Praha, 10. 11. 2020 \u2013 Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed po\u010det p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f akutn\u00edho zhor\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed okam\u017eit\u00fd z\u00e1sah l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f a n\u011bkdy i pobyt v nemocnici, zaznamenali v t\u011bchto t\u00fddnech \u010de\u0161t\u00ed pneumologov\u00e9 u sv\u00fdch pacient\u016f s chronickou obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoc\u00ed (CHOPN). A to d\u00edky no\u0161en\u00ed rou\u0161ek. Ty do velk\u00e9 m\u00edry zabra\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159enosu r\u016fzn\u00fdch bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edch infekc\u00ed. Pacienty s CHOPN, kte\u0159\u00ed se obvykle na podzim pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdskytem tzv. exacerbac\u00ed (zhor\u0161en\u00edm du\u0161nosti a ka\u0161le, \u00fanavy a bolest\u00ed na hrudn\u00edku) tak rou\u0161ky chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed p\u0159enosem infekce od okol\u00ed. Pneumologov\u00e9 na to upozor\u0148uj\u00ed u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho dne CHOPN, jen\u017e p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 18. listopad a p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed, \u017ee pacienti s CHOPN pat\u0159\u00ed ke skupin\u00e1m zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ohro\u017een\u00fdm covidem-19 \u2013 zejm\u00e9na kdy\u017e je\u0161t\u011b kou\u0159\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eBakterie jsou v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e viry, a rou\u0161ky tak zachyt\u00ed jejich podstatnou \u010d\u00e1st. Podzim je tradi\u010dn\u011b obdob\u00edm, kter\u00e9 je pro pacienty s CHOPN velmi kru\u0161n\u00fdm, kv\u016fli r\u00fdm\u00e1m, a infekc\u00edm, je\u017e jejich nemoc mohou dramaticky zhor\u0161it. Paradoxn\u011b, i kdy\u017e si \u010dasto st\u011b\u017euj\u00ed, \u017ee jim rou\u0161ky br\u00e1n\u00ed v d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed, je pr\u00e1v\u011b ony chr\u00e1n\u00ed. Evidujeme m\u00e9n\u011b tzv. exacerbac\u00ed ne\u017e je v tomto obdob\u00ed obvykl\u00e9,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Stanislav Kos, CSc., p\u0159edseda \u010cesk\u00e9ho ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho spolku proti plicn\u00edm nemocem (\u010cOPN).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Projevy akutn\u00edho zhor\u0161en\u00ed (exacerbace) lze snadno zam\u011bnit za po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky koronaviru, odli\u0161uj\u00ed je zpravidla vysok\u00e9 hore\u010dky, nechutenstv\u00ed, bolesti sval\u016f a kloub\u016f \u2013 tyto obt\u00ed\u017ee jsou typick\u00e9 pro covid-19. \u201eP\u0159esto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby se u v\u0161ech pacient\u016f s CHOPN, kte\u0159\u00ed pro\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed akutn\u00ed zhor\u0161en\u00ed nemoci provedl test k vylou\u010den\u00ed n\u00e1kazy covid-19,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. MUDr. Martina Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1, Ph.D., p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b \u010cPFS a p\u0159ednostka Pneumologick\u00e9 kliniky 1. LF UK a Thomayerovy nemocnice. Podle n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed pacienti s CHOPN mezi ohro\u017een\u00e9 skupiny a je u nich v\u00fdznamn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho z\u00e1palu plic a \u00famrt\u00ed, pokud se virem nakaz\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eCHOPN maj\u00ed z 80 % ku\u0159\u00e1ci, p\u0159estat kou\u0159it je tak prvn\u00edm pokynem, kter\u00fd pacient od l\u00e9ka\u0159e krom\u011b diagn\u00f3zy usly\u0161\u00ed. V sou\u010dasnosti je motivace o to v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e v\u00edme, \u017ee kou\u0159en\u00ed komplikuje pr\u016fb\u011bh naka\u017een\u00ed koronavirem \u2013 ovliv\u0148uje toti\u017e speci\u00e1ln\u00ed receptory na povrchu bun\u011bk v doln\u00edch d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest\u00e1ch, co\u017e vede ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9mu