{"id":44431,"date":"2023-12-18T12:07:55","date_gmt":"2023-12-18T11:07:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=44431"},"modified":"2023-12-18T12:07:55","modified_gmt":"2023-12-18T11:07:55","slug":"supiny-na-kuzi-nepodcenujte-muze-to-byt-rakovina-radi-lekari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=44431","title":{"rendered":"\u0160upiny na k\u016f\u017ei nepodce\u0148ujte \u2013 m\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt rakovina, rad\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Aktinickou kerat\u00f3zou v \u010cesku trp\u00ed stovky tis\u00edc lid\u00ed<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdo jezd\u00ed v\u00a0zim\u011b nebo v l\u00e9t\u011b \u201enachytat bronz\u201c do\u00a0tepl\u00fdch krajin nebo si pravideln\u011b dop\u0159\u00e1v\u00e1 um\u011bl\u00fdch slune\u010dn\u00edch paprsk\u016f v sol\u00e1riu, m\u011bl by zpozorn\u011bt. \u010cast\u00e9 a\u00a0p\u0159ehnan\u00e9 vystavov\u00e1n\u00ed se slune\u010dn\u00edm paprsk\u016fm nebo \u201esma\u017een\u00ed se\u201c v\u00a0sol\u00e1ri\u00edch m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0tzv. aktinick\u00e9 kerat\u00f3ze, co\u017e je p\u0159edstupe\u0148 rakoviny k\u016f\u017ee. Tyto zpo\u010d\u00e1tku nen\u00e1padn\u00e9 r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9 ko\u017en\u00ed \u00fatvary vedou podle expert\u016f ke zhoubn\u00e9mu n\u00e1doru dokonce a\u017e v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 p\u011btin\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. Pacienti by tak nem\u011bli zm\u011bny na k\u016f\u017ei podce\u0148ovat a m\u011bli by v\u010das zam\u00ed\u0159it ke ko\u017en\u00edmu l\u00e9ka\u0159i. Specialist\u00e9 maj\u00ed k\u00a0dispozici celou \u0159adu l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9mu rozvoji rakoviny zabr\u00e1nit. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed je v\u0161ak prevence \u2013 tedy poctiv\u011b db\u00e1t na ochranu k\u016f\u017ee, mazat se minim\u00e1ln\u011b \u201et\u0159ic\u00edtkou\u201c a nep\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bt to se slun\u00ed\u010dkem ani v\u00a0zim\u011b, ani v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aktinick\u00e1 kerat\u00f3za podle l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f vznik\u00e1 v\u017edy v d\u016fsledku dlouhodob\u00e9ho a nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho vystavov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee slune\u010dn\u00edmu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se vyskytuje na obli\u010deji, nap\u0159\u00edklad u\u0161\u00edch, rtech nebo nose, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b na h\u0159betech rukou nebo na p\u0159edlokt\u00ed. U mu\u017e\u016f pak velmi \u010dasto na ple\u0161i, kde sch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e1 ochrana v podob\u011b vlas\u016f. \u201eAktinick\u00e1 kerat\u00f3za nejd\u0159\u00edve vypad\u00e1 jako mal\u00e9 r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9 lo\u017eisko, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak m\u00e1 hrub\u0161\u00ed povrch. Pozd\u011bji lo\u017eisko zm\u011bn\u00ed barvu na r\u016f\u017eovo\u010dervenou a je pokryt\u00e9 \u0161upinou. V pokro\u010dil\u00e9 f\u00e1zi je u\u017e \u0161upina znateln\u011b vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 nad povrch k\u016f\u017ee,\u201c<\/em> popisuje prof. MUDr. Monika Arenbergerov\u00e1, Ph.D., p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b Spole\u010dnosti korektivn\u00ed a estetick\u00e9 dermatologie \u010cLS JEP. \u010cast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskyt choroby je podle n\u00ed u mu\u017e\u016f \u2013 t\u00fdk\u00e1 se p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 15 % populace, ve v\u011bku nad 70 let v\u0161ak ji\u017e 34 %. U \u017een se nemoc vyskytuje v 5 %, po 70. roku v\u011bku se v\u00fdskyt zvy\u0161uje na 18 % populace. Ve v\u011bku nad 70 let tak aktinickou kerat\u00f3zou trp\u00ed prakticky ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd. \u201eV\u00fdskyt onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je tradi\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00fd nap\u0159\u00edklad v Austr\u00e1lii nebo v ji\u017en\u00edch st\u00e1tech Evropy. Ov\u0161em ani \u201a\u010desk\u00e9\u2018 slun\u00ed\u010dko nesm\u00edme podce\u0148ovat a m\u011bli bychom se p\u0159ed n\u00edm chr\u00e1nit tak\u00e9,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Arenbergerov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nebrat zm\u011bny na k\u016f\u017ei na lehkou v\u00e1hu l\u00e9ka\u0159i rad\u00ed hlavn\u011b proto, \u017ee aktinick\u00e1 kerat\u00f3za se \u010dasem m\u016f\u017ee vyvinout ve zhoubn\u00fd n\u00e1dor. \u201eJe to p\u0159edn\u00e1dorov\u00fd stav, kter\u00fd se v a\u017e 20 % p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f m\u016f\u017ee rozvinout v invazivn\u00ed spinocelul\u00e1rn\u00ed karcinom neboli spinaliom. Ten se v nejhor\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee \u0161\u00ed\u0159it nap\u0159\u00edklad do uzlin nebo plic. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak nen\u00ed tak agresivn\u00ed jako melanom a d\u00e1v\u00e1 o sob\u011b relativn\u011b dlouho v\u011bd\u011bt dop\u0159edu t\u00edm, \u017ee je vid\u011bt, tak\u017ee pacient\u016fm um\u00edme pomoci i v pom\u011brn\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00fdch stadi\u00edch,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Radek Litvik, dermatolog z Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice Ostrava. Krom\u011b v\u011bku je hlavn\u00edm rizikov\u00fdm faktorem i typ k\u016f\u017ee \u2013 lid\u00e9 se sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00ed plet\u00ed jsou ohro\u017eeni v\u00edce. Riziko si v\u0161ak podle MUDr. Litvika lid\u00e9 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed sami, zejm\u00e9na pokud se \u010dasto jezd\u00ed slunit k mo\u0159i bez dostate\u010dn\u00e9 ochrany nebo pravideln\u011b nav\u0161t\u011bvuj\u00ed sol\u00e1ria. \u201eNejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je chr\u00e1nit se p\u0159ed slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm. Z\u00e1klad je i takzvan\u00fd z\u00e1kon 3K \u2013 ko\u0161ile, kalhoty a klobouk. Zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 je chodit do sol\u00e1ri\u00ed a tam se vystavovat dal\u0161\u00edmu UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Ob\u010das je tak\u00e9 vhodn\u00e9 se na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei ob\u010das l\u00e9pe pod\u00edvat, a i s mal\u00fdm podez\u0159en\u00edm p\u0159ij\u00edt k l\u00e9ka\u0159i a zah\u00e1jet l\u00e9\u010dbu, abychom mohli p\u0159edej\u00edt v\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm stav\u016fm,\u201c<\/em> pokra\u010duje MUDr. Litvik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 medic\u00edna pak nab\u00edz\u00ed celou \u0159adu mo\u017enost\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby aktinick\u00e9 kerat\u00f3zy, nej\u010dast\u011bji l\u00e9ka\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tzv. kryoterapii. P\u0159i n\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei o\u0161et\u0159uj\u00ed kapaln\u00fdm dus\u00edkem, co\u017e b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto bolestiv\u00e9 a pacienti na z\u00e1kroky mus\u00ed doch\u00e1zet opakovan\u011b. D\u00e1le se uplat\u0148uje l\u00e9\u010dba pomoc\u00ed laseru nebo fotodynamick\u00e1 terapie. \u201ePot\u00ed\u017e spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee takto o\u0161et\u0159\u00edme pouze viditeln\u00e9 projevy, zat\u00edmco chorobou u\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zasa\u017eeno i okol\u00ed, ani\u017e by to bylo zn\u00e1t. V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b n\u00e1m pom\u00e1h\u00e1 nov\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba pomoc\u00ed kr\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd stimuluje imunitn\u00ed reakci k\u016f\u017ee, br\u00e1n\u00ed mno\u017een\u00ed bun\u011bk a ni\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 a p\u0159edn\u00e1dorov\u00e9 zm\u011bny na k\u016f\u017ei. Pro pacienty je jeho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pohodln\u00e9, nan\u00e1\u0161\u00ed si jej sami po dobu n\u011bkolika t\u00fddn\u016f,\u201d<\/em> popisuje prof. Arenbergerov\u00e1. Jednou z forem l\u00e9\u010dby je pak i chirurgick\u00e9 odstran\u011bn\u00ed l\u00e9z\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se ji\u017e choroba rozvinula v n\u00e1dor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O aktinick\u00e9 kerat\u00f3ze<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aktinick\u00e1 kerat\u00f3za, ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako sol\u00e1rn\u00ed kerat\u00f3za, je p\u0159edn\u00e1dorov\u00fd stav, kter\u00fd se rozv\u00edj\u00ed na k\u016f\u017ei dlouhodob\u011b vystavovan\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00edmu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Je to pom\u011brn\u011b hojn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 ko\u017en\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ale nen\u00ed mezi \u0161irokou ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zn\u00e1m\u00e9. Vyskytuje se p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b u star\u0161\u00edch lid\u00ed, \u010dast\u011bji postihuje mu\u017ee, zejm\u00e9na ty s \u0159\u00eddk\u00fdmi vlasy nebo s ple\u0161\u00ed. V\u00edce ohro\u017een\u00ed jsou jedinci se sv\u011btlou k\u016f\u017e\u00ed (fototyp I a II) a lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed byli po dlouh\u00fd \u010das vystaveni p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu p\u016fsoben\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eitou roli hraje prevence aktinick\u00e9 kerat\u00f3zy, kter\u00e1 zahrnuje ochranu k\u016f\u017ee \u2013 vyh\u00fdbat se p\u0159irozen\u00e9mu i um\u011bl\u00e9mu UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a na nekryt\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti pou\u017e\u00edvat fotoprotektivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravky s dostate\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00fdm ochrann\u00fdm faktorem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aktinickou kerat\u00f3zou v \u010cesku trp\u00ed stovky tis\u00edc lid\u00ed Kdo jezd\u00ed v\u00a0zim\u011b nebo v l\u00e9t\u011b \u201enachytat bronz\u201c do\u00a0tepl\u00fdch krajin nebo si pravideln\u011b dop\u0159\u00e1v\u00e1 um\u011bl\u00fdch slune\u010dn\u00edch paprsk\u016f v […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10548,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44431","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=44431"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44431\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10548"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=44431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=44431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=44431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}