K\u00fdch\u00e1te? M\u00e1te st\u00e1le ucpan\u00fd nos? Sv\u011bd\u00ed v\u00e1s o\u010di? Symptomy nachlazen\u00ed nebo alergie. D\u00edky tepl\u00e9 zim\u011b se s aktivn\u00edmi alergeny ke\u0159e l\u00edsky nebo b\u0159\u00edzy setk\u00e1v\u00e1me u\u017e nyn\u00ed. Jak tedy rozpoznat, jestli jde jen o nachlazen\u00ed nebo alergii?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zmaten\u00fd imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po\u010det alergik\u016f rapidn\u011b stoup\u00e1. \u201eM\u016f\u017ee za to hlavn\u011b ztr\u00e1ta souzn\u011bn\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edrodou. Mnohem v\u00edc l\u00e9t\u00e1me do r\u016fzn\u00fdch kout\u016f sv\u011bta, j\u00edme ovoce a zeleninu, kter\u00e9 se p\u011bstuj\u00ed v jin\u00fdch zem\u00edch, a tomu, na\u010d jsme alergi\u010dt\u00ed, se vyh\u00fdb\u00e1me,\u201c vysv\u011btluje imunolog Radek Klubal, kter\u00fd se tak\u00e9 op\u00edr\u00e1 o p\u0159edky. Ti \u017eili ve sv\u00fdch domovech, jedli, co jim vyrostlo na poli a zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jako p\u0159\u00edklad uv\u00e1d\u00ed ke\u0159 l\u00edsku. Jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch alergen\u016f, kter\u00fd uvol\u0148uje pyly u\u017e velmi brzy na ja\u0159e a p\u0159i tepl\u00e9 zim\u011b, kter\u00e1 je tady posledn\u00edch p\u00e1r let, je\u0161t\u011b mnohem d\u0159\u00edve. \u201eP\u0159itom by sta\u010dilo j\u00edst na podzim l\u00edskov\u00e9 o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ky. U\u017e z t\u011bchto plod\u016f dost\u00e1v\u00e1me do t\u011bla alergeny, kter\u00e9 se s p\u0159\u00edchodem jara, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed pylov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dek nemus\u00ed v\u016fbec jako alergen projevit,\u201c uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Radek Klubal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Alergie je nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 reakce imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu na l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 se vyskytuj\u00ed v na\u0161em okol\u00ed a pro v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed jsou ne\u0161kodn\u00e9. T\u011bmto spou\u0161t\u011b\u010d\u016fm \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me alergeny. Zpravidla se jedn\u00e1 o r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy potravin, rozto\u010de, psy, ko\u010dky, hmyz\u00ed p\u00edchnut\u00ed \u010di pyly rostlin a strom\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina nar\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edho po\u010dtu alergick\u00fdch chorob nen\u00ed st\u00e1le zcela jasn\u00e1. Alergie nem\u00e1 jen genetickou predispozici. Alergie se m\u016f\u017ee spustit kdykoliv b\u011bhem \u017eivota. Spou\u0161t\u011b\u010dem \u010dasto b\u00fdv\u00e1 stres, zhor\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se prost\u0159ed\u00ed a nevhodn\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl (\u0161patn\u00e1 strava, kou\u0159en\u00ed, nedostatek pohybu, nadu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed antibiotik, p\u0159em\u00edra o\u010dkovac\u00edch l\u00e1tek). Nepochybn\u011b v\u0161e prob\u00edh\u00e1 na genetick\u00e9m podklad\u011b. D\u011bti rodi\u010d\u016f, z nich\u017e oba jsou alergici, maj\u00ed alergick\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a\u017e v 80 procentech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Alergeny se dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do organismu nej\u010dast\u011bji d\u00fdchac\u00edm \u00fastroj\u00edm nebo za\u017e\u00edvac\u00edm \u00fastroj\u00edm a poko\u017ekou. Lze tak p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee alergick\u00e9 astma nebo alergick\u00e1 konjunktivitida vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i kontaktu s inhala\u010dn\u00edmi alergeny a ekz\u00e9my p\u0159i kontaktu alergen\u016f s k\u016f\u017e\u00ed. Tato \u00favaha je v\u0161ak nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1. Br\u00e1na vstupu alergenu do organismu v\u011bt\u0161inou nerozhoduje o org\u00e1nov\u00e9m posti\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
O vzniku astmatu, rinokonjunktivitidy nebo ekz\u00e9mu patrn\u011b rozhoduje vrozen\u00e1 org\u00e1nov\u00e1 predispozice. Pro\u010d do 3.-4. roku klinicky dominuj\u00ed potravinov\u00e9 alergeny a pro\u010d se vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 alergeny prosazuj\u00ed a\u017e v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku, nen\u00ed dosud jasn\u00e9. