V Pardubick\u00e9m kraji chyb\u00ed l\u016f\u017eka zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho re\u017eimu, tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad pro lidi s demenc\u00ed. Jejich po\u010det se ale nyn\u00ed nav\u00fd\u0161\u00ed o 166, v pond\u011bl\u00ed bylo otev\u0159eno nov\u00e9 Alzheimercentrum Pardubice. \u0158editelka Eva Kun\u00e1tov\u00e1 Hole\u010dkov\u00e1 tou\u017e\u00ed po tom, aby si k nim lid\u00e9 chodili \u010das u\u017e\u00edt, ne jen p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvat. „Budeme m\u00edt t\u0159eba i pedik\u00e9rku nebo kade\u0159nici, \u017eeny cht\u011bj\u00ed b\u00fdt po\u0159\u00e1d kr\u00e1sn\u00e9,“ vysv\u011btluje.
Lid\u00ed trp\u00edc\u00edch Alzheimerovou chorobou p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1. \u010c\u00edm je to zp\u016fsobeno? <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Alzheimerova choroba p\u0159edstavuje zhruba od 50 do 70 procent v\u0161ech demenc\u00ed. V roce 2019 bylo v \u010cesku necel\u00fdch 150 tis\u00edc p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, odhad na rok 2050 je 280 tis\u00edc. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f bude st\u00e1le p\u0159ib\u00fdvat. Ze statistik vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee Alzheimerova choroba postihuje ka\u017ed\u00e9ho p\u00e1t\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka ve v\u011bku nad 65 let, u n\u011bkoho se m\u016f\u017eou prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky objevovat kolem 40. roku \u017eivota. Nad 85 let trp\u00ed touto nemoc\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina osob. D\u016fvod, pro\u010d se to d\u011bje, je st\u00e1rnut\u00ed populace, lid\u00e9 se do\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho v\u011bku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Co vlastn\u011b choroba s t\u011blem d\u011bl\u00e1 a jak se projevuje?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke generativn\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m mozkov\u00fdch bun\u011bk – neuron\u016f. Bohu\u017eel, jde o postupnou degradaci cel\u00e9 osobnosti. Alzheimerova choroba je od ostatn\u00edch demenc\u00ed specifick\u00e1 t\u00edm, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1 d\u00e9le uchovanou v\u00fdbavnost dlouhodob\u00e9 pam\u011bti, oproti kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9, kter\u00e1 je naru\u0161ena, a tak si \u010dlov\u011bk nap\u0159\u00edklad nepamatuje, kdo u n\u011bho byl v\u010dera na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b, ale dok\u00e1\u017ee vypr\u00e1v\u011bt, co d\u011blal p\u0159ed lety.
Jak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky jsou s nemoc\u00ed spojen\u00e9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Je to t\u0159eba tak\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ta prostorov\u00e9 orientace, kdy se \u010dlov\u011bk neorientuje ve sv\u00e9m byt\u011b. D\u00e1le porucha \u0159e\u010di a porozum\u011bn\u00ed, \u010dlov\u011bk si najednou nevybav\u00ed pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f nebo nedok\u00e1\u017ee slova vyslovit. Tak\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt ke st\u00e1l\u00e9mu opakov\u00e1n\u00ed slov, v\u011bt, sd\u011blen\u00ed. Osoba posti\u017een\u00e1 Alzheimerovou chorobou m\u016f\u017ee trp\u011bt bludy, halucinacemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Prvn\u00ed symptomy nevn\u00edmaj\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed si to ti lid\u00e9 nebo je na p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch, aby p\u0159\u00edznaky zpozorovali?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rodinn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci prvotn\u00ed symptomy zprvu nevn\u00edmaj\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161inou zm\u011bny v chov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdpadky pam\u011bti p\u0159ipisuj\u00ed v\u011bku seniora, starostem a podobn\u011b. Kdy\u017e se prvotn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky p\u0159ehoupnou do toho, \u017ee maminka dvacetkr\u00e1t za dopoledne zavol\u00e1, nebo p\u0159estane pe\u010dovat o sv\u016fj zevn\u011bj\u0161ek, p\u0159itom to byla cel\u00fd \u017eivot d\u00e1ma, nebo za\u010dne \u0161patn\u011b vrstvit oble\u010den\u00ed, teprve za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 rodina n\u011bco \u0159e\u0161it. V\u011bt\u0161inou nev\u00ed, co maj\u00ed d\u011blat, jak se ke sv\u00e9mu bl\u00edzk\u00e9mu chovat. Jsou ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jak se tedy chovat?