{"id":43314,"date":"2023-10-31T16:38:09","date_gmt":"2023-10-31T15:38:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=43314"},"modified":"2023-10-31T16:38:10","modified_gmt":"2023-10-31T15:38:10","slug":"prvni-ceske-dite-ze-zkumavky-se-narodilo-pred-41-lety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=43314","title":{"rendered":"Prvn\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b \u201eze zkumavky\u201c se narodilo p\u0159ed 41 lety"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Asistovan\u00e1 reprodukce pom\u00e1h\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u011b tis\u00edc\u016fm p\u00e1r\u016f<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159ed jedna\u010dty\u0159iceti lety hrdinsk\u00fd \u010din, dnes b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st medic\u00edny. Od 4.\u00a0listopadu 1982, kdy se v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice narodilo prvn\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b \u201eze zkumavky\u201c, do\u0161lo v oboru reproduk\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edny ke zna\u010dn\u00e9mu pokroku. Asistovan\u00e1 reprodukce (IVF) pom\u00e1h\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd rok s\u00a0po\u010det\u00edm tis\u00edc\u016fm p\u00e1r\u016f. Za\u010d\u00e1tky IVF p\u0159itom jednoduch\u00e9 nebyly. Profesor Ladislav Pilka, otec prvn\u00edho d\u00edt\u011bte \u201eze zkumavky\u201c, nem\u011bl k\u00a0dispozici modern\u00ed techniku ani odborn\u00e9 publikace. My\u0161lenky na um\u011bl\u00e9 oplodn\u011bn\u00ed se v\u0161ak navzdory slo\u017eit\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m a ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm pokus\u016fm nevzdal. D\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 se d\u00edky n\u011bmu a jeho t\u00fdmu touto metodou v\u00a0roce 1982 narodilo, nav\u00edc nebylo prvn\u00ed jenom u n\u00e1s \u2013 ale v\u00a0cel\u00e9m tehdej\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdchodn\u00edm bloku.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eV medic\u00edn\u011b to tehdy byla obrovsk\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost. Za uplynul\u00fdch 40 let ale do\u0161lo k velk\u00e9mu posunu, um\u011bl\u00e9 oplodn\u011bn\u00ed je dnes dostupn\u00e9 v\u0161em a jeho \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost se v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ila. Lid\u00e9 p\u0159istupuj\u00ed k reproduk\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edn\u011b jako k b\u011b\u017en\u00e9mu l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9mu oboru,\u201c<\/em> popisujeMUDr. Pavel Otev\u0159el, vedouc\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 \u010desk\u00e9 reproduk\u010dn\u00ed kliniky Reprofit a b\u00fdval\u00fd kolega prof. Pilky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e9\u010dba neplodnosti se nejprve t\u00fdkala jenom \u017een, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly nepr\u016fchodn\u00e9 vejcovody, a\u017e pozd\u011bji za\u010dali l\u00e9ka\u0159i zkoumat i kvalitu vaj\u00ed\u010dek a spermi\u00ed nebo poruchy ovulace. Jedn\u00edm ze z\u00e1sadn\u00edch miln\u00edk\u016f \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti asistovan\u00e9 reprodukce se stalo zamrazov\u00e1n\u00ed embry\u00ed. \u201eEmbrya se za\u010dala zamrazovat v\u00a090. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Do t\u00e9 doby se do vejcovod\u016f nebo d\u011blohy p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ela v\u0161echna vznikl\u00e1 embrya. Dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm miln\u00edkem IVF se stalo vp\u00edchnut\u00ed spermi\u00ed do vaj\u00ed\u010dka \u2013 tzv.\u00a0metoda ICSI,\u201c <\/em>dod\u00e1v\u00e1 MUDr. Otev\u0159el. K\u00a0velk\u00e9mu posunu asistovan\u00e9 reprodukce tak podle odborn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159isp\u011bly modern\u00ed technologie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eP\u0159irovnal bych to k\u00a0rozvoji automobilov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. Jako kdy\u017e srovn\u00e1te auto z\u00a0roku 1982 a to ze sou\u010dasn\u00e9 doby. Po\u0159\u00e1d jezd\u00edme na pneumatik\u00e1ch a\u00a0m\u00e1me volant a po\u0159\u00e1d pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me vaj\u00ed\u010dka a spermie \u2013 zbytek je ale n\u011bkde \u00fapln\u011b jinde,\u201c<\/em> popisuje p\u0159edseda Sekce asistovan\u00e9 reprodukce \u010cesk\u00e9 gynekologicko-porodnick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti \u010cLS JEP MUDr. \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n Macha\u010d, Ph.D. \u201ePrincip IVF se nezm\u011bnil. D\u00edky lep\u0161\u00edm l\u00e9k\u016fm a technice, kterou dnes m\u00e1me k\u00a0dispozici, v\u0161ak um\u011bl\u00e9 oplodn\u011bn\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u00edme mnohem efektivn\u011bji. Brzy n\u00e1m do toho nav\u00edc vstoup\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence,\u201c<\/em> dopl\u0148uje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Probl\u00e9my s neplodnost\u00ed m\u00e1 v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b 15\u201320 % p\u00e1r\u016f. Pomoc\u00ed IVF se v tuzemsku rod\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 30. d\u00edt\u011b. \u201eAsistovan\u00e1 reprodukce je d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby a jej\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost je vysok\u00e1. Zdaleka ale nen\u00ed schopna dorovnat celkov\u00fd pokles porodnosti, ke kter\u00e9mu dlouhodob\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed. D\u016fvod\u016f je v\u00edce \u2013 krom\u011b zhor\u0161en\u00e9 plodnosti maj\u00ed \u017eeny m\u00e9n\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed a st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji odkl\u00e1daj\u00ed rodi\u010dovstv\u00ed na pozd\u011bji,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Pavel Otev\u0159el se vzpom\u00ednkou na prof. Pilku: \u201eByl to velk\u00fd vizion\u00e1\u0159, pro kter\u00e9ho neexistovalo nic, co by se nedalo p\u0159ekonat. Kdy\u017e zjistil, \u017ee se ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii narodilo d\u00edt\u011b pomoc\u00ed IVF, rozhodl se, \u017ee tady to p\u016fjde taky,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podobn\u011b na n\u011bj vzpom\u00edn\u00e1 i MUDr. \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1n Macha\u010d. \u201eM\u011bl obrovsk\u00e9 srdce a uzn\u00e1vala ho cel\u00e1 medic\u00ednsk\u00e1 obec. Byl odborn\u00edkem na sv\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b, kter\u00fd ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b nemohl cestovat a nem\u011bl zahrani\u010dn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti. I p\u0159esto medic\u00ednu dok\u00e1zal posunout o velik\u00fd krok dop\u0159edu. A je to \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd mi dal pr\u00e1ci,\u201c <\/em>uzav\u00edr\u00e1 MUDr. Macha\u010d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Asistovan\u00e1 reprodukce pom\u00e1h\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u011b tis\u00edc\u016fm p\u00e1r\u016f P\u0159ed jedna\u010dty\u0159iceti lety hrdinsk\u00fd \u010din, dnes b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st medic\u00edny. Od 4.\u00a0listopadu 1982, kdy se v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice narodilo prvn\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15033,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43314","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43314","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=43314"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43314\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=43314"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=43314"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=43314"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}