\u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal, zn\u00e1m\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako katarakta, je o\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed charakterizovan\u00e9 zaml\u017een\u00edm nebo zhor\u0161en\u00edm pr\u016fhlednosti \u010do\u010dky oka. Postihuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm star\u0161\u00ed populaci, ale m\u016f\u017ee se vyskytovat i u mlad\u0161\u00edch jedinc\u016f z d\u016fvodu genetick\u00fdch faktor\u016f nebo traumatu. Pokud \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal pacient ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee skon\u010dit slepotou, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 v rozhovoru oftalmolog Pavel Stod\u016flka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Je \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal pojmenov\u00e1n proto, \u017ee p\u0159i t\u00e9to nemoci vid\u00edme \u0161ed\u011b?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To nen\u00ed zcela p\u0159esn\u00e9. Pacient vid\u00ed jako p\u0159es \u0161pinav\u00e9 nebo ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 sklo nebo mlhu, ne\u017e \u017ee by zcela p\u0159i\u0161el o schopnost vid\u011bt barevn\u011b. Barvy jsou ale vybledl\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00edte, co je p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Katarakta neboli \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed oka, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m se o\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dka zkal\u00ed a ztrat\u00ed svou p\u0159irozenou pr\u016fsvitnost. Vid\u011bn\u00ed je pot\u00e9 mlhav\u00e9, rozost\u0159en\u00e9, barvy se m\u011bn\u00ed a jsou vybledlej\u0161\u00ed. M\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt ke zm\u011bn\u011b dioptri\u00ed, a dokonce ke dvojit\u00e9mu vid\u011bn\u00ed. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee u typick\u00e9ho \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu nen\u00ed zn\u00e1ma p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina jeho vzniku, ned\u00e1 se tomuto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet nebo ho l\u00e9\u010dit kapkami nebo l\u00e9ky. Jedin\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm je operace, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9 se zakalen\u00e1 \u010do\u010dka odstran\u00ed a nahrad\u00ed \u010do\u010dkou um\u011blou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I kdy\u017e nezn\u00e1te p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu vzniku, existuje alespo\u0148 n\u011bjak\u00e1 prevence?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zaru\u010den\u00fd postup prevence \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu neexistuje. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je nepodce\u0148ovat preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky u o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e a p\u0159i jak\u00e9koliv zm\u011bn\u011b vid\u011bn\u00ed zpozorn\u011bt a neodkl\u00e1dat n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu ordinace o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e. Zdrav\u00ed zraku je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b spojeno s \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem. Nap\u0159. kou\u0159en\u00ed \u010di strava s p\u0159em\u00edrou \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch tuk\u016f zvy\u0161uje riziko probl\u00e9m\u016f se zrakem. Naopak zraku prosp\u00edv\u00e1 dostatek pohybu na \u010derstv\u00e9m vzduchu, kvalitn\u00ed sp\u00e1nek, kvalitn\u00ed strava s \u010derstvou zeleninou bohat\u00e1 na vitaminy. Prosp\u00edvaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00e9 potraviny jako nap\u0159\u00edklad kurkuma nebo olivov\u00fd olej.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pro\u010d tato nemoc postihuje i mlad\u0161\u00ed generaci?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nej\u010dast\u011bji vznik\u00e1 s p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edmi roky ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku. Vzniknout m\u016f\u017ee ale v kter\u00e9mkoliv v\u011bku i po \u00farazu oka nebo dlouhodob\u00e9m u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f. V\u011bkov\u00e1 hranice pacient\u016f s \u0161ed\u00fdm z\u00e1kalem se st\u00e1le sni\u017euje. Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee postihnout i d\u011bti nebo b\u00fdt dokonce vrozen\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tak\u017ee u t\u00e9to o\u010dn\u00ed nemoci hraje v\u00fdznamnou roli i genetika. Je \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fd?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ur\u010dit\u011b. Na vzniku \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt vliv d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 predispozice k jeho v\u00fdskytu v rodin\u011b. Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm faktorem je ale v\u011bk. M\u016f\u017ee v\u0161ak b\u00fdt zap\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u011bn nebo urychlen o\u010dn\u00edm \u00farazem, z\u00e1n\u011btem nebo u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm n\u011bkter\u00fdch o\u010dn\u00edch nebo celkov\u011b u\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nelze tedy vylou\u010dit, \u017ee \u0161ed\u00fdm z\u00e1kalem m\u016f\u017ee onemocn\u011bt i novorozen\u011b?