{"id":41137,"date":"2023-07-27T12:30:52","date_gmt":"2023-07-27T10:30:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=41137"},"modified":"2023-07-27T12:30:58","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T10:30:58","slug":"lekari-mohou-diky-screeningu-zachytit-stovky-nadoru-plic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=41137","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e9ka\u0159i mohou d\u00edky \u201escreeningu\u201c zachytit stovky n\u00e1dor\u016f plic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u201eM\u00e1te rakovinu plic.\u201c T\u00e9to v\u011bty se boj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd ku\u0159\u00e1k. Karcinom plic toti\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0nel\u00edtostn\u00fdm zabij\u00e1k\u016fm, bez l\u00e9\u010dby nech\u00e1v\u00e1 jedince \u017e\u00edt pouze n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Z\u00e1ke\u0159nost plicn\u00edho karcinomu spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0tom, \u017ee o sob\u011b dlouho ned\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u011bd\u011bt, a kdy\u017e u\u017e se ohl\u00e1s\u00ed, b\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161inou na vyl\u00e9\u010den\u00ed pozd\u011b \u2013 a to dokonce ve v\u00edce ne\u017e 70 %. L\u00e9ka\u0159i bojuj\u00ed proti rakovin\u011b plic v\u0161emi prost\u0159edky, letos jim p\u0159ibydou nov\u00e9. Sna\u017e\u00ed se tak\u00e9 nemoc zachytit d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e se rozbuj\u00ed. U\u017e p\u0159es rok jim v\u00a0tom pom\u00e1h\u00e1 program \u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu karcinomu plic, d\u00edky n\u011bmu\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed odhalit ve f\u00e1zi, kdy je mo\u017en\u00e9 operovat. Tak je zde velk\u00e1 \u0161ance na \u00fapln\u00e9 uzdraven\u00ed. Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed data za rok 2022 zve\u0159ej\u0148uj\u00ed <\/strong>v\u00a0r\u00e1mci Sv\u011btov\u00e9ho dne rakoviny plic, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 1. srpna.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eZ\u00a0p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fdch dat za rok 2022 jsme zaznamenali 70 n\u00e1lez\u016f ur\u010den\u00fdch k\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmu vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. V\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00edm onkologick\u00e9m registru je zaneseno 15 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f a v\u00edce ne\u017e polovina je ve stadiu I, kter\u00e9 je operovateln\u00e9. Postupn\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0dopln\u011bn\u00ed dat z\u00a0nemocnic, a tak bude \u010d\u00edslo ur\u010dit\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Preventivn\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edm zat\u00edm pro\u0161lo p\u0159es 7 000 rizikov\u00fdch jedinc\u016f. Ukazuje se, \u017ee program funguje a \u017ee lid\u00e9, u nich\u017e jsme na\u0161li n\u00e1dory v\u00a0\u010dasn\u00fdch stadi\u00edch, d\u00edky n\u011bmu dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u0161anci se uzdravit,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. MUDr. Martina Koziar Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1, p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 pneumologick\u00e9 a ftizeologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Program \u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu rakoviny plic je ur\u010den lidem mezi 55. a 74. rokem, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed \u201en\u00e1lo\u017e\u201c alespo\u0148 200 000 cigaret \u010dili kou\u0159ili nebo kou\u0159\u00ed bu\u010f po dobu 20 let asi 20 cigaret denn\u011b, nebo 10 let kolem 40 cigaret za den. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b posledn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f z\u00a0dotazn\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 vyplnilo p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2\u00a0000 osob, byl pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd v\u011bk pacient\u016f za\u0159azen\u00fdch do programu 64 let, jsou to p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b mu\u017ei (59 %) a lid\u00e9 se st\u0159edn\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm (66 %). P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40 % v\u0161ech zkontrolovan\u00fdch trp\u00ed nadv\u00e1hou a 25 % obezitou I. stupn\u011b. Celkem 78 % z\u00a0nich je\u0161t\u011b st\u00e1le aktivn\u011b kou\u0159\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201e\u017divotn\u00ed styl v\u010detn\u011b toho, zda \u010dlov\u011bk kou\u0159\u00ed, jestli se h\u00fdbe a jak se stravuje, m\u00e1 na vznik n\u00e1dor\u016f a chronick\u00fdch plicn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv. Nejh\u016f\u0159e jsou na tom ob\u00e9zn\u00ed ku\u0159\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed nav\u00edc holduj\u00ed uzenin\u00e1m,\u201c <\/em>uv\u00e1d\u00ed prof. Koziar Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1. P\u0159esto\u017ee je program \u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu karcinomu plic zac\u00edlen\u00fd na v\u010dasn\u00e9 odhalen\u00ed rakoviny plic, l\u00e9ka\u0159i p\u0159i n\u011bm najdou \u0159adu jin\u00fdch nemoc\u00ed jako nap\u0159\u00edklad chronickou obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoc nebo plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3zu. Podle nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dat se plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3za zjistila u 8 pacient\u016f. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 19 % m\u011blo chronickou obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoc (CHOPN) a 17,8 % chronickou bronchitidu. Ob\u011bma nemocemi trp\u011blo sou\u010dasn\u011b 14,5 % vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00fdch. \u201eJe zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee CHOPN \u010di plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3za rakovin\u011b plic \u010dasto p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b ji doprov\u00e1z\u00ed,\u201c <\/em>dod\u00e1v\u00e1 prof. Koziar Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na program p\u0159\u00edmo navazuje diagnostika a l\u00e9\u010dba ve specializovan\u00fdch centrech, kde se o dal\u0161\u00edm postupu rad\u00ed multidisciplin\u00e1rn\u00ed t\u00fdm slo\u017een\u00fd z\u00a0plicn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e, hrudn\u00edho chirurga, radiodiagnostika, onkologa a radia\u010dn\u00edho onkologa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed nov\u011b akreditovalo 8 pneumoonkochirurgick\u00fdch center, co\u017e je na \u010cesko dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed po\u010det, akreditaci m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 27 radiologick\u00fdch pracovi\u0161\u0165 a tento po\u010det poroste. \u201e\u0160ance pacienta a\u0165 u\u017e na del\u0161\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed, \u010di uzdraven\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry samoz\u0159ejm\u011b na tom, kde je pacient l\u00e9\u010den,\u201c <\/em>vysv\u011btluje prof.\u00a0MUDr. Robert\u00a0Lischke, p\u0159ednosta III. chirurgick\u00e9 kliniky 1. LF UK a FN Motol a vedouc\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00edho programu transplantace plic pro \u010ceskou a Slovenskou republiku.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve specializovan\u00fdch centrech se nemocn\u00e9mu dostane nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby.\u00a0\u201eNap\u0159\u00edklad u\u017e letos u vybran\u00fdch pacient\u016f p\u0159ed t\u00edm, ne\u017e podstoup\u00ed operaci, za\u010dneme s nov\u00fdm protokolem l\u00e9\u010dby. Pacient\u016fm aplikujeme kombinaci imunoterapie a chemoterapie. Studie toti\u017e uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee a\u017e 24 % pacient\u016f se pak n\u00e1doru zcela zbav\u00ed \u2013 dojde k tzv. kompletn\u00ed patologick\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi,\u201c\u00a0<\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1\u00a0prof. Lischke. L\u00e9\u010dba se podle n\u011bj posouv\u00e1 i do \u010dasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch stadi\u00ed n\u00e1dor\u016f.\u00a0\u201eDnes ve sv\u011bt\u011b prob\u00edh\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 300 studi\u00ed protin\u00e1dorov\u00e9 imunoterapie, kter\u00e1 se pod\u00e1v\u00e1 jako prvn\u00ed krok ke zmen\u0161en\u00ed zhoubn\u00e9ho karcinomu p\u0159ed hlavn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbou, kterou je obvykle operace<\/em>,\u201c dopl\u0148uje. Jasn\u00fdm trendem, kter\u00fd bude nejv\u00edce viditeln\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b ve specializovan\u00fdch centrech, je tak\u00e9 podle prof. Lischkeho zapojov\u00e1n\u00ed robotick\u00e9 chirurgie do opera\u010dn\u00edho odstran\u011bn\u00ed karcinomu plic, kter\u00e1 je pro pacienty nej\u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, a p\u0159itom velmi radik\u00e1ln\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aby se pacient do\u010dkal rychle co nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby, je t\u0159eba prov\u00e9st kvalitn\u00ed odb\u011br \u010d\u00e1sti n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b p\u0159i bronchoskopick\u00e9m vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edt jin\u00e9 metody, pokud nen\u00ed plicn\u00ed n\u00e1dor pro bronchoskopick\u00e9 metody dostupn\u00fd. \u201eHistologie, tedy mikroskopick\u00fd rozbor n\u00e1doru, je pro spr\u00e1vnou l\u00e9\u010dbu z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, a proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby byl vzorek dostate\u010dn\u011b velk\u00fd a dob\u0159e odebran\u00fd. Pokud je n\u00e1dor v\u00a0centr\u00e1ln\u00edch d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest\u00e1ch, je to pom\u011brn\u011b snadn\u00e9, ale pokud je na okraji, mus\u00edme pou\u017e\u00edt i rentgen a