Pokud jste star\u0161\u00ed mu\u017e a tr\u00e1p\u00ed v\u00e1s \u010dast\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry, m\u011bl byste zpozorn\u011bt. Podle nov\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu toti\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u00fdskyt zl\u00fdch sn\u016f v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku prvotn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edznakem \u010di p\u0159edzv\u011bst\u00ed Parkinsonovy choroby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry jsou s t\u00edmto neurologick\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm spojov\u00e1ny ji\u017e dlouho, zejm\u00e9na u mu\u017e\u016f, ale studie, zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 v odborn\u00e9m \u010dasopise EClinicalMedicine, je prvn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 zkoum\u00e1, zda jsou tyto p\u0159\u00edznaky varov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159ed Parkinsonovou chorobou, nebo jej\u00edm vedlej\u0161\u00edm produktem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159i sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zdravotn\u00edho stavu 3 818 star\u0161\u00edch mu\u017e\u016f s typick\u00fdm fungov\u00e1n\u00edm mozku po dobu dvan\u00e1cti let v\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee ti, kte\u0159\u00ed za\u017e\u00edvali \u010dast\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry, m\u011bli dvakr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee se u nich Parkinsonova choroba rozvine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U v\u011bt\u0161iny z t\u011bch, kter\u00fdm se \u010dasto zd\u00e1ly zl\u00e9 sny, se diagn\u00f3za rozvinula b\u011bhem prvn\u00edch p\u011bti let pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Anal\u00fdza sn\u016f jak sou\u010d\u00e1st vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00fdsledky proto vedou k teorii, kter\u00e1 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee by star\u0161\u00ed dosp\u011bl\u00ed mohli b\u00fdt na Parkinsonovu chorobu vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1ni i tak, \u017ee se jich l\u00e9ka\u0159 bude pt\u00e1t na obsah jejich sn\u016f. Pot\u00e9 by se mohly pou\u017e\u00edt v\u010dasn\u00e9 intervence, kter\u00e9 by odd\u00e1lily n\u00e1stup fyzick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, jako je t\u0159es, ztuhlost a zpomalen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f Parkinsonovy nemoci je toti\u017e v\u010dasn\u00e1 diagnostika, p\u00ed\u0161e server Science Alert. V dob\u011b, kdy v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed zjist\u00ed, \u017ee onemocn\u011bla, m\u00e1 ji\u017e o 60 a\u017e 80 procent neuron\u016f uvol\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch dopamin v \u010d\u00e1sti mozkov\u00e9ho kmene m\u00e9n\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159edchoz\u00ed studie stejn\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumn\u00edka, Abidemiho Otaiku z Birminghamsk\u00e9 univerzity ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii, nav\u00edc zjistila, \u017ee u pacient\u016f s t\u00ed\u017eiv\u00fdmi sny je p\u011btkr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost rychl\u00e9ho n\u00e1stupu a pr\u016fb\u011bhu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eI kdy\u017e je t\u0159eba v t\u00e9to oblasti prov\u00e9st dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum, identifikace v\u00fdznamu zl\u00fdch sn\u016f a no\u010dn\u00edch m\u016fr by mohla nazna\u010dit, \u017ee jedinci, kte\u0159\u00ed ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku poci\u0165uj\u00ed zm\u011bny sv\u00fdch sn\u016f, a to bez zjevn\u00e9ho spou\u0161t\u011b\u010de, by m\u011bli vyhledat l\u00e9ka\u0159skou pomoc,\u201c p\u00ed\u0161e ve studii neurolog Otaiku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hlavn\u00ed poznatky z v\u00fdzkumu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Souvislost mezi sp\u00e1nkem a Parkinsonovou chorobou zkoumaj\u00ed v\u011bdci u\u017e n\u011bkolik let. Zhruba \u010dtvrtina pacient\u016f s Parkinsonovou chorobou uv\u00e1d\u00ed \u010dast\u00e9 znepokojiv\u00e9 sny od okam\u017eiku stanoven\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee se jim zl\u00e9 sny zd\u00e1ly a\u017e deset let p\u0159ed diagnostikou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed studie nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee lid\u00e9 s Parkinsonovou chorobou maj\u00ed \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee budou m\u00edt \u010dast\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry, ne\u017e lid\u00e9 z b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 populace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U pacient\u016f s Parkinsonovou chorobou se tak\u00e9 \u010dast\u011bji vyskytuj\u00ed poruchy sp\u00e1nku s rychl\u00fdmi o\u010dn\u00edmi pohyby (REM), co\u017e je f\u00e1ze, ve kter\u00e9 se \u010dlov\u011bku sny zdaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dosud v\u0161ak nebylo jasn\u00e9, zda jsou tyto p\u0159\u00edznaky vedlej\u0161\u00edm produktem Parkinsonovy choroby, nebo prodrom\u00e1ln\u00ed, co\u017e je term\u00edn, kter\u00fd v\u011bdci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro drobn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky, kter\u00e9 se objevuj\u00ed p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se na sc\u00e9n\u011b objev\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky hlavn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sou\u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum pom\u00e1h\u00e1 toto rozli\u0161en\u00ed objasnit sledov\u00e1n\u00edm velk\u00e9ho vzorku star\u0161\u00edch mu\u017e\u016f po dobu v\u00edce ne\u017e deseti let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ve studii byla u \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed sami uv\u00e1d\u011bli \u010dast\u00e9 znepokojiv\u00e9 sny, dvakr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee se u nich v pr\u016fb\u011bhu dvan\u00e1cti let rozvine Parkinsonova choroba. Nav\u00edc v prvn\u00edch \u010dty\u0159ech letech studie byly \u010dast\u00e9 znepokojiv\u00e9 sny spojeny s \u0161estin\u00e1sobn\u00fdm zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm rizika vzniku jin\u00e9ho neurologick\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bez dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu, kter\u00fd by m\u011b\u0159il aktivitu mozku b\u011bhem sp\u00e1nku, je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u0159\u00edci, co se d\u011bje na biologick\u00e9 \u00farovni u pacient\u016f s