{"id":43208,"date":"2023-10-29T13:43:54","date_gmt":"2023-10-29T12:43:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=43208"},"modified":"2023-10-30T08:52:09","modified_gmt":"2023-10-30T07:52:09","slug":"kratce-po-vzniku-ceskoslovenska-obsadila-tesinsko-polska-armada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=43208","title":{"rendered":"Kr\u00e1tce po vzniku \u010ceskoslovenska obsadila T\u011b\u0161\u00ednsko polsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Jen p\u00e1r dn\u00ed po vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 republiky v noci ze dne 31. \u0159\u00edjna na 1. listopad Pol\u00e1ci vojensky obsadili cel\u00e9 T\u011b\u0161\u00ednsko. Polsko se pot\u00e9 odm\u00edtlo z obsazen\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed, kde byly bohat\u00e9 doly \u010dern\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed a v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 \u017eeleznice, st\u00e1hnout. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010ceskoslovensko argumentovalo historickou soun\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed \u2013 \u00fazem\u00ed T\u011b\u0161\u00ednsk\u00e9ho kn\u00ed\u017eectv\u00ed toti\u017e tvo\u0159ilo u\u017e od \u010dtrn\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st zem\u00ed Koruny \u010desk\u00e9, Pol\u00e1ci \u00fazemn\u00ed n\u00e1roky op\u00edrali o svou n\u00e1rodnostn\u00ed p\u0159evahu v tomto regionu. \u010ctvrtina polsky mluv\u00edc\u00edch obyvatel v\u0161ak byli Pol\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed se tam p\u0159ist\u011bhovali z tehdej\u0161\u00ed rakousk\u00e9 Hali\u010de (dne\u0161n\u00ed Malopolsk\u00e9 vojvodstv\u00ed) za prac\u00ed. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 diplomatick\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed nepom\u00e1hala, a tak v lednu za\u010dala tzv. sedmidenn\u00ed v\u00e1lka. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm se v\u0161ak v lednu 1919 v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei konala m\u00edrov\u00e1 konference, na kter\u00e9 nastolila \u010deskoslovensk\u00e1 delegace i ot\u00e1zku T\u011b\u0161\u00ednska.&nbsp;\u201eMinistr zahrani\u010d\u00ed&nbsp;Edvard Bene\u0161&nbsp;argumentoval t\u00edm, \u017ee dohodov\u00e9 mocnosti ji\u017e p\u0159edt\u00edm uznaly integritu historick\u00fdch hranic \u010cech, Moravy a Slezska,\u201c poznamenal&nbsp;historik Vladim\u00edr \u010cern\u00fd z Fakulty soci\u00e1ln\u00edch studi\u00ed Masarykovy univerzity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K eskalaci nap\u011bt\u00ed do\u0161lo pot\u00e9, co Polsko na konec ledna 1919 napl\u00e1novalo v T\u011b\u0161\u00ednsku volby a odvody do polsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy. To bylo pro p\u0159edstavitele \u010ceskoslovenska nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9, a kdy\u017e Pol\u00e1ci i nad\u00e1le na sv\u00e9m z\u00e1m\u011bru trvali, rozhodla se \u010deskoslovensk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da pro vojensk\u00fd z\u00e1sah a ministerstvo n\u00e1rodn\u00ed obrany vydalo 19. ledna 1919 rozkaz k vytla\u010den\u00ed polsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy z T\u011b\u0161\u00ednska a jeho obsazen\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201eJe\u0161t\u011b 21. ledna byli Pol\u00e1ci z \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 strany vyzv\u00e1ni, aby st\u00e1hli sv\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 jednotky a org\u00e1ny z T\u011b\u0161\u00ednska, ale tuto v\u00fdzvu ignorovali,\u201c pouk\u00e1zal \u010cern\u00fd. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed roli v sedmidenn\u00ed v\u00e1lce sehr\u00e1li podle \u010cern\u00e9ho&nbsp;\u010deskosloven\u0161t\u00ed legion\u00e1\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed se vr\u00e1tili z Francie.&nbsp;Byli l\u00e9pe vyzbrojen\u00ed a vycvi\u010den\u00ed, a tak se brzy uk\u00e1zala jejich p\u0159evaha nad polskou arm\u00e1dou. \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 s\u00edly byly razantn\u00ed a rychle postupovaly vp\u0159ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201eByly obsazeny Bohum\u00edn, Slezsk\u00e1 Ostrava, T\u011b\u0161\u00edn a \u0159ada men\u0161\u00edch m\u011bst a vesnic. K rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm boj\u016fm do\u0161lo u m\u011bsta Sko\u010dov 30. ledna a Pol\u00e1ci nakonec ustoupili a\u017e za \u0159eku Vislu. Dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fader pl\u00e1novan\u00fd na 31. ledna v\u0161ak ji\u017e neprob\u011bhl, proto\u017ee \u0160nejd\u00e1rek dostal od ministerstva n\u00e1rodn\u00ed obrany p\u0159\u00edkaz bojov\u00e9 operace zastavit,\u201c uvedl \u010cern\u00fd pro \u010ceskou televizi s t\u00edm, \u017ee v zahrani\u010d\u00ed vyvolala \u010deskoslovensk\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 akce velmi negativn\u00ed ohlasy.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201eDohodov\u00e9 mocnosti konflikt mezi \u010ceskoslovenskem a Polskem pochopiteln\u011b nevid\u011bly r\u00e1dy, proto\u017ee to komplikovalo u\u017e tak dost slo\u017eit\u00e1 m\u00edrov\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei. Zde se hore\u010dn\u011b rokovalo o pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed Evropy a vlastn\u011b cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta,\u201c vysv\u011btlil \u010cern\u00fd v \u010cT24.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po n\u00e1tlaku ze strany mocnost\u00ed \u2013 Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie, Francie \u2013 nakonec v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei 3. \u00fanora 1919 podepsal Bene\u0161 s vedouc\u00edm polsk\u00e9 delegace Romanem Dmowsk\u00fdm dohodu o demarka\u010dn\u00ed linii.\u00a0Mocnosti rozhodly, \u017ee v\u00fdchodn\u00ed polovina T\u011b\u0161\u00ednska p\u0159ipadne Polsku a z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010ceskoslovensku. Mlad\u00e1 \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e1 republika tak p\u0159i\u0161la o 1002 km<sup>2<\/sup> spolu s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi doly a s \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Bohum\u00ednsko-Ko\u0161ick\u00e9 \u017eeleznice a m\u011bsty B\u00edlsko-B\u011bl\u00e1, Strume\u0148, Sko\u010dov, \u00dastran\u00ed, Visla a historickou \u010d\u00e1st T\u011b\u0161\u00edna. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"296\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/Tesinsko-4-296x260.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43231\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.1384615384615384;width:444px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">mapa T\u011b\u0161\u00ednska<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"75\" src=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/popisek-470x75.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43224\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u00edlsko-B\u011bl\u00e1 je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsto v\u00fdchodn\u00edho T\u011b\u0161\u00ednska&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u011bsto vzniklo v roce 1951 spojen\u00edm m\u011bst B\u00edlsko a B\u011bl\u00e1. Rozd\u011bluje je \u0159eka B\u011bl\u00e1. B\u00edlsko b\u00fdvalo jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch center textiln\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu v cel\u00e9 habsbursk\u00e9 monarchii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"218\" src=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bilsko-Bela-470x218.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bilsko-Bela-470x218.jpg 470w, https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bilsko-Bela-250x116.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bilsko-Bela-130x60.jpg 130w, https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/Bilsko-Bela.jpg 569w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">B\u00edlsko- B\u011bl\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sko\u010dov <\/strong>je od 19. stolet\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdm st\u0159ediskem. Hlavn\u00edmi m\u00edstn\u00edmi podniky jsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ko\u017eelu\u017ena Spitzer, zal. 1859<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kov\u00e1rensk\u00e9 z\u00e1vody (zal. 1968)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cukrovink\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 tov\u00e1rna Trumpf Mauxion (zal. 1990)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"247\" src=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/Skocov-470x247.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43213\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Historick\u00e1 pohlednice ze Sko\u010dova<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00dastran\u00ed <\/strong>&#8211; d\u011bjiny m\u011bsta jsou spjaty s&nbsp;hutnictv\u00edm. V 18.&nbsp;stolet\u00ed zde byla nalezena lo\u017eiska rud a v roce 1772 zde zalo\u017eila&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/T%C4%9B%C5%A1%C3%ADnsk%C3%A1_komora\">T\u011b\u0161\u00ednsk\u00e1 komora<\/a>&nbsp;prvn\u00ed hu\u0165 na T\u011b\u0161\u00ednsku. Jej\u00ed v\u00fdznam klesl po vzniku&nbsp;T\u0159ineck\u00fdch \u017eelez\u00e1ren&nbsp;a posledn\u00ed&nbsp;vysok\u00e1 pec&nbsp;byla vyha\u0161ena v roce 1897.&nbsp;Dnes je to l\u00e1ze\u0148sk\u00e9 m\u011bsto. Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e1ze\u0148sk\u00fd status byl obci ud\u011blen&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slezsk%C3%BD_zemsk%C3%BD_sn%C4%9Bm\">Slezsk\u00fdm zemsk\u00fdm sn\u011bmem<\/a>&nbsp;v&nbsp;Opav\u011b&nbsp;v roce 1882. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"470\" height=\"246\" src=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/ustrani-470x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43215\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/ustrani-470x246.jpg 470w, https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/ustrani-250x131.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/ustrani-130x68.jpg 130w, https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/ustrani.jpg 513w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u00dastran\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Strume\u0148 <\/strong>&#8211; v roce 1742, po rozd\u011blen\u00ed&nbsp;Slezska&nbsp;v d\u016fsledku&nbsp;slezsk\u00fdch v\u00e1lek, se stalo hrani\u010dn\u00ed obc\u00ed&nbsp;habsbursk\u00e9 monarchie&nbsp;(n\u011bmecky&nbsp;<em>Schwarzwasser<\/em>)\u2013 \u00fazem\u00ed na sever od n\u011bj u\u017e pat\u0159ilo k&nbsp;Prusku. &nbsp;Strume\u0148 pat\u0159ila b\u011bhem&nbsp;sporu o T\u011b\u0161\u00ednsko&nbsp;k ba\u0161t\u00e1m protipolsky orientovan\u00fdch \u201e\u0160lonz\u00e1k\u016f\u201c &#8211; Slezsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 strany, kter\u00e1 usilovala o setrv\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010cSR. P\u0159esto byla rozhodnut\u00edm&nbsp;Konference velvyslanc\u016f&nbsp;p\u0159ed\u00e1na v roce 1920 Polsku.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"373\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/Strumen-373x260.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43217\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Strume\u0148<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Jen p\u00e1r dn\u00ed po vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 republiky v noci ze dne 31. \u0159\u00edjna na 1. listopad Pol\u00e1ci vojensky obsadili cel\u00e9 T\u011b\u0161\u00ednsko. Polsko se pot\u00e9 odm\u00edtlo <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=43208\" title=\"Kr\u00e1tce po vzniku \u010ceskoslovenska obsadila T\u011b\u0161\u00ednsko polsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":43210,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43208","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultura"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43208","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=43208"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43208\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/43210"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=43208"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=43208"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=43208"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}