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na stupni zralosti\/v\u00fdvoji za\u017e\u00edvac\u00edho traktu, k\u016f\u017ee nebo sliznic d\u00fdchac\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Inkub\u00e1tor pro alergeny<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K l\u00e9\u010db\u011b alergi\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u011b kortikoidy, l\u00e9ky na alergii, kapky a injekce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Na ot\u00e1zku, jestli lze do budoucna alergie \u0159e\u0161it i jinou modern\u00ed metodou, ne\u017e pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto podp\u016frn\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f, imunolog Radek Klubal reagoval velmi pozitivn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eM\u016f\u017eeme se vr\u00e1tit k souladu s p\u0159\u00edrodou nebo vyu\u017e\u00edt nov\u00e9ho trendu v medic\u00edn\u011b. Provedu v\u00e1m odb\u011br krve, kter\u00e1 obsahuje \u010derven\u00e9 a b\u00edl\u00e9 krvinky. Ty b\u00edl\u00e9 jsou podstatou na\u0161eho imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. P\u0159enesu je do inkub\u00e1toru a s t\u011bmito b\u00edl\u00fdmi krvinkami mohu c\u00edlen\u011b v inkub\u00e1toru pracovat. M\u016f\u017eu je aktivovat, \u010deho\u017e se tak\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b onkologick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eu je uklid\u0148ovat, co\u017e n\u00e1m pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed alergi\u00ed nebo autoimunit. Tyto imunitn\u00ed bu\u0148ky, pokud je dob\u0159e vyberu i s typy b\u00edl\u00fdch krvinek (\u0159\u00edk\u00e1m jim u\u010ditel\u00e9), vychov\u00e1m a vr\u00e1t\u00edm zp\u00e1tky do organismu ve form\u011b n\u011bjak\u00e9 infuze. Tito u\u010ditel\u00e9 maj\u00ed pak tendenci v na\u0161em t\u011ble p\u0159irozen\u011b informovat zbytek t\u00e9 imunity o t\u011bch zm\u011bn\u00e1ch a imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m se zklidn\u00ed.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bohumila \u010cih\u00e1kov\u00e1: Vzduch je \u010dist\u00fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Miluji jaro, pu\u010den\u00ed v\u0161ech strom\u016f a kv\u011btin a nejv\u00edc v\u016fn\u00ed posekan\u00e9 tr\u00e1vy. Te\u010f se jist\u011b alergik\u016fm je\u017e\u00ed vlasy na hlav\u011b nebo se jim z t\u00e9to p\u0159edstavy ud\u011blala p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u011b vyr\u00e1\u017eka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00e1m to \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, tedy zat\u00edm, \u017ee do skupiny alergik\u016f nespad\u00e1m. I proto m\u011b znepokojila zpr\u00e1va pediatra m\u00e9 dcery, kter\u00fd jej\u00ed \u010dast\u00e9 nemoci a \u00fanavy p\u0159isuzoval pr\u00e1v\u011b alergii. Absolvovali jsme s n\u00ed n\u011bkolik test\u016f, odb\u011br\u016f krve a d\u016fsledn\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed ka\u0161le, r\u00fdmy a d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed v dob\u011b v\u00fdskytu alergen\u016f v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b. Po p\u00e1r t\u00fddnech jsme si vyslechli verdikt: \u201eNem\u00e1te alergick\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b. M\u016f\u017eete b\u00fdt v klidu,\u201c ujistila m\u011b tenkr\u00e1t pan\u00ed alergolo\u017eka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pro klid du\u0161e jsem doma odstranila v\u0161echny z\u00e1v\u011bsy, p\u0159ehozy, zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159e a kobere\u010dky. Vys\u00e1vala jsem n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t denn\u011b. P\u0159ipadala jsem ji jako Mr. Proper z reklamy na \u010distidlo. Ot\u00e1zka, tedy sp\u00ed\u0161e konstatov\u00e1n\u00ed pediatra p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b s op\u011bt nemocnou dcerou, \u017ee za to m\u016f\u017ee mo\u017en\u00e1 n\u00e1\u0161 kocour, m\u011b vnit\u0159n\u011b natolik popudilo, \u017ee jsem si v duchu \u0159ekla: \u201eTak tady jsme dceru\u0161ko naposledy. N\u00e1\u0161 milovan\u00fd kocour? To ur\u010dit\u011b,\u201c b\u011b\u017eelo mi hlavou. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b mi to v n\u00ed st\u00e1le vrtalo. To nepop\u00edr\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jela jsem je\u0161t\u011b ten den do elektra pro \u010disti\u010dku vzduchu. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 mi tenkr\u00e1t nep\u0159ipadala dobr\u00e1. Ani recenze, kter\u00e9 jsem hledala, nebyly kdo v\u00ed jak\u00e9. Tak\u017ee jsem si nechala doporu\u010dit \u010disti\u010dku p\u0159\u00edmo alergikem. Kdo jin\u00fd u\u017e by mohl v\u011bd\u011bt l\u00edp, pomyslela jsem si. \u010cisti\u010dka od firmy Dyson dorazila obratem. To, \u017ee m\u00e1 dokonal\u00fd design, byla u\u017e jen t\u0159e\u0161ni\u010dka na dortu. Kdy\u017e jsem z \u010disti\u010dky vyndala filtr, musela jsem si to tenkr\u00e1t i vyfotit, co v\u0161echno tam ulp\u011blo. Tehdy jsem vid\u011bla, co v\u0161echno vdechujeme, v \u010dem se pohybujeme. A to bylo jen u n\u00e1s doma, kde by se z podlahy dalo i j\u00edst.