O \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1ze v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed sly\u0161ela, ale mnoz\u00ed nev\u011bd\u00ed, jak\u00e9 \u00fakoly v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble pln\u00ed. Dokud tento org\u00e1n funguje, v\u016fbec jej nevn\u00edm\u00e1me. Kdy\u017e se v\u0161ak funkce \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy naru\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed to \u0159adu zdravotn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f. Jak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky m\u00e1 nemocn\u00e1 \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e1 \u017el\u00e1za?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0160t\u00edtn\u00e1 \u017el\u00e1za je \u017el\u00e1za ve tvaru mot\u00fdla um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e1 v p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti krku pod ohryzkem. Produkuje hormony, kter\u00e9 hraj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159i regulaci krevn\u00edho tlaku, t\u011blesn\u00e9 teploty, srde\u010dn\u00ed frekvence, metabolismu a p\u0159i reakc\u00edch t\u011bla na dal\u0161\u00ed hormony.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eHormon \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy ovliv\u0148uje prakticky ka\u017ed\u00fd org\u00e1nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m v t\u011ble, v\u010detn\u011b srdce a autonomn\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed Muhammad A. Shahid, spoluator studie o \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1ze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201ePoruchy \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy mohou ovlivnit srde\u010dn\u00ed frekvenci, n\u00e1ladu, hladinu energie, metabolismus, zdrav\u00ed kost\u00ed, t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch funkc\u00ed,\u201c vysv\u011btluje zdravotnick\u00fd web John Hoskins Medicine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pot\u00ed\u017ee se \u0161t\u00edtnou \u017el\u00e1zou se \u010dasto projev\u00ed v dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed nebo s n\u00e1stupem menopauzy. V\u0161imnout si, \u017ee v\u00e1m \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e1 \u017el\u00e1za nefunguje spr\u00e1vn\u011b, v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017eete i sami. Sice nebol\u00ed, ale jej\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 \u010di naopak sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 funkce nez\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed bez projev\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy postihne b\u011bhem \u017eivota a\u017e desetinu populace, pouze ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd pacient si v\u0161ak je sv\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v\u011bdom. \u017deny jsou k t\u011bmto onemocn\u011bn\u00edm n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed t\u0159ikr\u00e1t a\u017e p\u011btkr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bji ne\u017e mu\u017ei. Podle statistik onemocn\u011bn\u00edm \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy trp\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice asi 620 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kdy\u017e je nemoc odhalena v\u010das, v\u011bt\u0161inou je dob\u0159e l\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e1, v rozvinut\u00e9m stadiu v\u0161ak z\u00e1va\u017en\u011b zasahuje do \u017eivota, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee i ohrozit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201ePacient\u016f s onemocn\u011bn\u00edm \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 velmi rychle. Je to d\u00e1no jednak samotn\u00fdm zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm v\u00fdskytu autoimunitn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v populaci, tak i zlep\u0161en\u00edm a dostupnost\u00ed diagnostiky,\u201c uvedla endokrinolo\u017eka Olga Magnov\u00e1 pro web Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice Brno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kdy\u017e \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e1 \u017el\u00e1za pracuje m\u00e1lo<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Podle Olgy Magnov\u00e9 se onemocn\u011bn\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy m\u016f\u017ee projevovat jak poruchou jej\u00ed funkce, tak zm\u011bnou jej\u00ed velikosti nebo struktury.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eCo se t\u00fd\u010de poruchy funkce, nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed poruchou je sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 funkce \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy \u2013 hypotyreosa,\u201c upozornila l\u00e9ka\u0159ka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K tomuto stavu doch\u00e1z\u00ed, kdy\u017e \u017el\u00e1za p\u0159estane produkovat dostatek hormonu. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou \u010dasto b\u00fdv\u00e1 tvorba protil\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 napadaj\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtnou \u017el\u00e1zu. Jde o autoimunitn\u00ed poruchu s n\u00e1zvem Hashimotova tyreoiditida, kter\u00e1 nakonec zp\u016fsob\u00ed, \u017ee \u017el\u00e1za p\u0159estane fungovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hormony \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy jsou nezbytn\u00e9 k udr\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch metabolick\u00fdch proces\u016f v organismu, tak\u017ee kdy\u017e je jej\u00ed funkce sn\u00ed\u017eena, m\u016f\u017ee se to projevit r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V ran\u00fdch st\u00e1di\u00edch v\u0161ak nemus\u00ed hypotyre\u00f3za zp\u016fsobovat znateln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky. N\u00e1stup poruchy je pomal\u00fd, pl\u00ed\u017eiv\u00fd a nen\u00e1padn\u00fd. \u010casto trv\u00e1 i n\u011bkolik let, ne\u017e je stanovena spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 diagn\u00f3za.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201ePot\u00ed\u017ee jsou zcela nespecifick\u00e9. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b \u00fanava, ospalost, zimom\u0159ivost, such\u00e1 k\u016f\u017ee a vlasy, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 a psychick\u00e1 v\u00fdkonnost, p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed na hmotnosti, poruchy reproduk\u010dn\u00edch a sexu\u00e1ln\u00edch funkc\u00ed, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak, zpomalen\u00e9 srde\u010dn\u00ed akce,\u201c uvedla Olga Magnov\u00e1. U d\u011bt\u00ed se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b zpomalen\u00ed r\u016fstu a poruchy pr\u016fb\u011bhu puberty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V minulosti b\u00fdvala sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 funkce \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dast\u00e1 kv\u016fli nedostatku j\u00f3du. V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b celoplo\u0161n\u00e9 jodizace soli je v\u0161ak tato p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina ojedin\u011bl\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 aktivn\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e1 \u017el\u00e1za<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u011bkter\u00e9 poruchy \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed, \u017ee je nadm\u011brn\u011b aktivn\u00ed a tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho hormon\u016f. Tento stav je zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako hypertyre\u00f3za.