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00edch je t\u0159eba o tom s \u010dlov\u011bkem mluvit. On si sice uv\u011bdomuje, \u017ee za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 zapom\u00ednat, vn\u00edm\u00e1, \u017ee ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 potraviny n\u011bkam jinam, ale za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u00fdt agresivn\u00ed v\u016f\u010di t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed ho na to upozor\u0148uj\u00ed, co\u017e je pro ob\u011b strany velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9. Od za\u010d\u00e1tku doporu\u010duji vyhled\u00e1vat informace, j\u00edt do poraden, kde rodin\u011b porad\u00ed, jak s klientem jednat, aby se nenaru\u0161ily osobnostn\u00ed vztahy. Pomoc ale rodiny v\u011bt\u0161inou za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed vyhled\u00e1vat a\u017e ve st\u00e1di\u00edch vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch, p\u0159itom kdyby se za\u010dala hned pod\u00e1vat kognitiva, m\u016f\u017ee se nemoc v\u00fdrazn\u011b zpomalit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lze o p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9ho pe\u010dovat v prost\u0159ed\u00ed domova?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pokud se rodinn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk rozhodne pe\u010dovat o bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho s demenc\u00ed, mus\u00ed si uv\u011bdomit a odpov\u011bd\u011bt si na ot\u00e1zku, zda je tento z\u00e1vazek schopen v\u016fbec p\u0159ijmout a zvl\u00e1dnout. Takov\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de je nesm\u00edrn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 fyzicky i psychicky. Pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed osoba nesm\u00ed zapom\u00ednat na sv\u016fj osobn\u00ed \u017eivot a odpo\u010dinek, z\u00e1bavu, odreagov\u00e1n\u00ed se, na pracovn\u00ed povinnosti a ostatn\u00ed \u010dleny rodiny. Jde o to, \u017ee by si pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed osoba m\u011bla uv\u011bdomit zm\u011bnu sv\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed role. Z role man\u017eela, syna, d\u00edt\u011bte se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159i p\u00e9\u010di o bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho do role otce \u010di matky. Tuto roli ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee pro\u017e\u00edvat jinak.
Jak se s t\u00edm nejl\u00e9pe poprat?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hned na za\u010d\u00e1tku by si m\u011bl pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed stanovit sv\u00e9 hranice toho, co v\u0161e je schopen zvl\u00e1dnout s\u00e1m. Je nutn\u00e9 se neobvi\u0148ovat, ned\u00e1vat si za vinu nezvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de. Dovol\u00edm si \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee pe\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed nem\u00e1 b\u00fdt sebezni\u010den\u00ed, \u010dasto to ohro\u017euje soukrom\u00fd \u017eivot pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho, a\u0165 u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o partnersk\u00e9 a rodinn\u00e9 vztahy, ale i tr\u00e1ven\u00ed voln\u00e9ho \u010dasu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kdy\u017e pe\u010dovatel ztr\u00e1c\u00ed s\u00edly<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pro rodinu ale mus\u00ed b\u00fdt t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 sv\u00e9ho bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho sv\u011b\u0159it do p\u00e9\u010de za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ur\u010dit\u011b, mnohdy maj\u00ed rodiny tendenci se sebeobvi\u0148ovat, \u017ee rodinn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edka odkl\u00e1daj\u00ed. Sami by ale nikdy nemohli doc\u00edlit toho, \u010deho v tomto dom\u00e1c\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Proto\u017ee doma m\u00e1 pe\u010dovatel spoustu jin\u00fdch starost\u00ed, ztr\u00e1c\u00ed s\u00edly, pak m\u016f\u017ee na p\u0159\u00edpadnou agresivitu reagovat i nepat\u0159i\u010dn\u011b. M\u00e1me z praxe dok\u00e1zan\u00e9, \u017ee pro ob\u011b strany je mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e rodina za klientem p\u0159ijde p\u00e1rkr\u00e1t za t\u00fdden na k\u00e1vu, vezme ho na proch\u00e1zku, ale p\u00e9\u010di p\u0159enech\u00e1 profesion\u00e1l\u016fm. Jak klient, tak rodina si to u\u017eije o dost v\u00edce ne\u017e kdy\u017e je v dom\u00e1c\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde to je \u010dasto o stresu, starostech a t\u0159eba i h\u00e1dk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Co tedy \u010dek\u00e1 klienty nov\u00e9ho Alzheimercentra v Pardubic\u00edch?