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159esn\u011b tak. I u novorozen\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed existuje jist\u00e9 riziko vrozen\u00e9ho \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu. Proto jsou v \u010cR v\u0161ichni novorozenci preventivn\u011b vy\u0161et\u0159eni na vrozen\u00fd \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal. Pro spr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj zraku d\u00edt\u011bte je nutn\u00e9 vrozenou kataraktu chirurgicky odstranit. Jsou pro to ur\u010den\u00e1 specializovan\u00e1 pracovi\u0161t\u011b ve fakultn\u00edch nemocnic\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Objevuje se katarakta sou\u010dasn\u011b v obou o\u010d\u00edch?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u010cast\u011bji se projev\u00ed na obou o\u010d\u00edch, ale m\u016f\u017ee postihnout i jen jedno oko. D\u00edky tomu, \u017ee jsou modern\u00ed operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu velmi \u0161etrn\u00e9 a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, m\u016f\u017eeme pacientovi prov\u00e9st operaci obou o\u010d\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b b\u011bhem jednoho dne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dok\u00e1\u017eeme \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal sami a v\u010das rozpoznat?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pacienty s \u0161ed\u00fdm z\u00e1kalem do ambulanc\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edch l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f v\u011bt\u0161inou p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed zhor\u0161en\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed. \u010casto si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed br\u00fdle, ale ty nepom\u00e1haj\u00ed. Bezbolestn\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed odhal\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu a o\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 indikuje operaci. Pravideln\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky jsou skute\u010dn\u011b pro zdrav\u00ed zraku z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. Krom\u011b \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu toti\u017e dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed odhalit i z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jak\u00fdmi jsou zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal, posti\u017een\u00ed s\u00edtnice cukrovkou nebo v\u011bkem podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 makul\u00e1rn\u00ed degenerace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0158ada pacient\u016f n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu odkl\u00e1d\u00e1. \u017dij\u00ed v p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee nemoc mus\u00ed tzv. dozr\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mezi star\u0161\u00edmi lidmi st\u00e1le koluje m\u00fdtus, \u017ee \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal pot\u0159ebuje takzvan\u011b uzr\u00e1t, aby byla \u010do\u010dka tvrd\u0161\u00ed a l\u00e9pe se s n\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm pracovalo. To platilo p\u0159ed mnoha lety, kdy se k operaci pou\u017e\u00edvala zcela jin\u00e1 technika. P\u0159i sou\u010dasn\u00fdch postupech je to nesmysl. Jakmile se zrak z d\u016fvodu \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu podstatn\u011b zhor\u0161\u00ed, je vhodn\u00e1 operace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ale na tu m\u016f\u017ee pacient \u010dekat i n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Nem\u016f\u017ee se zrak za tu dobu je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161it?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jen v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee by se operace odkl\u00e1dala po dobu mnoha m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f nebo n\u011bkolika let. U \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed typicky v \u0159\u00e1dech t\u00fddn\u016f k podstatn\u00e9mu zhor\u0161en\u00ed zraku. O\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed a obecn\u011b zdravotnictv\u00ed v \u010cR funguje velmi dob\u0159e. Na operaci \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu se pacient dostane v \u0159\u00e1du t\u00fddn\u016f nebo n\u011bkolika m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, co\u017e je dostate\u010dn\u011b rychl\u00e9. Pokud vznikne \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal akutn\u011b nap\u0159. po \u00faraze, je mo\u017en\u00e9 term\u00edn operace urychlit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jak takov\u00fd z\u00e1krok prob\u00edh\u00e1?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu je v sou\u010dasnosti celkem b\u011b\u017en\u00fd chirurgick\u00fd z\u00e1krok. Je v\u0161ak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby ho prov\u00e1d\u011bl zku\u0161en\u00fd o\u010dn\u00ed chirurg na pracovi\u0161ti s modern\u00edm vybaven\u00edm. Nejprve je provedeno d\u016fkladn\u00e9 p\u0159edopera\u010dn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. Oko je znecitliv\u011bno kapkami, aby byl z\u00e1krok zcela bezbolestn\u00fd a pacienta nen\u00ed t\u0159eba usp\u00e1vat. L\u00e9ka\u0159 vytvo\u0159\u00ed mal\u00fd \u0159ez v oku a pomoc\u00ed ultrazvuku rozpust\u00ed zakalenou \u010do\u010dku. N\u00e1sledn\u011b je zakalen\u00e1 \u010do\u010dka odstran\u011bna a nahrazena um\u011blou \u010do\u010dkou. P\u0159i nejp\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nej\u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed operaci \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 laser, kter\u00fd otev\u0159e o\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dku a p\u0159iprav\u00ed ji tak, aby operace byla krat\u0161\u00ed a \u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Samotn\u00fd z\u00e1krok trv\u00e1 jen n\u011bkolik m\u00e1lo minut. Operace se prov\u00e1d\u00ed ambulantn\u011b a u\u017e chv\u00edli po z\u00e1kroku odch\u00e1z\u00ed pacient s doprovodem dom\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Je operace bolestiv\u00e1?