{"id":45534,"date":"2024-01-31T04:43:43","date_gmt":"2024-01-31T03:43:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=45534"},"modified":"2024-01-31T13:26:21","modified_gmt":"2024-01-31T12:26:21","slug":"spolecnost-neuralink-v-nedeli-implantovala-prvnimu-cloveku-cip-do-mozku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=45534","title":{"rendered":"Spole\u010dnost Neuralink\u00a0implantovala prvn\u00edmu \u010dlov\u011bku \u010dip do mozku\u00a0\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Radio\u017eurn\u00e1l

Spole\u010dnost Neuralink miliard\u00e1\u0159e Elona Muska v ned\u011bli implantovala prvn\u00edmu \u010dlov\u011bku \u010dip do mozku. Ozn\u00e1mil to na sv\u00e9 s\u00edti X s\u00e1m Musk. A to s t\u00edm, \u017ee pacientovi se da\u0159\u00ed, da\u0159\u00ed dob\u0159e a po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky jsou slibn\u00e9. Neuralink, kter\u00fd vyv\u00edj\u00ed mozkov\u00e9 \u010dipy, dostal loni od americk\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu pro kontrolu potravin a l\u00e9\u010div souhlas k prvn\u00ed klinick\u00e9 studii na lidech. Studie posoud\u00ed funk\u010dnost apar\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd byl navr\u017een tak, aby lidem s ochrnut\u00edm v\u0161ech \u010dty\u0159 kon\u010detin umo\u017enil ovl\u00e1dat za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed my\u0161lenkami. Zkoumat se bude tak\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnost implant\u00e1tu. J\u00e1 u\u017e ve vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edt\u00e1m\u00a0P\u0159emysla<\/strong>\u00a0Jiru\u0161ku<\/strong>\u00a0z \u00dastavu fyziologie Akademie v\u011bd a tak\u00e9 z 2. L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty Univerzity Karlovy, dobr\u00fd den.

Jak ten \u010dip vypad\u00e1 a jak by m\u011bl fungovat.

P\u0159emysl<\/strong>\u00a0Jiru\u0161ka<\/strong>, l\u00e9ka\u0159 z \u00dastavu fyziologie 2. l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty
——————–
Tak ten \u010dip si m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159edstavit jako velmi malinkou desti\u010dku. To m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u011bkolik stovek mikrometr\u016f na stovek mikrometr\u016f, z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed podle toho, jak velkou oblast mozku chcete zas\u00e1hnout a ty elektrody vypadaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u011b, to znamen\u00e1, m\u016f\u017eete si ji p\u0159edstavovat opravdu jako plochou desti\u010dku, na kter\u00fd jsou elektrody, opravdu ten \u010d\u00edp jich tam m\u00e1 asi 1500 na takov\u00fdm mal\u00e9m prostoru a z\u00e1rove\u0148 to um\u00ed i zpracov\u00e1vat sign\u00e1l, kter\u00fd registruje. M\u016f\u017eete si p\u0159edstavit takovouto mikrodesti\u010dku, kter\u00e1 vypad\u00e1 jako fak\u00edrovo lo\u017ee, takov\u00fd malink\u00fd jehli\u010dky. A t\u011bch tam zase m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed, stovky a pomoc\u00ed t\u011bch se pr\u00e1v\u011b registruje aktivita z neuron\u016f.

moder\u00e1tor
——————–
Co v\u0161echno mohou takov\u00e9to \u010dipy nebo desti\u010dky lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou t\u0159eba ochrnut\u00ed nebo slep\u00fd nebo n\u011bm\u00fd, umo\u017enit?