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S dcerou jsme nakonec odjeli na n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f do l\u00e1zn\u00ed. M\u011bla toti\u017e \u0161patnou r\u016fstovou imunitu, jak se uk\u00e1zalo po opakovan\u00fdch vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edch. Z\u00e1v\u011bsy u n\u00e1s st\u00e1l\u00e9 nevis\u00ed, pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159ky jsem vr\u00e1tila a kobere\u010dky maj\u00ed holky v pokoj\u00ed\u010dku jako dekoraci a na mazlen\u00ed. \u010cisti\u010dku zap\u00edn\u00e1me po\u0159\u00e1d, proto\u017ee ten pocit, \u017ee vzduch je \u010dist\u00fd, je opravdu uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Druhy alergen\u016f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pyly d\u0159evin, travin a bylin<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pylov\u00e9 alergie, tzv. polin\u00f3zy, maj\u00ed charakteristicky sezonn\u00ed charakter. V jarn\u00edm obdob\u00ed dominuj\u00ed pyly d\u0159evin, v l\u00e9t\u011b pyly travin a na podzim pyly vysokobylinn\u00fdch plevel\u016f. Schopnost alergizovat je u r\u016fzn\u00fdch rostlin r\u016fzn\u00e1. Nap\u0159\u00edklad d\u00edky p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edm nekultivovan\u00fdm ploch\u00e1m na s\u00eddli\u0161t\u00edch, kde se da\u0159\u00ed zejm\u00e9na rostlin\u00e1m s agresivn\u00edmi pylov\u00fdmi alergeny (pelyn\u011bk \u010dernob\u00fdl, boj\u00ednek lu\u010dn\u00ed, p\u00fdr plaziv\u00fd, tomka vonn\u00e1, ovs\u00edk vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd apod.) do\u0161lo k vzestupu projev\u016f polin\u00f3zy. Koncentrace pyl\u016f v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed je tak\u00e9 ovlivn\u011bna po\u010das\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dom\u00e1c\u00ed prach<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dom\u00e1c\u00ed prach je bohat\u00fdm zdrojem bytov\u00fdch alergen\u016f. Je tvo\u0159en chemick\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami a biologick\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem typu bakteri\u00ed, pl\u00edsn\u00ed, lidsk\u00fdch a zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch odpad\u016f, rozto\u010d\u016f. Pravideln\u00e9 v\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edstnost\u00ed v obdob\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9ho stavu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed vede k regulaci domovn\u00ed teploty a relativn\u00ed vlhkosti vzduchu. T\u00edm nep\u0159\u00edmo kles\u00e1 koncentrace alergen\u016f v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jak p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt alergickou sezonu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– St\u00e1hn\u011bte si mobiln\u00ed aplikaci Pyly.cz a sledujte pylov\u00e9 zpravodajstv\u00ed a za\u010dn\u011bte br\u00e1t pr\u00e1\u0161ky doporu\u010den\u00e9 va\u0161\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159em t\u00fdden p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem va\u0161\u00ed sezony.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Vyh\u00fdbejte se pohybu venku ve ve\u010dern\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch. Alergie jsou nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kolem 18-19 hodiny ve\u010dern\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Vyh\u00fdbejte se zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdm oblastem v dob\u011b se\u010den\u00ed a sklizn\u011b, p\u0159i nich\u017e \u010dasto doch\u00e1z\u00ed k rozv\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed alergen\u016f do okol\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– D\u00e9\u0161\u0165 \u010dist\u00ed vzduch a spl\u00e1chne alergeny. Po de\u0161ti je tedy nejlep\u0161\u00ed \u010das, kdy vyrazit na v\u00fdlet do p\u0159\u00edrody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Neku\u0159te.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– V plynov\u00e9 sez\u00f3n\u011b noste venku rou\u0161ku \u010di \u0161\u00e1tek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Pou\u017e\u00edvejte no\u010dn\u00ed a o\u010dn\u00ed kapky s mo\u0159skou vodou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Kupte si \u010disti\u010dku vzduchu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Pravideln\u011b perte zejm\u00e9na oble\u010den\u00ed na ven.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Pou\u017e\u00edvejte hypoalergenn\u00ed povle\u010den\u00ed a l\u016f\u017ekoviny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bohumila \u010cih\u00e1kov\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Den\u00edk.cz<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.denik.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" K\u00fdch\u00e1te? M\u00e1te st\u00e1le ucpan\u00fd nos? Sv\u011bd\u00ed v\u00e1s o\u010di? Symptomy nachlazen\u00ed nebo alergie. D\u00edky tepl\u00e9 zim\u011b se s aktivn\u00edmi alergeny ke\u0159e l\u00edsky nebo b\u0159\u00edzy setk\u00e1v\u00e1me u\u017e nyn\u00ed. Jak […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21426,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=38491"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38491\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21426"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=38491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=38491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=38491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}