vstupu viru do t\u011bchto bun\u011bk. Dle \u0159ady zahrani\u010dn\u00edch studi\u00ed z \u010c\u00edny, It\u00e1lie a USA je riziko vzniku t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 formy covid-19 dvou a\u017e p\u011btin\u00e1sobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed u pacient\u016f s CHOPN, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou aktivn\u00edmi ku\u0159\u00e1ky cigaret,\u201c popisuje doc. MUDr. Vladim\u00edr Kobl\u00ed\u017eek, Ph.D., p\u0159ednosta Plicn\u00ed kliniky Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice a LF UK v Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 a v\u011bdeck\u00fd sekret\u00e1\u0159 \u010cPFS. Pokud se pacienti s CHOPN nakaz\u00ed covid-19 maj\u00ed podle doc. Kobl\u00ed\u017eka i nad\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edvat obvykl\u00e9 inhala\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ky. Pokud ka\u0161lou, m\u011bli by v\u00edce ne\u017e jindy pou\u017e\u00edvat kapesn\u00edk, nejl\u00e9pe jednor\u00e1zov\u00fd pap\u00edrov\u00fd. \u201eVe sv\u00e9m okol\u00ed tak\u00e9 pravideln\u011b dezinfikovat povrchy a b\u00fdt v ur\u010dit\u00e9 izolaci od ostatn\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f dom\u00e1cnosti. Vhodn\u00e9 je, kdy\u017e pravideln\u011b kr\u00e1tce a intenzivn\u011b v\u011btraj\u00ed,\u201c dopl\u0148uje pneumolog. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
V \u010cesku je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 300 000 lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se s CHOPN l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, odborn\u00edci v\u0161ak odhaduj\u00ed, \u017ee o dal\u0161\u00edch 300 000 dosud nev\u00ed \u2013 lid\u00e9 toti\u017e k l\u00e9ka\u0159i \u010dasto nejdou, dechov\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017ee p\u0159i\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed sv\u00e9mu v\u011bku nebo \u0161patn\u00e9 kondici. \u201eCHOPN je mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u010dasn\u00fdm omezen\u00edm inhala\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din jeho vzniku zbrzdit a d\u00edky modern\u00edm l\u00e9k\u016fm je mo\u017en\u00e9 pacient\u016fm z\u00e1sadn\u011b ulevit od obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. Na konci roku 2018 proto N\u00e1rodn\u00ed screeningov\u00e9 centrum \u00dastavu zdravotnick\u00fdch informac\u00ed a statistiky (\u00daZIS) \u010cR spole\u010dn\u011b s n\u00e1mi (plicn\u00edmi) a praktick\u00fdmi l\u00e9ka\u0159i spustilo zku\u0161ebn\u00ed \u2013 pilotn\u00ed \u2013 screeningov\u00fd program. P\u0159i n\u011bm vybran\u00ed prakti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i pos\u00edlaj\u00ednov\u011b vytipovan\u00e9 rizikov\u00e9 pacienty do na\u0161ich ordinac\u00ed k preventivn\u00edmu vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. Rizika jsou d\u00e1na v\u011bkem nad 40 let, sou\u010dasn\u00fdm \u010di minul\u00fdm kou\u0159en\u00edm cigaret a p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed hor\u0161\u00edho d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 aktivit\u011b, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad ch\u016fze do 1.\u20132. patra. Dosud se do tohoto projektu zapojilo 1300 lid\u00ed, kter\u00e9 praktici poslali k pneumolog\u016fm. K za\u010d\u00e1tku \u0159\u00edjna jsme vy\u0161et\u0159ili 538 z nich, a u jedn\u00e9 t\u0159etiny skute\u010dn\u011b na\u0161li dosud nediagnostikovanou CHOPN. Z na\u0161ich dat vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee \u201etypick\u00fdm\u201c nov\u011b nalezen\u00fdm pacientem s CHOPN je mu\u017e po \u0161edes\u00e1tce, kter\u00fd kou\u0159il v\u00edce ne\u017e 38 let jednu krabi\u010dku denn\u011b,\u201c popisuje doc. Kobl\u00ed\u017eek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pacienty se pokou\u0161\u00ed zachytit po vlastn\u00ed ose i sami pneumologov\u00e9. \u201eKa\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1me ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v obchodn\u00edch centrech, organizujeme den otev\u0159en\u00fdch ambulanc\u00ed u\u00a0plicn\u00edch l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f po cel\u00e9 republice, bohu\u017eel letos n\u00e1m tyto aktivity zhatila pandemie,\u201c vysv\u011btluje MUDr. Kos. I tradi\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e1 konference Den pro zdrav\u00e9 pl\u00edce bude letos online, lid\u00e9 ji mohou sledovat 19. listopadu, od 9.