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pro na\u0161e obyvatele m\u00e1me p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 ve\u0161ker\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u011b-zdravotn\u00ed slu\u017eby, kter\u00e9 jsou pro tyto osoby s demenc\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm nechceme, aby sem lid\u00e9 chodili p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvat, n\u011bkdo jim dal j\u00eddlo, l\u00e9ky a zajistil bezpe\u010d\u00ed. Chceme, aby to bylo o tom, \u017ee si sem ten \u017eivot jdou opravdu u\u017e\u00edt. M\u00e1me tu pro n\u011b stra\u0161n\u011b moc aktivit, od t\u011bch z\u00e1kladn\u00edch, jako jsou spole\u010densk\u00e1 setk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, oslavy narozenin, filmov\u00fd klub, a\u017e po aktivity, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho klienta a jeho pot\u0159eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Co si pod t\u00edm m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159edstavit?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kdy\u017e t\u0159eba o babi\u010dce budeme v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee byla kv\u011btin\u00e1\u0159ka, m\u011bla r\u00e1da kv\u011btiny, tak jej\u00ed pe\u010dovatel s n\u00ed bude prohl\u00ed\u017eet kn\u00ed\u017eky zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na kv\u011btiny, bude s n\u00ed s\u00e1zet kv\u011btinky, aby to klientce d\u011blalo radost. Bude tu t\u0159eba i kaple nebo reminiscen\u010dn\u00ed m\u00edstnosti, kter\u00e9 budou za\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 vybaven\u00edm z dob, kdy byli klienti ve sv\u00e9m nejproduktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku. Budeme tu m\u00edt t\u0159eba i pedik\u00e9rku nebo kade\u0159nici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I to bude sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed centra?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ano, \u017eeny cht\u011bj\u00ed b\u00fdt po\u0159\u00e1d kr\u00e1sn\u00e9, i kdy\u017e jsou v domov\u011b pro seniory, ale nejen ony, i mu\u017ei o sebe cht\u011bj\u00ed db\u00e1t. P\u0159esto\u017ee je n\u011bjak\u00e1 \u017eena v pokro\u010dil\u00e9m st\u00e1diu demence, ale v\u00edme, \u017ee jako mlad\u00e1 o sebe dbala, tak je pro ni d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby znovu za\u017eila ten pocit, \u017ee je u kade\u0159nice, n\u011bkdo ji ope\u010dov\u00e1v\u00e1 a vrac\u00ed se kr\u00e1sn\u00e1. Navozuje j\u00ed to du\u0161evn\u00ed pohodu.
Alzheimercentrum Pardubice otev\u0159elo sv\u00e9 slu\u017eby pro klienty 7. prosince a nab\u00edz\u00ed zcela nov\u00e9 prostory, kter\u00e9 jsou pln\u011b vybaven\u00e9 a p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 k poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed a o\u0161et\u0159ovatelsk\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed centra, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v modern\u00ed budov\u011b v Polabin\u00e1ch, je nap\u0159\u00edklad tak\u00e9 zahrada a rozlehl\u00e1 venkovn\u00ed terasa. Zprvu se otev\u0159elo pro 36 klient\u016f, ale celkov\u00e1 kapacita centra bude 166 l\u016f\u017eek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lada Sou\u010dkov\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pardubick\u00fd den\u00edk<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/pardubicky.denik.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" V Pardubick\u00e9m kraji chyb\u00ed l\u016f\u017eka zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho re\u017eimu, tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad pro lidi s demenc\u00ed. Jejich po\u010det se ale nyn\u00ed nav\u00fd\u0161\u00ed o 166, v pond\u011bl\u00ed bylo otev\u0159eno […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17515,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35468","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35468","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=35468"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35468\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/17515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=35468"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=35468"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=35468"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}