Experti v ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 studii zjistili, \u017ee ran\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky Alzheimerovy choroby je mo\u017en\u00e9 vid\u011bt na o\u010d\u00edch posti\u017een\u00e9ho. Oko tak m\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm pomoct v diagnostice t\u00e9to z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 nemoci je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se za\u010dnou projevovat jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky. Pak u\u017e je obvykle pozd\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
O\u010di nejsou jenom oknem do du\u0161e, nov\u011b jsou i oknem do mozku. Alespo\u0148 si to mysl\u00ed oftalmolo\u017eka Christine Greerov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 pracuje jako \u0159editelka l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v Institutu pro neurodegenerativn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v Boca Raton na Florid\u011b. Se sv\u00fdm t\u00fdmem pracovala na studii, kde zkoumala, jak m\u016f\u017eou l\u00e9ka\u0159i poznat ran\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky Alzheimerovy choroby pomoc\u00ed pohledu do o\u010d\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nakonec zjistila, \u017ee je to opravdu mo\u017en\u00e9. \u201ePohledem do zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti oka, sm\u011brem k optick\u00e9mu nervu a s\u00edtnici, m\u016f\u017eete nahl\u00e9dnout p\u0159\u00edmo do nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu,\u201c citoval odbornici port\u00e1l CNN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V zat\u00edm nejkomplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed studii sv\u00e9ho druhu zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v \u010dasopise Acta Neuropathologica v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm zkoumal darovanou tk\u00e1\u0148 ze s\u00edtnice a mozku 86 lid\u00ed s r\u016fzn\u00fdm stupn\u011bm ment\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fapadku, v\u010detn\u011b Alzheimerovy choroby. Vzorky shroma\u017e\u010fovali \u010dtrn\u00e1ct let. Jedn\u00e1 se o nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed skupinu exempl\u00e1\u0159\u016f s\u00edtnice, kter\u00e1 kdy byla analyzov\u00e1na. Experti pak porovnali vzorky od d\u00e1rc\u016f s norm\u00e1ln\u00edmi kognitivn\u00edmi funkcemi s t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed trp\u011bli m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed kognitivn\u00ed poruchy, i s t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed byli posti\u017een\u00ed pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm st\u00e1diem Alzheimerovy choroby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u00edtnice ukazuj\u00edc\u00ed na z\u00e1n\u011bt<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nakonec zjistili, \u017ee s\u00edtnice pacient\u016f s m\u00edrnou kognitivn\u00ed poruchou a Alzheimerovou chorobou m\u011bly nadm\u011brn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed proteinu, kter\u00fd tvo\u0159\u00ed \u201eplaky\u201c, je\u017e se hromad\u00ed v mozc\u00edch lid\u00ed trp\u00edc\u00edch nebezpe\u010dnou nemoc\u00ed. V s\u00edtnic\u00edch se jim tak poda\u0159ilo naj\u00edt markery, tedy identifika\u010dn\u00ed znaky z\u00e1n\u011btu. Port\u00e1l Fox News tak\u00e9 p\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee s\u00edtnice nav\u00edc obsahovaly bu\u0148ky zvan\u00e9 mikroglie, kter\u00e9 jsou spojen\u00e9 s postupem nemoc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eZm\u011bny na s\u00edtnici vz\u00e1jemn\u011b souvisely se zm\u011bnami v \u010d\u00e1stech mozku zvan\u00fdch entorhin\u00e1ln\u00ed a tempor\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u016fra, co\u017e je centrum pro pam\u011b\u0165, navigaci a vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasu,\u201c uvedla hlavn\u00ed autorka studie a profesorka neurochirurgie a biomedic\u00ednsk\u00fdch v\u011bd v Cedars-Sinai v Los Angeles Maya Koronyo-Hamaouiov\u00e1. Podobn\u011b se daly prvotn\u00ed n\u00e1znaky nemoci rozpoznat i u lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed byli kompletn\u011b bez p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f. Kognitivn\u00ed stav p\u0159itom p\u0159edpov\u00eddaly hlavn\u011b atrofie tk\u00e1n\u011b a z\u00e1n\u011bt v bu\u0148k\u00e1ch nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch se na periferii s\u00edtnice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u010dasn\u00e9 odhalen\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00fdzkum m\u00e1 velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Potenci\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159edstavuje metodu, d\u00edky kter\u00e9 by l\u00e9ka\u0159i mohli z\u00e1ke\u0159nou nemoc podchytit p\u0159esn\u011b a hlavn\u011b v\u010das. \u201eAlzheimerova choroba za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v mozku des\u00edtky let p\u0159ed prvn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edznaky ztr\u00e1ty pam\u011bti,\u201c p\u0159ipomn\u011bl neurolog Richard Isaacson, kter\u00fd rovn\u011b\u017e p\u016fsob\u00ed v Institutu pro neurodegenerativn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u010dasn\u00e9ho odhalen\u00ed mohou posti\u017een\u00ed zvolit zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl a kontrolovat potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed rizikov\u00e9 faktory, jako je vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak nebo vysok\u00e1 hladina cholesterolu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 skenov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00edtnice?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e9ka\u0159i by tak\u00e9 mohli pozorovat jej\u00ed v\u00fdvoj neinvazivn\u011b a cenov\u011b dostupn\u011b, pouze pohledem do oka. V ne tak vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 budoucnosti bude dokonce mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat sken sv\u00e9 s\u00edtnice, kter\u00fd poskytne \u201eotisk mozku\u201c ozna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed ran\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je t\u0159eba demence. Je v\u0161ak st\u00e1le zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdzkum\u016f pro lep\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed vztahu mezi vzhledem s\u00edtnice a Alzheimerovou chorobou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zapom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 naru\u0161uje ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Alzheimerova choroba postupn\u011b ni\u010d\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165 a kognitivn\u00ed schopnosti v\u010detn\u011b my\u0161len\u00ed a rovn\u011b\u017e ovliv\u0148uje chov\u00e1n\u00ed a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed dovednosti. Nemoc zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee se mozek zmen\u0161uje a mozkov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky odum\u00edraj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mezi jej\u00ed \u010dast\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky pat\u0159\u00ed zapom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed nebo rozhovor\u016f, postupem \u010dasu m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt a\u017e ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b schopnosti vykon\u00e1vat ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u00fakoly. Alzheimerova choroba je tak\u00e9 nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou demence. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b p\u0159itom neexistuje jedin\u00fd test, kter\u00fd by ji dok\u00e1zal spolehliv\u011b diagnostikovat. Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby l\u00e9\u010dby nav\u00edc jen zpomaluj\u00ed postup nemoci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kate\u0159ina Rak\u00fasov\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Den\u00edk.cz<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/www.denik.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Experti v ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 studii zjistili, \u017ee ran\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky Alzheimerovy choroby je mo\u017en\u00e9 vid\u011bt na o\u010d\u00edch posti\u017een\u00e9ho. Oko tak m\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm pomoct v diagnostice t\u00e9to z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18882,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38862","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=38862"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38862\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18882"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=38862"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=38862"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=38862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}