{"id":45302,"date":"2024-01-23T12:06:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-23T11:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=45302"},"modified":"2024-01-23T12:45:22","modified_gmt":"2024-01-23T11:45:22","slug":"vycvicene-bunky-pomahaji-s-lecbou-krevnich-nadoru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=45302","title":{"rendered":"\u201eVycvi\u010den\u00e9\u201c bu\u0148ky pom\u00e1haj\u00ed s l\u00e9\u010dbou\u00a0krevn\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>P\u0159evratn\u00e9 zm\u011bny v\u00a0l\u00e9\u010db\u011b krevn\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed pacient\u016fm novou nad\u011bji na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Odborn\u00edci se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee se v posledn\u00edch 10 letech v\u00a0oblasti l\u00e9\u010dby rakoviny krve odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed doslova p\u0159evratn\u00e9 zm\u011bny. Zejm\u00e9na d\u00edky n\u00e1stupu imunoterapie, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed imunitu pacienta k\u00a0boji proti n\u00e1dorov\u00fdm bu\u0148k\u00e1m. I d\u00edky modern\u00edm l\u00e9k\u016fm tak p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 st\u00e1le v\u00edce pacient\u016f, \u00famrtnost na n\u00e1dory krve stagnuje a u n\u011bkter\u00fdch diagn\u00f3z dokonce kles\u00e1. I o tom diskutovaly stovky odborn\u00edk\u016f na hematologii \u2013 <\/strong><strong>l\u00e9ka\u0159i, v\u011bdci, o\u0161et\u0159ovatel\u00e9, pracovn\u00edci laborato\u0159\u00ed \u2013 <\/strong><strong>na lednov\u00e9 konferenci <\/strong><strong>Hematologie 2024 v\u00a0Praze<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zat\u00edmco u dosp\u011bl\u00fdch pacient\u016f se v&nbsp;ur\u010dit\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech ji\u017e ustupuje od dosud dominantn\u00ed chemoterapie, u d\u011bt\u00ed tato metoda st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00ed volbou. I kv\u016fli tomu, \u017ee nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1dorov\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm krve u mal\u00fdch pacient\u016f je akutn\u00ed leukemie, kde chemoterapie ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f funguje spolehliv\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cast\u011bji v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dosp\u011bl\u00fdch nemocn\u00fdch je tak dle \u010desk\u00fdch expert\u016f \u201ehitem\u201c posledn\u00edch let l\u00e9\u010dba pomoc\u00ed tzv. CAR-T lymfocyt\u016f. Je to typ imunoterapie, u kter\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159i \u201evycvi\u010d\u00ed\u201c vlastn\u00ed bu\u0148ky pacienta tak, aby um\u011bly za\u00fato\u010dit na bu\u0148ky n\u00e1doru. <em>\u201eCAR-T lymfocyty jsou bu\u0148ky imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00e9 nejprve odebereme z\u00a0t\u011bla pacienta a n\u00e1sledn\u011b se geneticky uprav\u00ed tak, aby se um\u011bly nav\u00e1zat na n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, aktivovat se a n\u00e1dor zni\u010dit. Tato terapie dosahuje opravdu pozoruhodn\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0l\u00e9\u010db\u011b nehodgkinsk\u00fdch lymfom\u016f, nebo akutn\u00ed lymfoblastick\u00e9 leukemie. Je opravdu fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed, jak\u00e9 pokroky ve v\u00fdzkumu se v\u011bdc\u016fm v\u00a0tomto ohledu da\u0159\u00ed podnikat,\u201c <\/em>popisuje prof. MUDr. Marek Trn\u011bn\u00fd, p\u0159ednosta I. intern\u00ed kliniky \u2013 kliniky hematologie 1. LF UK a VFN v\u00a0Praze. Pr\u00e1v\u011b CAR-T lymfocyty byly jedn\u00edm z\u00a0hlavn\u00edch t\u00e9mat konference Americk\u00e9 hematologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (ASH), kter\u00e1 se konala loni v\u00a0prosinci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nov\u00e9 formy terapie l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed hematologick\u00e9 n\u00e1dory p\u0159esn\u011bji zac\u00edlit a ochr\u00e1nit pacienty p\u0159ed ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky. \u010c\u00edm d\u00e1l \u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm l\u00e9kem jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad monoklon\u00e1ln\u00ed protil\u00e1tky. <em>\u201eTyto l\u00e9ky ozna\u010d\u00ed imunitn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu pacienta m\u00edsto, kam m\u00e1 za\u00fato\u010dit. Ozna\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1dorovou bu\u0148ku a imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m ji n\u00e1sledn\u011b s\u00e1m zabije. L\u00e9ky se tak\u00e9 mohou nav\u00e1zat na jin\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, nap\u0159\u00edklad cytostatika, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky zab\u00edj\u00ed. V\u00fdhodou l\u00e9\u010dby je tak vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 n\u00edzk\u00e1 toxicita,\u201c <\/em>popisuje prof. MUDr. Petr Cetkovsk\u00fd, \u0159editel \u00dastavu hematologie