naviga\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. A to se ned\u011bje v\u0161ude. Usilujeme o to, aby do\u0161lo k\u00a0jasn\u00e9mu rozd\u011blen\u00ed bronchoskopick\u00fdch pracovi\u0161\u0165 a pot\u00e9 nasm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed pacient\u016f podle z\u00e1va\u017enosti a typu n\u00e1doru tam, kde vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed um\u00ed. Nechceme pacienty zat\u011b\u017eovat zbyte\u010dn\u011b opakovan\u00fdmi z\u00e1kroky jen proto, \u017ee vzorek byl nekvalitn\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 mus\u00edme\u00a0zamezit \u010dasov\u00fdm prodlev\u00e1m zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm opakovan\u00fdmi bronchoskopiemi. \u010clov\u011bk s\u00a0rakovinou plic \u010das nem\u00e1,\u201c<\/em> uv\u00e1d\u00ed prim. doc. MUDr.\u00a0Milan Sova, p\u0159edseda \u010cesk\u00e9 aliance proti chronick\u00fdm respira\u010dn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1strojem v\u00a0boji s\u00a0touto nemoc\u00ed jsou l\u00e9ky. \u201eVzhledem k tomu, \u017ee zat\u00edm je v dob\u011b stanoven\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy v\u011bt\u0161ina plicn\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f pokro\u010dil\u00fdch, je i dnes z\u00e1sadn\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba, tedy chemoterapie, imunoterapie, ter\u010dov\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba. Dramaticky rychl\u00fd v\u00fdvoj t\u00e9to l\u00e9\u010dby zlep\u0161il v\u00fdsledky boje s\u00a0rakovinou plic a d\u00e9lka \u017eivota t\u011bchto nemocn\u00fdch se prodlou\u017eila z\u00a0n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f na 2 roky a v\u00edce, tak\u017ee o rakovin\u011b plic m\u016f\u017eeme mluvit jako o chronick\u00e9m onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.\u00a0To je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pokrok v posledn\u00edch letech,\u201c <\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. MUDr. Jana Sk\u0159i\u010dkov\u00e1, p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b Pneumoonkologick\u00e9 sekce \u010cPFS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O osv\u011btu mezi pacienty se dlouhodob\u011b star\u00e1 \u010cesk\u00fd ob\u010dansk\u00fd spolek proti plicn\u00edm nemocem (\u010cOPN). Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok na podzim nap\u0159\u00edklad po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 ve vybran\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch centrech m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed plic (spirometrii) a z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00edm rad\u00ed, na koho se maj\u00ed s\u00a0obt\u00ed\u017eemi obr\u00e1tit. \u201eZapojujeme se tak\u00e9 do aktivit, jako je Den zdrav\u00ed, Aktivn\u00ed \u010cesko, po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1me eduka\u010dn\u00ed besedy a p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky o plicn\u00edch nemocech v\u00a0klubech senior\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00fd krok, kter\u00fd povede k\u00a0\u010dasn\u00e9mu z\u00e1chytu nemoci se vyplat\u00ed,\u201c <\/em>dod\u00e1v\u00e1 doc. MUDr. Norbert Pauk, \u010dlen v\u00fdboru \u010cOPN a p\u0159ednosta Kliniky pneumologie 3. LF UK a FN Bulovka. V \u010cR v pr\u016fm\u011bru rakovinou plic onemocn\u00ed ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 6 600 lid\u00ed a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 5 400 na ni zem\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Garantem programu \u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu karcinomu plic je Ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed a na proveden\u00ed se pod\u00edl\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00ed screeningov\u00e9 centrum \u00dastavu zdravotnick\u00fdch informac\u00ed a statistiky \u010cR s odborn\u00fdmi spole\u010dnostmi a dal\u0161\u00edmi institucemi. Informace o programu \u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu karcinomu plic lze nal\u00e9zt na https:\/\/prevenceproplice.cz<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201eM\u00e1te rakovinu plic.\u201c T\u00e9to v\u011bty se boj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd ku\u0159\u00e1k. Karcinom plic toti\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0nel\u00edtostn\u00fdm zabij\u00e1k\u016fm, bez l\u00e9\u010dby nech\u00e1v\u00e1 jedince \u017e\u00edt pouze n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Z\u00e1ke\u0159nost plicn\u00edho […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20609,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41137","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=41137"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41137\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20609"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=41137"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=41137"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=41137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}