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Operace je v sou\u010dasnosti bezpe\u010dn\u00e1, \u0161etrn\u00e1, rychl\u00e1 a prakticky bezbolestn\u00e1. Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f pacient u\u017e den po operaci za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 vid\u011bt l\u00e9pe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zn\u00e1m pacienta, kter\u00fd operaci prod\u011blal a za p\u016fl roku se mu zrak zhor\u0161il a dostal n\u00e1sledn\u00fd \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal. Je to b\u011b\u017en\u00e9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To je \u010dast\u00e9. Ale je t\u0159eba si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee n\u00e1sledn\u00fd \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal u\u017e nen\u00ed zkalen\u00ed \u010do\u010dky, ale je to jen zkalen\u00ed pouzdra p\u016fvodn\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky, kter\u00e1 v oku dr\u017e\u00ed \u010do\u010dku um\u011blou. Do oka posv\u00edt\u00edme laserem, ani\u017e se oka dotkneme a oko u\u017e pak z\u016fstane trvale \u010dir\u00e9. Tohle se typicky d\u011bje n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f a\u017e n\u011bkolik let po operaci \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u016f\u017ee \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal zkomplikovat syndrom such\u00e9ho oka?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Such\u00e9 oko m\u016f\u017ee komplikovat hojen\u00ed po ka\u017ed\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed operaci. Po operaci \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu se m\u016f\u017ee syndrom such\u00e9ho oka zhor\u0161it, co\u017e prodlu\u017euje hojen\u00ed a such\u00e9 oko m\u016f\u017ee zhor\u0161ovat i kvalitu vid\u011bn\u00ed a u\u010dinit oko podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Je operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu hrazen\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovnou?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ano, odstran\u011bn\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu hrad\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny. Nav\u00edc pacienti maj\u00ed mo\u017enost si vybrat z \u0159ady nadstandardn\u00edch nitroo\u010dn\u00edch \u010do\u010dek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ale za ty si mus\u00ed pacient p\u0159iplatit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ano, pacient si m\u016f\u017ee vybrat z nab\u00eddky z vysoce kvalitn\u00edch nitroo\u010dn\u00edch \u010do\u010dek od p\u0159edn\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f a v posledn\u00edch letech i od \u010desk\u00e9 firmy, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dkovou optiku, ost\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed a lep\u0161\u00ed ochranu s\u00edtnice. Pomysln\u00fdm vrcholem nab\u00eddky jsou trifok\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010do\u010dky, kter\u00e9 pacient\u016fm umo\u017en\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed na v\u0161echny vzd\u00e1lenosti zcela bez br\u00fdl\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tak\u017ee u\u017e b\u011bhem operace upravujete i dioptrie?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ano, to se standardn\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1. Obvykle pacient\u016fm po b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 operaci \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu z\u016fstanou dioptrie jen na \u010dten\u00ed. D\u0159\u00edve zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 trifok\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010do\u010dky pak zcela zbav\u00ed pacienty pot\u0159eby nosit br\u00fdle. U n\u011bkter\u00fdch slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch o\u010d\u00ed je pot\u0159eba pou\u017e\u00edt speci\u00e1ln\u00ed tzv. torick\u00e9 nitroo\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dky, kter\u00e9 se objedn\u00e1vaj\u00ed vyroben\u00e9 \u201ena m\u00edru\u201c pro dan\u00e9 oko.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pak n\u00e1sleduje rekonvalescence?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lid\u00e9 by po operaci m\u011bli vy\u010dkat s \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm motorov\u00e9ho vozidla a\u017e do prvn\u00ed kontroly, tedy t\u0159et\u00ed a\u017e p\u00e1t\u00fd den po z\u00e1kroku. B\u011bhem prvn\u00edch dvou t\u00fddn\u016f po operaci by se lid\u00e9 m\u011bli vyhnout zved\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch b\u0159emen nebo nam\u00e1hav\u00fdm aktivit\u00e1m, jako je j\u00edzda na kole nebo cvi\u010den\u00ed a vyh\u00fdbat se m\u00edst\u016fm a \u010dinnostem se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm rizikem infekce, kde se pr\u00e1\u0161\u00ed a kde je hodn\u011b \u0161p\u00edny, taky neplavat, nenav\u0161t\u011bvovat saunu \u010di p\u00e1ru, nel\u00ed\u010dit si o\u010di. V poopera\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed je velmi vhodn\u00e9 nosit venku slune\u010dn\u00ed br\u00fdle. Dodr\u017eovat by tak\u00e9 m\u011bli l\u00e9ka\u0159em doporu\u010denou p\u00e9\u010di spolu s aplikac\u00ed o\u010dn\u00edch kapek. Obecn\u011b