Maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy hendikep\u016f, ale cht\u011bj\u00ed pracovat. \u0158e\u010d je o takzvan\u00fdch osob\u00e1ch se zdravotn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm (OZP). V \u010cesku jsou jich des\u00edtky tis\u00edc a st\u011b\u017euj\u00ed si, \u017ee politici na n\u011b zapomn\u011bli. Zat\u00edmco minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzda pro \u201ezdrav\u00e9\u201c lidi ka\u017ed\u00fd rok roste, p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek st\u00e1tu na zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hendikepovan\u00fdch lid\u00ed se zvy\u0161oval naposledy p\u0159ed dv\u011bma roky. Te\u010f je \u0161ance na zm\u011bnu. Ministr pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed Marian Jure\u010dka p\u0159ipravil n\u00e1vrh na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku. Nen\u00ed ale jist\u00e9, v jak\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i to bude. O tom, jak se v dob\u011b odezn\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed rekordn\u00ed drahoty pracuje posti\u017een\u00fdm lidem, Den\u00edk hovo\u0159il s p\u0159edsedou Asociace zam\u011bstnavatel\u016f zdravotn\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdch \u010cR Josefem \u0160ulcem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Uplynul\u00fd rok 2023 byl ve znamen\u00ed velk\u00e9 inflace a nejistoty. Jak se s lo\u0148skou drahotou popasovali zam\u011bstnanci se zdravotn\u00edm hendikepem i jejich zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pokud v\u00edm, k v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nedo\u0161lo. M\u00e1m pocit, \u017ee ten n\u00e1\u0161 chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd trh pr\u00e1ce z\u00edskal za l\u00e9ta st\u00e1le se sni\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed podpory, jistou obranyschopnost a v\u017edycky vy\u0161kr\u00e1bneme je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bjakou tu korunu pro zam\u011bstnance, ne\u017e bychom je propustili. Uskromnit se museli v\u0161ichni a jist\u011b k n\u011bjak\u00e9mu propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed do\u0161lo, ale mysl\u00edm, \u017ee nic dramatick\u00e9ho to nebylo. Ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokem netrp\u011bliv\u011b \u010dek\u00e1me, o kolik n\u00e1m vl\u00e1da nav\u00fd\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek, kdy\u017e u\u017e tak bezmy\u0161lenkovit\u011b navy\u0161uje minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdu, a kdy\u017e pak dojde k nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed o p\u00e1r stovek, jsme r\u00e1di, \u017ee n\u00e1m st\u00e1t d\u00e1 alespo\u0148 n\u011bco. T\u00edmto ale trp\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci i zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V \u010dem konkr\u00e9tn\u011b?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nen\u00ed dostatek financ\u00ed na investice a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd trh pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl osoby se zdravotn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm (OZP) sm\u011brovat k norm\u00e1ln\u00edm zam\u011bstnavatel\u016fm, naopak schopn\u00e9 pracovn\u00edky dr\u017e\u00ed a h\u00fd\u010dk\u00e1. Pokud u\u017e mus\u00ed propou\u0161t\u011bt, propust\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ty nejm\u00e9n\u011b efektivn\u00ed a \u010dasto ekonomicky nejv\u00edce ohro\u017een\u00e9 zam\u011bstnance. Nav\u00edc kv\u016fli vliv\u016fm, kter\u00e9 jste zm\u00ednil, a neust\u00e1le rostouc\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzd\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed k opa\u010dn\u00e9mu trendu, kdy OZP z voln\u00e9ho trhu, kde je jejich efektivita nedostate\u010dn\u00e1, p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed na chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd trh pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V jak\u00fdch oborech jsou dnes invalid\u00e9, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ti na chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9m trhu pr\u00e1ce, nej\u010dast\u011bji zam\u011bstnan\u00ed?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pracovn\u00ed pozice OZP jsou opravdu velmi r\u016fznorod\u00e9. Podle statistik ale nejv\u00edce OZP pracuje u hl\u00eddac\u00edch agentur, \u00faklidov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb a distribuci tiskovin. To jsou t\u0159i nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed odv\u011btv\u00ed, kde nen\u00ed vy\u017eadov\u00e1na nijak vysok\u00e1 specializace a pro hendikepovan\u00e9 lidi jsou tato m\u00edsta v\u00fdhodn\u00e1. Je ale obrovsk\u00e1 spousta OZP, kter\u00e1 pova\u017euje takovou pr\u00e1ci za neadekv\u00e1tn\u00ed a na vzdory sv\u00e9mu hendikepu si hledaj\u00ed pr\u00e1ci, kter\u00e1 jim d\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl. Najdeme je tak p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00e9 administrativn\u00ed \u010dinnosti v IT, ale i v n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9m provozu. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je na chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9m trhu pr\u00e1ce zam\u011bstn\u00e1no kolem 74 tis\u00edc osob u zhruba 3800 zam\u011bstnavatel\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Firmy zam\u011bstn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed OZP trvale bojuj\u00ed o p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, kter\u00e9 na zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed od st\u00e1tu. Ministr pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed zkraje leto\u0161n\u00edho roku navrhl t\u0159i varianty nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku v rozmez\u00ed od 600 do 1500 korun. V n\u00e1vrhu vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky pro st\u00e1t \u201elogicky\u201c vych\u00e1z\u00ed nejl\u00e9pe to nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed, co by to znamenalo pro chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd trh pr\u00e1ce?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e1vrh vl\u00e1dn\u00edho na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jako takov\u00fd zmi\u0148uje sice jen jednu \u010d\u00e1stku, a to 1500 korun, ale v d\u016fvodov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b a RIA jsou uvedeny dal\u0161\u00ed varianty. Je tam tak\u00e9 varianta nezv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku. V roce 2022 se n\u00e1m v polovin\u011b roku poda\u0159ilo p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit MPSV, \u017ee nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed je nutn\u00e9, ale op\u011bt se jednalo jen o \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dnou valorizaci. Rostouc\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzda, m\u00edra inflace a dal\u0161\u00edmi vlivy rostouc\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed n\u00e1klady zap\u0159\u00ed\u010dinily ekonomick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my zam\u011bstnavatel\u016f, a t\u00edm i samotn\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Jak jsem prve zm\u00ednil, do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry dok\u00e1\u017eeme tyto vlivy kompenzovat na \u00fakor investic do podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, ale dlouhodob\u011b je to ne\u00fanosn\u00e9. Pokud by k nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed nedo\u0161lo, nebo pokud by byla zvolena i ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed varianta o 800 korun m\u00edsto 1500 korun, znamenalo by to u\u017e jist\u011b ohro\u017een\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch m\u00edst. Nemluv\u00edm o n\u011bjak\u00e9m masov\u00e9m propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, ale op\u011bt by se ti nejm\u00e9n\u011b produktivn\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci ocitli v evidenci \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f pr\u00e1ce. Dost mo\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee by n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159e\u0161li do \u0161ed\u00e9 ekonomiky a d\u00e1l zat\u011b\u017eovali st\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Minister\u0161t\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci v d\u016fvodov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159izn\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee k posledn\u00edmu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku pro OZP do\u0161lo p\u0159ed dv\u011bma lety a mezit\u00edm minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzda pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 (zdrav\u00e9) zam\u011bstnance vzrostla o v\u00edce ne\u017e dva tis\u00edce korun, tak\u017ee se pomysln\u00e9 n\u016f\u017eky rozev\u00edraj\u00ed. Pro\u010d zat\u00edm lid\u00e9 s hendikepem z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed na okraji z\u00e1jmu politik\u016f? Je to mal\u00e1 skupina voli\u010d\u016f, nebo nechod\u00ed demonstrovat?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Demonstrovat nen\u00ed \u010das. A pokud je to jedin\u00e1 mo\u017enost, jak na sebe upozornit, beru to jako velk\u00e9 osobn\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i jedn\u00e1n\u00edch s vl\u00e1dou. Trp\u011blivost sice doch\u00e1z\u00ed, ale vyj\u00edt do ulic? U\u017e mi bylo vytknuto, \u017ee jsme se m\u011bli d\u00e1vno ozvat, ale j\u00e1 s\u00e1m zast\u00e1v\u00e1m n\u00e1zor, \u017ee s teroristy se nevyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1. Br\u00e1t si za rukojm\u00ed OZP, pro kter\u00e9 d\u011bl\u00e1me co m\u016f\u017eeme, pova\u017euji za krajn\u011b nevhodn\u00e9. Pro\u010d ministerstvo nezaj\u00edm\u00e1 cca 74 tis\u00edc zam\u011bstnan\u00fdch hendikepovan\u00fdch, potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch voli\u010d\u016f, to se mus\u00edte zeptat jinde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Va\u0161e asociace trvale prosazuje, aby se p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek na OZP stal pravideln\u011b valorizovan\u00fdm a odpadly ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed dohady. Je n\u011bjak\u00e1 \u0161ance, \u017ee by se do budoucna mohlo st\u00e1t?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b jsme do p\u0159ipom\u00ednek k novelizaci z\u00e1kona o zam\u011bstnanosti navrhovali v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku na 0,95 n\u00e1sobek minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdy. