{"id":42261,"date":"2023-09-20T06:26:12","date_gmt":"2023-09-20T04:26:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=42261"},"modified":"2023-09-20T06:26:13","modified_gmt":"2023-09-20T04:26:13","slug":"koureni-zahrivaneho-tabaku-neni-bez-rizika-shoduji-se-odbornici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=42261","title":{"rendered":"Kou\u0159en\u00ed zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku nen\u00ed bez rizika, shoduj\u00ed se odborn\u00edci"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Popularita zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku roste. Zat\u00edmco p\u0159ed \u010dty\u0159mi lety u\u017e\u00edvala produkty na principu zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku pouze 3,2 % populace, minul\u00fd rok u\u017e to bylo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 7 %. Nov\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 se \u010dasto rekrutuj\u00ed z\u00a0\u0159ad ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f klasick\u00fdch cigaret. Maj\u00ed toti\u017e za to, \u017ee vol\u00ed \u201ezdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed variantu\u201c. O tom v\u0161ak podle odborn\u00edk\u016f neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 studie dokonce do\u0161ly k\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm, \u017ee kou\u0159en\u00ed zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku v\u00a0t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed zvy\u0161uje riziko rozvoje alergi\u00ed u d\u011bt\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0nedostate\u010dn\u00e9mu vzr\u016fstu novorozenc\u016f. Dopady zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku na zdrav\u00ed budou prob\u00edrat plicn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i na 23. kongresu \u010cesk\u00e9 a Slovensk\u00e9 pneumologick\u00e9 a ftizeologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00fd se kon\u00e1 21. a\u017e 23. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0Brn\u011b.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Letos v\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu kon\u010d\u00ed v\u00a0tuzemsku prodej zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edchut\u011bmi. \u010cesk\u00e1 republika se tak p\u0159ipojila k\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm zem\u00edm, kter\u00e9 od 23. \u0159\u00edjna zav\u00e1d\u00ed povinnou sm\u011brnici Evropsk\u00e9 unie. Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0hlavn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f je stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed popularita t\u011bchto produkt\u016f zejm\u00e9na u mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed je \u010dasto nepova\u017euj\u00ed za zdrav\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00e9. Aerosol zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku m\u00e1 v\u0161ak podle odborn\u00edk\u016f velmi podobn\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed toxick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek jako cigaretov\u00fd kou\u0159. Obsahuje tedy i prokazateln\u011b karcinogenn\u00ed l\u00e1tky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eV\u00fdrobci uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee mno\u017estv\u00ed toxick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek v\u00a0aerosolu zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku je men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00a0cigaretov\u00e9m kou\u0159i. Jednotliv\u00e9 studie se v\u0161ak nemohou shodnout o kolik. S\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00edm toxick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek se automaticky nesni\u017euje riziko rozvoje karcinomu plic \u010di jin\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Aerosol nav\u00edc obsahuje l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 se v\u00a0cigaretov\u00e9m kou\u0159i nevyskytuj\u00ed a jejich\u017e biologick\u00fd efekt zat\u00edm nezn\u00e1me,\u201c<\/em> varuje MUDr. Tom\u00e1\u0161 Kratochv\u00edl z\u00a0Kliniky nemoc\u00ed plicn\u00edch a\u00a0tuberkul\u00f3zy Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice v Brn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edstroje se zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00fdm tab\u00e1kem lze v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice zakoupit od roku 2017. V\u016fbec poprv\u00e9 se objevily v roce 2014 v It\u00e1lii a Japonsku. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v Japonsku jejich obliba rychle vzrostla. Odtud tak\u00e9 poch\u00e1z\u00ed ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 studie, podle kter\u00fdch je u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku u t\u011bhotn\u00fdch spojen\u00e9 s v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdskytem rozvoje alergi\u00ed u d\u011bt\u00ed a je rizikov\u00fdm faktorem pro nedostate\u010dn\u00fd vzr\u016fst plodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ne\u0161kodn\u00e9 nen\u00ed ani pasivn\u00ed kou\u0159en\u00ed zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku. Celkem 37 % lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se \u00fa\u010dastnili v\u00fdzkumu sleduj\u00edc\u00edho vliv kou\u0159e ze zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku na zdrav\u00ed, se po vystaven\u00ed tomuto kou\u0159i c\u00edtilo mal\u00e1tn\u011b, tr\u00e1pilo je podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed nebo bolest v krku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eOb\u010das se n\u00e1m st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee siln\u00ed ku\u0159\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed se u n\u00e1s l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed s\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00fdm plicn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm a doporu\u010dujeme jim s\u00a0kou\u0159en\u00edm p\u0159estat, p\u0159ejdou na zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00fd tab\u00e1k. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem ov\u0161em cesta k\u00a0odvyk\u00e1n\u00ed nevede. Tab\u00e1k pod\u00e1van\u00fd v\u00a0jak\u00e9koliv form\u011b je zdrav\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00fd. N\u011bkter\u00e9 postupy pro odvyk\u00e1n\u00ed kou\u0159en\u00ed doporu\u010duj\u00ed elektronick\u00e9 cigarety, kter\u00e9 neobsahuj\u00ed nikotin. Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed je v\u0161ak nekou\u0159it nic,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje doc. MUDr. Milan Sova, Ph.D., p\u0159ednosta Kliniky nemoc\u00ed plicn\u00edch a\u00a0tuberkul\u00f3zy Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice v Brn\u011b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 studie doposud neprok\u00e1zala, \u017ee by zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00fd tab\u00e1k ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016fm cigaret skute\u010dn\u011b pom\u00e1hal s\u00a0kou\u0159en\u00edm skon\u010dit. Naopak, velk\u00e1 skupina lid\u00ed kombinuje kou\u0159en\u00ed cigaret a zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku. \u201eTr\u00e1p\u00ed n\u00e1s p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mlad\u00ed neku\u0159\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00fd tab\u00e1k nen\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00fd, a za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed proto s\u00a0jeho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm,\u201c<\/em> dopl\u0148uje MUDr.\u00a0Kratochv\u00edl. Odborn\u00edci se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee riziko rozvoje rakoviny plic, chronick\u00e9 obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoci, plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3zy nebo nemoc\u00ed kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu je u konzument\u016f zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u neku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eJe\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed sto lety byl karcinom plic vz\u00e1cn\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm. Za obrovsk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst n\u00e1dor\u016f plic m\u016f\u017ee pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba cigaret, a tud\u00ed\u017e exponenci\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f tab\u00e1kov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, u kter\u00fdch na za\u010d\u00e1tku nikdo netu\u0161il, jak\u00e9 dopady na zdrav\u00ed mohou m\u00edt. Dnes pova\u017euje \u0159ada lid\u00ed nikotinov\u00e9 s\u00e1\u010dky, vapov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00fd tab\u00e1k za b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st \u017eivota a bezpe\u010dnou variantu u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nikotinu. Budouc\u00ed dopady pandemie u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto alternativ klasick\u00fdch cigaret v\u0161ak zat\u00edm nedok\u00e1\u017eeme p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt, krom zn\u00e1m\u00fdch rizik spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm ho\u0159\u00edc\u00edho tab\u00e1ku se zde toti\u017e mohou projevit i mo\u017en\u00e9 dlouhodob\u00e9 a kumulativn\u00ed toxick\u00e9, kancerogenn\u00ed \u010di z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 efekty p\u0159\u00edsad a p\u0159\u00edchut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 tyto v\u00fdrobky obsahuj\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> upozor\u0148uje prof. MUDr. Martina Koziar Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1, Ph.D., p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 pneumologick\u00e9 a ftizeologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti \u010cLS JEP. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evropsk\u00e1 respira\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnost u\u017e v\u00a0minulosti upozornila, \u017ee riziko u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e ud\u00e1vaj\u00ed tab\u00e1kov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Tak\u00e9 Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b neexistuj\u00ed d\u016fkazy o tom, \u017ee zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00fd tab\u00e1k je m\u00e9n\u011b rizikov\u00fd ne\u017e klasick\u00e9 cigarety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Popularita zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku roste. Zat\u00edmco p\u0159ed \u010dty\u0159mi lety u\u017e\u00edvala produkty na principu zah\u0159\u00edvan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku pouze 3,2 % populace, minul\u00fd rok u\u017e to bylo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 7 […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42261","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42261","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=42261"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42261\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/16359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=42261"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=42261"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=42261"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}