ale b\u00fdv\u00e1 n\u00e1vrat vid\u011bn\u00ed po operaci \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu rychl\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A jak rychl\u00e1 je ztr\u00e1ta zraku, kdy\u017e nepodstoup\u00edm operaci nebo l\u00e9\u010dbu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Je to individu\u00e1ln\u00ed, ale obecn\u011b jsou z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00e9 ty o\u010dn\u00ed nemoci, kter\u00e9 nebol\u00ed, zrak zpo\u010d\u00e1tku nezhor\u0161uj\u00ed, ale oko nevratn\u011b po\u0161kozuj\u00ed, jako je zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal nebo posti\u017een\u00ed s\u00edtnice cukrovkou. Nap\u0159\u00edklad u v\u011bkem podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 makul\u00e1rn\u00ed degenerace, co\u017e je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed s\u00edtnice, rozli\u0161ujeme suchou a vlhkou formu. Such\u00e1 forma postupuje pomalu. U nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tzv. vlhk\u00e9 formy v\u0161ak doch\u00e1z\u00ed k rychl\u00e9mu zhor\u0161en\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed z d\u016fvodu krv\u00e1cen\u00ed nebo otoku s\u00edtnice. L\u00e9\u010d\u00ed se o\u010dn\u00edmi injekcemi. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je za\u010d\u00edt s l\u00e9\u010dbou v\u010das. V opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b hroz\u00ed nevratn\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed zraku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Setkala jsem se s n\u00e1zorem, \u017ee v\u010dasn\u00e1 operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu m\u016f\u017ee odd\u00e1lit Alzheimerovu chorobu nebo dal\u0161\u00ed formy demence. Je to pravda?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu dok\u00e1\u017ee zlep\u0161it nejen vid\u011bn\u00ed. Zejm\u00e9na u senior\u016f se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s t\u00edm, \u017ee si na \u017eivot s kataraktou a postupn\u011b se zhor\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed zrak zvyknou. Pomalu v\u0161ak ztr\u00e1c\u00ed orientaci, nemohou si nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010d\u00edst, celkov\u011b se zhor\u0161\u00ed kvalita jejich \u017eivota a pro okol\u00ed p\u016fsob\u00ed zmaten\u011b. Po operaci najednou zase uvid\u00ed, za\u010dnou b\u00fdt sob\u011bsta\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Z\u00e1krok tedy zlep\u0161\u00ed i ment\u00e1ln\u00ed vitalitu \u010dlov\u011bka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159\u00edznaky a rizikov\u00e9 faktory \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal se vyv\u00edjej\u00ed pomalu, tak\u017ee m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bjakou dobu trvat, ne\u017e si uv\u011bdom\u00edte, \u017ee n\u011bjak\u00fd m\u00e1te. Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 nebo rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
diplopie (dvojit\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed),<\/p>\n\n\n\n
svatoz\u00e1\u0159e kolem sv\u011btel,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
naru\u0161en\u00ed barev (blednut\u00ed nebo \u017eloutnut\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f),<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u010dast\u00e9 zm\u011bny p\u0159edpisu br\u00fdl\u00ed,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
citlivost na osln\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vznik katarakty se zvy\u0161uje s v\u011bkem, ale mezi dal\u0161\u00ed rizikov\u00e9 faktory pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nadm\u011brn\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed alkoholu,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed otoky a ni\u010d\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
diabetes, hypoparatyre\u00f3za a atopick\u00e1 dermatitida,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
podv\u00fd\u017eiva, v\u010detn\u011b nedostatku antioxidant\u016f a vitam\u00edn\u016f,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
n\u011bkter\u00e9 l\u00e9ky, jako je dlouhodob\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed kortikosteroid\u016f,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
kou\u0159en\u00ed,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
poran\u011bn\u00ed projektilem, pohmo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed nebo nadm\u011brn\u00e9 vystaven\u00ed teplu, UV nebo ionizuj\u00edc\u00edmu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bohumila \u010cih\u00e1kov\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Moravskoslezsk\u00fd den\u00edk<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ht<\/a>tps:\/\/moravsko<\/a>slezsky.denik.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal, zn\u00e1m\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako katarakta, je o\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed charakterizovan\u00e9 zaml\u017een\u00edm nebo zhor\u0161en\u00edm pr\u016fhlednosti \u010do\u010dky oka. Postihuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm star\u0161\u00ed populaci, ale m\u016f\u017ee se vyskytovat i […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14958,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=46644"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46644\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14958"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=46644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=46644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=46644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}