\u201313. hodin, odkaz bude uveden na adrese: www.copn.cz\/cs\/aktuality\/pednkov-den-148<\/em><\/a>.<\/em>Dal\u0161\u00ed informace budou od 16. listopadu k\u00a0dispozici tak\u00e9 na\u00a0www.denchopn.cz<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010cesk\u00fd ob\u010dansk\u00fd spolek proti plicn\u00edm nemocem (\u010cOPN)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00edlem spolku je prohlouben\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 informovanosti a spolupr\u00e1ce mezi laiky a odborn\u00edky, zlep\u0161en\u00ed obecn\u00e9ho pov\u011bdom\u00ed o problematice plicn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed a organizov\u00e1n\u00ed aktivit slou\u017e\u00edc\u00edch ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed situace pacient\u016f se z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi plicn\u00edmi nemocemi. Od roku 2019 se v\u011bnuje i pacient\u016fm s rakovinou plic. Odborn\u011b \u010dinnost \u010cOPN garantuje odborn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost (\u010cPFS). Informace o \u010cOPN lze nal\u00e9zt na port\u00e1le <\/em>https:\/\/www.copn.cz\/cs<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010cesk\u00e1 pneumologick\u00e1 a ftizeologick\u00e1 spole\u010dnosti \u010cLS JEP (\u010cPFS)<\/strong> Je odborn\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161\u00ed problematiku v\u0161ech respira\u010dn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b tuberkul\u00f3zy po str\u00e1nce prevence, vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, diagnostiky i terapie. \u010cPFS vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 postupy, vypracov\u00e1v\u00e1 odborn\u00e1 stanoviska k r\u016fzn\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm z vlastn\u00ed iniciativy nebo na \u017e\u00e1dost org\u00e1n\u016f st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy. Odborn\u00e9 sekce \u010cPFS prohlubuj\u00ed a roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed informace v jednotliv\u00fdch funk\u010dn\u00edch specializac\u00edch obor\u016f pneumologie a\u00a0ftizeologie. Hlavn\u00edmi sm\u011bry odborn\u00e9ho zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed t\u011bchto obor\u016f jsou nemoci spojen\u00e9 s bronchi\u00e1ln\u00ed obstrukc\u00ed, n\u00e1dory d\u00fdchac\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed, infek\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011bty v\u010detn\u011b tuberkul\u00f3zy, interstici\u00e1ln\u00ed a granulomat\u00f3zn\u00ed plicn\u00ed procesy, poruchy d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed ve sp\u00e1nku, l\u00e9\u010dba cystick\u00e9 fibr\u00f3zy dosp\u011bl\u00fdch a dal\u0161\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoci. Chronick\u00e1 obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoc je jedn\u00edm z nosn\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f tohoto l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho oboru. Informace o spole\u010dnosti lze nal\u00e9zt na http:\/\/www.pneumologie.cz\/<\/a>. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Praha, 10. 11. 2020 \u2013 Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed po\u010det p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f akutn\u00edho zhor\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed okam\u017eit\u00fd z\u00e1sah l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f a n\u011bkdy i pobyt v nemocnici, zaznamenali v t\u011bchto t\u00fddnech […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35291","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35291","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=35291"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35291\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/16359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=35291"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=35291"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=35291"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}