se prov\u00e1d\u00ed ambulantn\u011b, trv\u00e1 asi 20 minut a pacient m\u016f\u017ee ihned po operaci odej\u00edt dom\u016f.\u00a0<\/strong>\u201eNejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edm postupem je laserov\u00e1 operace. Laser prov\u00e1d\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 kroky operace, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i klasick\u00e9 metod\u011b prov\u00e1d\u00ed ru\u010dn\u011b mikrochirurgick\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji. Z\u00e1krok laserem je tak je\u0161t\u011b \u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0precizn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010cesk\u00e1 o\u010dn\u00ed chirurgie pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejlep\u0161\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b a \u010de\u0161t\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i pom\u00e1haj\u00ed vyv\u00edjet nov\u00e9 lasery i pro operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu. Dva nov\u00e9 revolu\u010dn\u00ed lasery CAPSULaser a Keranova byly poprv\u00e9 na sv\u011bt\u011b pou\u017eity pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0\u010cesku. <\/p>\n\n\n\n „Laserov\u00e1 operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu m\u00e1 t\u0159i f\u00e1ze. V prvn\u00ed f\u00e1zi laser otev\u0159e o\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dku a \u201anakr\u00e1j\u00ed‘ ji na drobn\u00e9 kousky. Ve druh\u00e9 f\u00e1zi se odstran\u00ed zkalen\u00e1 o\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dka a ve t\u0159et\u00ed se do oka implantuje um\u011bl\u00e1 nitroo\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dka, kter\u00e1 v oku z\u016fstane natrvalo. B\u011b\u017en\u011b pacient do 48 hodin po operaci vid\u00ed mnohem l\u00e9pe ne\u017e p\u0159ed n\u00ed,\u201c uvedl Pavel Stod\u016flka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Podle dat Sv\u011btov\u00e9 zdravotnick\u00e9 organizace prob\u011bhne na sv\u011bt\u011b ro\u010dn\u011b zhruba 17 milion\u016f operac\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu.\u00a0\u201ePo\u010det pacient\u016f posti\u017een\u00fdch \u0161ed\u00fdm z\u00e1kalem pomalu nar\u016fst\u00e1 s t\u00edm, jak st\u00e1rne sv\u011btov\u00e1 populace. N\u00e1r\u016fst zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 ale tak\u00e9 po\u010det operac\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se v roce 1989 provedlo 11 tis\u00edc operac\u00ed, v roce 2013 u\u017e to bylo 80 tis\u00edc z\u00e1krok\u016f, aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010det operac\u00ed p\u0159ekra\u010duje hranici sta tis\u00edc ro\u010dn\u011b,\u201c\u00a0uzav\u0159el Pavel Stod\u016flka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1krokem na sv\u011bt\u011b. Jen v \u010cesku je jich provedeno ro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159es sto tis\u00edc. Pokud se onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zanedb\u00e1, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st a\u017e […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34256,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34255","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=34255"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34255\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/34256"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=34255"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=34255"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=34255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}