Neurotick\u00e1 du\u0161evn\u00ed porucha, projevuj\u00edc\u00ed se neodbytn\u00fdm\nnutk\u00e1n\u00edm opakovan\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bt ur\u010dit\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly, m\u016f\u017ee v dosp\u011bl\u00e9 populaci postihovat\na\u017e dva lidi ze sta. Nyn\u00ed v\u011bdci poprv\u00e9 zachytili v mozku sign\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 s n\u00ed\nsouvisej\u00ed. Jejich identifikace otev\u00edr\u00e1 mo\u017enosti nov\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f l\u00e9\u010dby tohoto\nonemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lid\u00e9 trp\u00edc\u00ed obsedantn\u011b kompulzivn\u00ed poruchou maj\u00ed probl\u00e9my\nnejenom s vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi projevy nutkav\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed, je\u017e ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed jejich ka\u017edodenn\u00ed\n\u017eivot, ale \u010dasto tak\u00e9 s vnit\u0159n\u00ed \u00fazkost\u00ed a neklidem. Porucha se zat\u00edm l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed\nzejm\u00e9na pomoc\u00ed psychoterapie, n\u011bkdy i za pou\u017eit\u00ed antidepresiv, ale ne v\u017edy to\nvede k trval\u00e9mu zlep\u0161en\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
V odborn\u00e9m titulu Nature Medicine nyn\u00ed vy\u0161la nov\u00e1 studie,\njej\u00ed\u017e auto\u0159i sledovali p\u011bt dobrovoln\u00edk\u016f s t\u011b\u017ekou obsedantn\u011b kompulzivn\u00ed\nporuchou, a to jak v laborato\u0159i, tak doma b\u011bhem jejich ka\u017edodenn\u00edho \u017eivota.\nShrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e1 data zahrnovala mozkovou aktivitu t\u011bchto dobrovoln\u00edk\u016f a sou\u010dasn\u011b\npopisovala v\u00fdrazy jejich obli\u010dej\u016f, pohyby t\u011bla, frekvenci jejich srde\u010dn\u00edho tepu\na ty p\u0159\u00edznaky poruchy, kter\u00e9 dobrovoln\u00edci sami zm\u00ednili. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00fdsledn\u00fd soubor informac\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase\numo\u017enil v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016fm naj\u00edt souvislosti mezi chov\u00e1n\u00edm a sign\u00e1ly v mozku. Studii\nsice do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry limituje mal\u00fd po\u010det zkouman\u00fdch pacient\u016f, tak\u017ee jej\u00ed v\u00fdsledky\nby m\u011bl je\u0161t\u011b ov\u011b\u0159it dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum, podle webu Science Alert v\u0161ak i tak ukazuje\nmo\u017enou cestu k p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm nov\u00fdm mo\u017enostem l\u00e9\u010dby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u011bdci: Elektrick\u00e9 impulsy by mohly i l\u00e9\u010dit<\/p>\n\n\n\n
„Je to poprv\u00e9, co se poda\u0159ilo zaznamen\u00e1vat u \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f\ns neuropsychiatrick\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm sign\u00e1ly v jejich mozc\u00edch soub\u011b\u017en\u011b s\np\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi projevy chov\u00e1n\u00ed u nich doma. Tyto mozkov\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly n\u00e1m mohou pomoci\npoznat rozd\u00edl mezi t\u00edm, kdy n\u011bkdo za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edznaky obsedantn\u011b kompulzivn\u00ed\nporuchy a kdy ne,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 biomedic\u00ednsk\u00e1 in\u017een\u00fdrka Nicole Provenzaov\u00e1 z\nBrownovy univerzity na Rhode Islandu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 k mapov\u00e1n\u00ed mozkov\u00e9 aktivity mohou podle\nn\u00ed mozek tak\u00e9 stimulovat, co\u017e by mohl b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edslib mo\u017en\u00e9ho zp\u016fsobu l\u00e9\u010dby u t\u011bch\nlid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed na jin\u00e9 terapie nereagovali. Nov\u00e1 studie proto rozv\u00edj\u00ed my\u0161lenku\nv\u00fdvoje adaptivn\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed schopn\u00e9ho upravovat elektrick\u00e9 impulsy v reakci na\nbiomarkery, ani\u017e by pacienti museli neust\u00e1le nav\u0161t\u011bvovat l\u00e9ka\u0159e. Pokud by se\nl\u00e9\u010dba pou\u017e\u00edvala pouze tehdy, kdy\u017e byly p\u0159\u00edznaky nejhor\u0161\u00ed, potenci\u00e1ln\u011b by to\nomezilo vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky, jako jsou bolesti hlavy a pot\u00ed\u017ee se soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