Parkinsonovou chorobou, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mu\u017ei s Parkinsonovou chorobou maj\u00ed tendenci m\u00edt v\u00edce ru\u0161iv\u00fdch sn\u016f, ne\u017e \u017eeny se stejn\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm. Pro\u010d tomu tak je, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejasn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jednou z hypot\u00e9z je, \u017ee pozdn\u00ed n\u00e1stup no\u010dn\u00edch m\u016fr je u n\u011bkter\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f \u010dasn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edznakem neurodegenerace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u017deny maj\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee budou m\u00edt pravideln\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry na po\u010d\u00e1tku \u017eivota, ale po 65. roce v\u011bku je mu\u017ei za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed doh\u00e1n\u011bt. Mo\u017en\u00e1 se jim s p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u011bkem m\u011bn\u00ed \u010deln\u00ed mozkov\u00e1 k\u016fra, kter\u00e1 reguluje emoce b\u011bhem sp\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u011bdci nyn\u00ed pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt elektroencefalografii (EEG), aby zjistili, \u010d\u00edm by to mohlo b\u00fdt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Co je Parkinsonova nemoc?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jde neurodegenerativn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed nervov\u00e9 soustavy, kter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo souvis\u00ed s \u00fabytkem nervov\u00fdch bun\u011bk v \u010d\u00e1sti mozku nazvan\u00e9 Substantia nigra (\u010dern\u00e1 substance). Tyto bu\u0148ky za norm\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu produkuj\u00ed dopamin, co\u017e je neurotransmiter (p\u0159ena\u0161e\u010d), kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje p\u0159enos sign\u00e1l\u016f mezi nervov\u00fdmi bu\u0148kami (neurony). Nedostatek dopaminu zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee pacient postupn\u011b nen\u00ed schopen ovl\u00e1dat nebo kontrolovat sv\u016fj pohyb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Parkinsonova choroba je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 ji\u017e od starov\u011bku. Poprv\u00e9 v\u0161ak byla pops\u00e1na roku 1817 lond\u00fdnsk\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159em Jamesem Parkinsonem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed riziko v\u00fdskytu Parkinsonovy choroby se objevuje u lid\u00ed nad pades\u00e1t let. Zhruba u 15 % pacient\u016f se ale nemoc m\u016f\u017ee objevit u\u017e p\u0159ed \u010dty\u0159ic\u00edtkou a ve v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech je\u0161t\u011b d\u0159\u00edve (nap\u0159. u herce Michaela J. Foxe, zakladatele nadace pro v\u00fdzkum Parkinsonovy nemoci). Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdskyt Parkinsonovy choroby v\u0161ak nelze p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt. Dosud neexistuj\u00ed d\u016fkazy, kter\u00e9 by vysv\u011btlovaly v\u00fdskyt tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. V\u011bdci se v\u0161ak klon\u00ed k teorii, \u017ee nemoc m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt d\u016fsledkem genetick\u00fdch predispozic a vlivu vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pacient\u016fm v \u010cR pom\u00e1h\u00e1 nap\u0159. sdru\u017een\u00ed Parkinson-help, l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 centra ve fakultn\u00edch nemocnic\u00edch v Praze, Brn\u011b a Olomouci \u010di specializovan\u00e1 neuropsychiatrick\u00e1 klinika Institut neuropsychiatrick\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de (INEP). Touto nemoc\u00ed v \u010cesku trp\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10\u201315 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Projevy Parkinsonovy choroby<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pacienti mohou n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t denn\u011b budit dojem t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zdrav\u00fdch lid\u00ed a na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b s vyp\u011bt\u00edm sil jenom ztuhle sed\u011bt \u010di naopak trp\u011bt mimovoln\u00fdmi pohyby. \u010cast\u00fdm projevem jsou t\u0159es \u010di pocity \u00fanavy a ztuhlosti v kon\u010detin\u00e1ch a z\u00e1dech, k\u0159e\u010de, \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1cpa a probl\u00e9my se span\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e1sleduje zpomalen\u00ed ch\u016fze a zhor\u0161en\u00e1 mimika. Jedn\u00edm z prvn\u00edch varovn\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt klidov\u00fd t\u0159es rukou, zhor\u0161en\u00ed \u010dichu a chuti. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku m\u016f\u017ee t\u0159es postihnout jen jednu kon\u010detinu a teprve postupem \u010dasu postihuje ob\u011b strany. \u010casto t\u0159esem trp\u00ed horn\u00ed a doln\u00ed kon\u010detiny k\u0159\u00ed\u017eem, tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad prav\u00e1 ruka a z\u00e1rove\u0148 lev\u00e1 noha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Parkinsonick\u00fd t\u0159es m\u016f\u017ee zachv\u00e1tit taky jazyk, rty a krk. V pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1zi onemocn\u011bn\u00ed \u010dasto doprov\u00e1z\u00ed samovoln\u00e9 pohyby a posti\u017een\u00e9mu se \u0161patn\u011b artikuluje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(Zdroj: Wikipedie)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Magdal\u00e9na \u0160kapov\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Den\u00edk<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.denik.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Pokud jste star\u0161\u00ed mu\u017e a tr\u00e1p\u00ed v\u00e1s \u010dast\u00e9 no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry, m\u011bl byste zpozorn\u011bt. Podle nov\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu toti\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u00fdskyt zl\u00fdch sn\u016f v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3721,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37758","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37758","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37758"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37758\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3721"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37758"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}