P\u0159emysl<\/strong>\u00a0Jiru\u0161ka<\/strong>, l\u00e9ka\u0159 z \u00dastavu fyziologie 2. l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty
——————–
Tak pr\u00e1v\u011b ta p\u0159edstava u t\u011bchto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00fdm se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 anglicky brain machine interface, to znamen\u00e1 rozhran\u00ed mezi mozkem a strojem, tak ta p\u0159edstava je, \u017ee by skute\u010dn\u011b m\u011blo n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem nahradit n\u011bjakou funkci mozku, kterou ztrat\u00edte, to znamen\u00e1, pokud je to nap\u0159\u00edklad paralyzovan\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk, to znamen\u00e1 m\u00e1 p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy z mozku do m\u00edchy a ke sval\u016fm, tak se vyu\u017eije toho, \u017ee pomoc\u00ed tohoto implant\u00e1tu vy se zamysl\u00edte nad pohybem, kter\u00fd chcete vykonat, ta aktivita z bun\u011bk se zdetekuje, a to se pak nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159enese do n\u011bjak\u00e9ho exoskeletu, pomoc\u00ed kter\u00fdho se budete pohybovat, nebo takhle se to p\u0159enese p\u0159es tu p\u0159eru\u0161enou m\u00edchu na tu spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st a zase pomoc\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9 stimulace se tam budou stimulovat nervy. Podobn\u011b to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt, kdy\u017e ztrat\u00edte nap\u0159\u00edklad v d\u016fsledku poran\u011bn\u00ed m\u00edchy cit v rukou, dotyk, tak op\u011bt budete m\u00edt n\u011bjak\u00fd za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00fd v\u00e1m bude detekovat pr\u00e1v\u011b dotyk, a to se pomoc\u00ed takov\u00fdchto elektrodesti\u010dek bude stimulovat mozek a bude si vytv\u00e1\u0159et podn\u011bt nebo stimulovat a vytvo\u0159\u00ed to podn\u011bt n\u011bjak\u00e9ho dotyku, a tak by se t\u00edm m\u011bly nahradit ve\u0161ker\u00e9 smysly, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zrak, \u010dit\u00ed, ale i sluch. Ale v omezen\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e se u\u017e tohle b\u011b\u017en\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1 v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 medic\u00ednsk\u00e9 praxi. Tohle je v\u0161ak velmi sofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed verze, kter\u00e1 se vyv\u00edj\u00ed.

moder\u00e1tor
——————–
Za jak dlouho by se takov\u00e9to \u010dipy, jak\u00e9 te\u010f tedy Neuralink voperoval pacientovi st\u00e1t b\u011b\u017enou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed?

Jiru\u0161ka<\/strong>, l\u00e9ka\u0159 z \u00dastavu fyziologie 2. l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty
——————–
Tak on Elon Musk, jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1m, nen\u00ed jedin\u00fd. To je podobn\u00fd v t\u00e9to oblasti jako s t\u011bmi raketami, ty rakety se tady vynal\u00e9zaly a konstruovaly n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek let. Musk se p\u0159idal a cht\u011bl to vylep\u0161it. Podobn\u011b to je s Neuralinkem. Tak\u017ee pilotn\u00ed pokusy t\u011bch slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch forem, kdy pomoc\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b my\u0161lenek toho mozku ovl\u00e1d\u00e1te n\u011bjak\u00fd pohyb, tak ty u\u017e se provedly, tak\u017ee j\u00e1 si mysl\u00edm, s t\u00edm, jak je ten v\u00fdvoj p\u0159ekotn\u00fd, tak j\u00e1 bych o\u010dek\u00e1val, \u017ee se to v\u00fdrazn\u011b posune v t\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed dek\u00e1d\u011b, to znamen\u00e1 v dal\u0161\u00edch deseti letech.

moder\u00e1tor
——————–
P\u0159emysl<\/strong>\u00a0Jiru\u0161ka<\/strong>, \u00dastav fyziologie Akademie v\u011bd, na sly\u0161enou.
\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Radio\u017eurn\u00e1l Spole\u010dnost Neuralink miliard\u00e1\u0159e Elona Muska v ned\u011bli implantovala prvn\u00edmu \u010dlov\u011bku \u010dip do mozku. Ozn\u00e1mil to na sv\u00e9 s\u00edti X s\u00e1m Musk. A to s […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":45536,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=45534"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45534\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/45536"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=45534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=45534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=45534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}