„OCD je porucha s velmi variabiln\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enost\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f\nb\u011bhem \u010dasu a m\u016f\u017ee ji vyvolat spou\u0161t\u011b\u010d z okoln\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1\nbiomedic\u00ednsk\u00fd in\u017een\u00fdr David Borton z Brownovy univerzity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
„Syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd by dok\u00e1zal upravit intenzitu stimulace v\nreakci na p\u0159\u00edznaky, by mohl pacient\u016fm poskytnout v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00falevu p\u0159i men\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtu\nvedlej\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f. Ale abychom tuto technologii umo\u017enili, mus\u00edme nejprve\nidentifikovat biomarkery v mozku spojen\u00e9 se symptomy obsedantn\u011b-kompulzivn\u00ed\nporuchy. A pr\u00e1v\u011b na tom pracujeme v t\u00e9to studii,“ dodal Barton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pot\u0159eba je dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00fdm byl zat\u00edm schopen identifikovat mozkov\u00e9 vzorce\npotenci\u00e1ln\u011b spojen\u00e9 s poruchou v tzv. kortiko-striat\u00e1ln\u00ed-thalamo-kortik\u00e1ln\u00ed\nsmy\u010dce, co\u017e je spojen\u00ed mezi mozkovou k\u016frou, baz\u00e1ln\u00edmi ganglii (sou\u010d\u00e1stmi \u0161ed\u00e9\nhmoty mozkov\u00e9 pod\u00edlej\u00edc\u00edmi se na schopnosti mozku vytv\u00e1\u0159et a \u0159\u00eddit pohyb a na\nschopnosti pozn\u00e1vat a u\u010dit se) a thalamem, tedy mezimozkov\u00fdm hrbolem, kter\u00fd je\nseskupen\u00edm senzorick\u00fdch, asocia\u010dn\u00edch a nespecifick\u00fdch jader.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Podle v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f nicm\u00e9n\u011b zat\u00edm nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, co by tyto\nsign\u00e1ly mohly znamenat, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b, jak by se s nimi dalo manipulovat. Na to by\nse m\u011bl zam\u011b\u0159it budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum, kter\u00fd by zahrnoval v\u00edce \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f sledovan\u00fdch po\ndel\u0161\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed. U\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm datov\u00fdm zdrojem, jen\u017e nebyl zahrnut do aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed\nstudie, je podle nich nap\u0159\u00edklad ka\u017edodenn\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Obsedantn\u011b kompulzivn\u00ed porucha je komplexn\u00ed posti\u017een\u00ed, je\u017e\nkomplikuje lidem \u017eivot mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby, proto by podle v\u011bdc\u016f mohl b\u00fdt\nnejlep\u0161\u00ed cestou vp\u0159ed personalizovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
„Na\u0161\u00edm c\u00edlem je porozum\u011bt tomu, co n\u00e1m tyto mozkov\u00e9\nz\u00e1znamy \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, a natr\u00e9novat za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, aby rozpozn\u00e1valo ur\u010dit\u00e9 vzorce spojen\u00e9\nse specifick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 neurolog Sameer Sheth z Baylorovy l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9\nfakulty v Texasu. „\u010c\u00edm l\u00e9pe rozum\u00edme tomu, jak se zdrav\u00ed a nemoci\npodepisuj\u00ed na nervov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed jsou na\u0161e \u0161ance na \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou l\u00e9\u010dbu tak\nn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch mozkov\u00fdch posti\u017een\u00ed, jako je obsedantn\u011b kompulzivn\u00ed porucha.“<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jaroslav Krupka<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Den\u00edk.cz<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.denik.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Neurotick\u00e1 du\u0161evn\u00ed porucha, projevuj\u00edc\u00ed se neodbytn\u00fdm nutk\u00e1n\u00edm opakovan\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bt ur\u010dit\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly, m\u016f\u017ee v dosp\u011bl\u00e9 populaci postihovat a\u017e dva lidi ze sta. Nyn\u00ed v\u011bdci poprv\u00e9 zachytili […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1875,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37013","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37013","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37013"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37013\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1875"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37013"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37013"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}