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hypertyre\u00f3za je obvykle zp\u016fsobena autoimunitn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm naz\u00fdvan\u00fdm Gravesova choroba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eGravesova choroba m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k Gravesov\u011b oftalmopatii nebo onemocn\u011bn\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit poruchu zraku, bolest o\u010d\u00ed nebo n\u00e1padn\u011b vypoulen\u00e9 o\u010di,\u201c informuje zdravotnick\u00fd port\u00e1l Mayo Clinic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gravesova nemoc m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt l\u00e9\u010dena l\u00e9ky, terapi\u00ed radioaktivn\u00edm j\u00f3dem nebo chirurgick\u00fdm z\u00e1krokem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zat\u00edmco n\u00e1stup p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 funkce \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy je velmi pomal\u00fd, u zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 \u010dinnosti \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy trv\u00e1 pouze v \u0159\u00e1du t\u00fddn\u016f, ne\u017e pacienta p\u0159ivede toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed k l\u00e9ka\u0159i. \u201eNelze jej toti\u017e dlouho p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eet,\u201c upozor\u0148uje l\u00e9ka\u0159ka Olga Magnov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi pot\u00ed\u017eemi jsou neklid, nervozita, nespavost, pocen\u00ed, vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak, bu\u0161en\u00ed srdce, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 v\u00fdkonnost a \u00fabytek na v\u00e1ze i navzdory velk\u00e9 chuti k j\u00eddlu. N\u011bkdy b\u00fdv\u00e1 porucha spojena i s o\u010dn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tak jako lid\u00e9 se sn\u00ed\u017eenou funkc\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy mohou b\u00fdt velmi zimom\u0159iv\u00ed, lid\u00e9 se zv\u00fd\u0161enou funkc\u00ed mohou naopak trp\u011bt \u0161patnou sn\u00e1\u0161enlivost\u00ed horka. Jejich k\u016f\u017ee je jemn\u00e1 a na dotek tepl\u00e1. Typick\u00e9 jsou i jemn\u00e9, \u0159\u00eddnouc\u00ed vlasy. P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 jemn\u00e9 a \u0159\u00eddnouc\u00ed vlasy v\u0161ak mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 sign\u00e1lem sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 funkce \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00e1 \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e1 \u017el\u00e1za<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V d\u016fsledku poruchy sv\u00e9 funkce se m\u016f\u017ee \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e1 \u017el\u00e1za nadm\u011brn\u011b zv\u011bt\u0161it, tak\u017ee na krku vytvo\u0159\u00ed takzvanou strumu nebo tak\u00e9 lidov\u011b \u201evole\u201c. V minulosti byl hlavn\u00edm faktorem vedouc\u00edm ke vzniku strumy nedostatek j\u00f3du, proto bylo toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ve vnitrozem\u00ed, kde lid\u00e9 nem\u011bli mo\u017enost j\u00edst mo\u0159sk\u00e9 ryby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nadm\u011brn\u011b zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00e1 \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e1 \u017el\u00e1za m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k polykac\u00edm a dechov\u00fdm pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edm, proto\u017ee jej\u00ed velk\u00e1 masa utla\u010duje org\u00e1ny na krku. Pro posti\u017een\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka nav\u00edc p\u0159edstavuje i nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd estetick\u00fd defekt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159\u00edznaky hypotyre\u00f3zy:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00danava, ospalost<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zimom\u0159ivost<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed na v\u00e1ze<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Z\u00e1cpa<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Such\u00e1 k\u016f\u017ee a vlasy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Svalov\u00e1 slabost<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zpomalen\u00fd tep<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hrub\u0161\u00ed hlas<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159\u00edznaky hypertyre\u00f3zy:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nespavost<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hubnut\u00ed bez snahy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rychl\u00fd srde\u010dn\u00ed tep<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pocen\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pr\u016fjem<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nervozita<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Svalov\u00e1 slabost<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0158\u00eddnouc\u00ed a l\u00e1mav\u00e9 vlasy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zva\u017ete n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu sv\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e, pokud m\u00e1te zn\u00e1mky a p\u0159\u00edznaky hypotyre\u00f3zy \u010di hypertyre\u00f3zy, nebo pokud c\u00edt\u00edte uzl\u00edk v doln\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti krku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ivana Vitovsk\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pra\u017esk\u00fd den\u00edk<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/prazsky.denik.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" O \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1ze v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed sly\u0161ela, ale mnoz\u00ed nev\u011bd\u00ed, jak\u00e9 \u00fakoly v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble pln\u00ed. Dokud tento org\u00e1n funguje, v\u016fbec jej nevn\u00edm\u00e1me. Kdy\u017e se v\u0161ak […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19818,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46934","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46934","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=46934"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46934\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19818"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=46934"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=46934"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=46934"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}