a krevn\u00ed transfuze. Monoklon\u00e1ln\u00ed protil\u00e1tky se staly nepostradateln\u00fdmi nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b lymfom\u016f nebo u chronick\u00e9 lymfatick\u00e9 leukemie. Krevn\u00ed n\u00e1dory byly tak\u00e9 prvn\u00ed, u nich\u017e l\u00e9ka\u0159i monoklon\u00e1ln\u00ed protil\u00e1tky k\u00a0l\u00e9\u010db\u011b pou\u017eili \u2013 dnes se ji\u017e b\u011b\u017en\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed i mimo onkologii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I p\u0159es nesporn\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy v\u00fdzkumu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 podle expert\u016f nepostradatelnou formou l\u00e9\u010dby n\u00e1dor\u016f krve chemoterapie, a to i v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpadech mlad\u00fdch pacient\u016f. <em>\u201eNap\u0159\u00edklad u d\u011btsk\u00e9 akutn\u00ed lymfoblastick\u00e9 leukemie, nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edho n\u00e1doru krve u d\u011bt\u00ed, je chemoterapie st\u00e1le hlavn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem l\u00e9\u010dby, d\u00edky kter\u00e9mu vyl\u00e9\u010d\u00edme 85 % pacient\u016f. Modern\u00ed l\u00e9ky pak pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me tam, kde chemoterapie selh\u00e1v\u00e1 nebo dojde k\u00a0n\u00e1vratu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b modern\u00ed l\u00e9ky kombinujeme s chemoterapi\u00ed tak, aby se zv\u00fd\u0161il \u00fa\u010dinek l\u00e9\u010dby, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 klesla jej\u00ed toxicita a zm\u00edrnily se ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje doc.\u00a0MUDr. Lucie \u0160r\u00e1mkov\u00e1, p\u0159ednostka Kliniky d\u011btsk\u00e9 hematologie a onkologie 2.\u00a0LF\u00a0UK\u00a0a\u00a0FN Motol. Pokrok v\u00a0mo\u017enostech l\u00e9\u010dby tak m\u00e1 za v\u00fdsledek v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed nad\u011bji na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed pro pacienty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Odborn\u00edci se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee \u010de\u0161t\u00ed pacienti maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edm l\u00e9k\u016fm srovnateln\u00fd s\u00a0ostatn\u00edmi rozvinut\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi. Des\u00edtky pacient\u016f s\u00a0n\u00e1dory krve jsou nyn\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesku l\u00e9\u010deny v\u00a0r\u00e1mci studi\u00ed na experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9ky. <em>\u201e\u010cesko je rovnocenn\u00fdm partnerem hlavn\u011b evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, jako jsou<\/em> <em>N\u011bmecko, Rakousko, It\u00e1lie nebo \u0160v\u00fdcarsko, ale i USA \u010di Japonsko, a to zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0oblasti d\u011btsk\u00e9 hematologie. Tam u\u017e v\u00a0podstat\u011b dv\u011b des\u00edtky let hrajeme d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch skupin\u00e1ch a pod\u00edl\u00edme se na zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00fdch diagnostick\u00fdch a l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch postup\u016f. D\u00edky tomu jsou u n\u00e1s nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9ky dostupn\u00e9 a \u010de\u0161t\u00ed pacienti je maj\u00ed k\u00a0dispozici,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof.\u00a0MUDr.\u00a0Jan Trka, vedouc\u00ed Laboratorn\u00edho centra Kliniky d\u011btsk\u00e9 hematologie a onkologie 2. LF UK a FN Motol. Upozor\u0148uje v\u0161ak, \u017ee modern\u00ed l\u00e9ky st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed velmi n\u00e1kladn\u00e9. Nap\u0159\u00edklad l\u00e9\u010dba jednoho d\u011btsk\u00e9ho pacienta pomoc\u00ed CAR-T lymfocyt\u016f vyjde p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b na 8 milion\u016f korun.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>P\u0159evratn\u00e9 zm\u011bny v\u00a0l\u00e9\u010db\u011b krevn\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed pacient\u016fm novou nad\u011bji na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Odborn\u00edci se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee se v posledn\u00edch 10 letech v\u00a0oblasti l\u00e9\u010dby rakoviny krve odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=45302\" title=\"\u201eVycvi\u010den\u00e9\u201c bu\u0148ky pom\u00e1haj\u00ed s l\u00e9\u010dbou\u00a0krevn\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24987,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45302","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=45302"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45302\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/24987"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=45302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=45302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=45302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}