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b bez\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b. D\u016fvod\u016f je n\u011bkolik. Hlavn\u011b by to pro zam\u011bstnavatele na chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9m trhu pr\u00e1ce znamenalo \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dnou jistotu, \u017ee se bude p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek zvy\u0161ovat v n\u00e1vaznosti na r\u016fst minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdy, ale co je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, byl by tento r\u016fst p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fd a pro spoustu zam\u011bstnavatel\u016f by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 ho prom\u00edtnout do smluv s odb\u011brateli. \u010casto se uzav\u00edraj\u00ed odb\u011bratelsk\u00e9 smlouvy na rok dop\u0159edu, nebo i d\u00e9le a p\u0159i sou\u010dasn\u00e9m stavu r\u016fstu n\u00e1klad\u016f v\u010detn\u011b mezd ovlivn\u011bn\u00fdch minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdou, m\u016f\u017ee doch\u00e1zet i k propad\u016fm zisku pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho na zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed konkurenceschopnosti zam\u011bstnavatele. V krajn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech i k ohro\u017een\u00ed podnikatelsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pokud invalida pracuje a st\u00e1t na n\u011bj p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 firm\u00e1m, nen\u00ed to jen \u201en\u00e1klad\u201c pro rozpo\u010det. Firma i zam\u011bstnanec odv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed dan\u011b a do syst\u00e9mu tak p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed. Jak\u00e9 jsou aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1klady na to, pokud by \u010dlov\u011bk skon\u010dil na \u00fa\u0159adu pr\u00e1ce?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159\u00ednos je v\u0161estrann\u00fd, a to pro v\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9. St\u00e1t u\u0161et\u0159\u00ed na n\u00e1kladech za nezam\u011bstnan\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00e9 dnes \u010din\u00ed cca 380 tis\u00edc ro\u010dn\u011b. Podpora formou p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku je p\u0159epo\u010dtena na zhruba 140 tis\u00edc korun ro\u010dn\u011b. U\u017e tady je vid\u011bt jasn\u00e1 \u00faspora \u2013 skoro \u010dtvrt milionu korun na jednoho zam\u011bstnance, a to jen v n\u00e1kladech. Nav\u00edc z p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku se okam\u017eit\u011b vrac\u00ed 38 procent do st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu formou odvod\u016f a pot\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00edch nejm\u00e9n\u011b 22 procent formou p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch a nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch dan\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed \u00faspory jsou nespo\u010d\u00edtateln\u00e9 a jedn\u00e1 se o \u00faspory na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m zdravotnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Co t\u00edm mysl\u00edte?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zam\u011bstnan\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e9n\u011b nav\u0161t\u011bvuje zdravotnick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a v podstat\u011b se udr\u017euje v dobr\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed kondici, co\u017e \u0161et\u0159\u00ed v\u00fddaje na l\u00e9ka\u0159e atd. Pro zam\u011bstnavatele je pak v\u00fdhoda m\u00edrn\u011b sporn\u00e1. Zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1me lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed \u010dasto osobn\u00ed probl\u00e9my, a n\u011bkdy je to opravdu \u010dir\u00e1 starost o jejich dobrou psychickou pohodu. M\u00e1me d\u00edky p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku o n\u011bco ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady na mzdy, ale rozd\u00edl st\u011b\u017e\u00ed pokryje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1roky na zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed n\u00e1pln\u011b a pomoc pro OZP p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci samotn\u00e9. Nepopirateln\u00fdm p\u0159\u00ednosem je zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed pro OZP samotn\u00e9. I pro zdrav\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka nen\u00ed lehk\u00e9 se vyrovnat s nezam\u011bstnanost\u00ed. U hendikepovan\u00fdch je pak psychick\u00fd dopad mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jan Kli\u010dka<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Den\u00edk.cz<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/w<\/a>ww.denik.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy hendikep\u016f, ale cht\u011bj\u00ed pracovat. \u0158e\u010d je o takzvan\u00fdch osob\u00e1ch se zdravotn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm (OZP). V \u010cesku jsou jich des\u00edtky tis\u00edc a st\u011b\u017euj\u00ed si, […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2927,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46363","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=46363"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46363\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2927"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=46363"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=46363"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=46363"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}