{"id":47335,"date":"2024-04-06T07:25:40","date_gmt":"2024-04-06T05:25:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=47335"},"modified":"2024-04-06T07:40:34","modified_gmt":"2024-04-06T05:40:34","slug":"infekcni-nemoci-prenasene-klistaty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=47335","title":{"rendered":"V m\u011bstsk\u00fdch parc\u00edch je Infek\u010dn\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 druh\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011b\u00a0\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u010cT 1\u00a0– Ud\u00e1losti

Je jich v\u00edc a hlavn\u011b jsou infek\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Tak v\u011bdci popisuj\u00ed podstatn\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165aty v m\u011bstsk\u00fdch parc\u00edch a kup\u0159\u00edkladu v les\u00edch.

N\u00e1sledky kousnut\u00ed m\u016f\u017eou b\u00fdt velmi v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 a dlouhodob\u00e9, tito paraziti p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 nemoci, nej\u010dast\u011bji lymeskou boreli\u00f3zu nebo virovou kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ovou encefalitidu.

B\u011b\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1vrat z pr\u00e1ce. Martinu \u0160lajfer\u010d\u00edkovi ale zm\u011bnil \u017eivot.

Martin \u0160LAJFER\u010c\u00cdK, pacient
——————–
Bylo to po cest\u011b dom\u016f na kole parkem a pak sem dom\u016f, na\u0161el jsem si kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011b v prav\u00fd ruce, ale bylo tak malink\u00fd, \u017ee jsem si myslel, jestli to nen\u00ed takov\u00e1 ta vystoupl\u00e1 piha.

redaktor \u010cT
——————–
Po p\u00e1r t\u00fddnech se objevily prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky, \u0161lo o kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ovou encefalitidu, nel\u00e9\u010ditelnou nemoc. Martin \u0161lajfer\u010d\u00edk se tak musel znovu u\u010dit chodit.

Martin \u0160LAJFER\u010c\u00cdK, pacient
——————–
jo, kdybych cht\u011bl, tak j\u00e1 to prost\u011b nenat\u00e1hnu a nezvednu. Tuhle nohu jo, ale tuhle v\u016fbec. Ta, jako d\u00edky n\u00ed, \u017ee aspo\u0148 tro\u0161i\u010dku je osvalen\u00e1, tak nejsem na\u00a0invalidn\u00ed<\/strong>\u00a0voz\u00edku.

redaktorka
——————–
Kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 encefalitida se u kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at vyskytuje vz\u00e1cn\u011b, celorepublikov\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br je okolo 2 %, l\u00e9ka\u0159i p\u0159esto doporu\u010duj\u00ed se pravideln\u011b o\u010dkovat.

Naopak nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je bakterie, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje lymeskou boreli\u00f3zu, pr\u00e1v\u011b tu objevili v\u011bdci nej\u010dast\u011bji i u m\u011bstsk\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at, a to hlavn\u011b kv\u016fli p\u0159enosu z drobn\u00fdch savc\u016f.

Kate\u0159ina Kybicov\u00e1, vedouc\u00ed NRL pro lymeskou boreli\u00f3zu SZ\u00da
——————–
Kdy\u017e si p\u0159edstav\u00edte ten m\u011bstsk\u00fd park, kter\u00fd je obklopen\u00fd t\u011bmi domy, tak oni ty hlodavci nemaj\u00ed moc kam ut\u00e9ct a ty kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed toho patogena teda na dal\u0161\u00ed generace t\u011bch my\u0161\u00ed, a proto ten patogen je v t\u011bch m\u011bstsk\u00fdch parc\u00edch a dr\u017e\u00ed se tam.

redaktor \u010cT
——————–
Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b tady na pra\u017esk\u00e9m Pet\u0159\u00edn\u011b objevili v\u011bdci bakterii boreli\u00ed u t\u0159etiny zkouman\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at a situace ve zbytku hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta je podobn\u00e1. Jednou z p\u011bti testovan\u00fdch bakteri\u00ed bylo infikov\u00e1no zhruba 44 % kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at, riziko n\u00e1kazy roste s mno\u017estv\u00edm kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at, z\u00e1vis\u00ed na jejich aktivit\u011b, kterou ur\u010duje hlavn\u011b po\u010das\u00ed a ro\u010dn\u00ed doba.

V\u00e1clav H\u00f6nnig, Parazitologick\u00fd \u00fastav Biologick\u00e9ho centra AV \u010cR
——————–
Pro aktivitu kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at je v t\u011bch zimn\u00edch obdob\u00edch naprosto z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b ta teplota. V m\u011bstsk\u00e9 oblasti maj\u00ed obecn\u011b o n\u011bco vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplotn\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011bry ne\u017e ty lesn\u00ed mimo m\u011bsta.

redaktor \u010cT
——————–
P\u0159i proch\u00e1zk\u00e1ch v m\u011bstsk\u00fdch parc\u00edch by tak lid\u00e9 m\u011bli dodr\u017eovat stejn\u00e1 pravidla jako p\u0159i v\u00fdletu do lesa, tedy pou\u017e\u00edt repelent. A po n\u00e1vratu dom\u016f se zkontrolovat.
——————–
Projekt Kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata ve m\u011bstech zkoumal m\u011bstsk\u00e9 parky a lesoparky ve v\u0161ech 13 krajsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech. Za prvn\u00edch osm m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f v\u011bdci nasb\u00edrali p\u0159es 3000 kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at, infikovan\u00fdch bylo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 1500 z nich, tedy 44 %. Zkoumali celkem p\u011bt druh\u016f bakteri\u00ed, kter\u00e9 u \u010dlov\u011bka m\u016f\u017eou v\u00e9st k rozvoji n\u011bkter\u00e9 z infek\u010dn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed, v\u016fbec nej\u010dast\u011bji, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011bte se objevila bakterie, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje lymeskou boreli\u00f3zu. Velk\u00fd rozd\u00edl byl i mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi kraji, v\u016fbec nejv\u00edc infikovan\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at bylo v Olomouci, celkem 60 %, p\u0159es polovinu se pak dostala i dal\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsta, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b Liberec a Zl\u00edn. Naopak nejm\u00e9n\u011b infikovan\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at bylo v \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem, necel\u00e1 t\u0159etina. Chytit kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011b nejen v lese je mo\u017en\u00e9 u\u017e te\u010f. P\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dili jsme se o tom s kamerou na pra\u017esk\u00e9m Pet\u0159\u00edn\u011b, o kter\u00e9m u\u017e byla \u0159e\u010d. Aktivn\u00ed za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u00fdt tento parazit od p\u011bti stup\u0148\u016f nad nulou, v jarn\u00edm obdob\u00ed mu nav\u00edc vyhovuje i relativn\u011b st\u00e1l\u00e1 vlhkost, d\u00edky kter\u00e9 se m\u016f\u017ee na hostitele uchytit t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 kdykoliv b\u011bhem dne. Kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at\u016fm naopak vad\u00ed sucho, v hork\u00fdch dnech tak \u010dlov\u011bku hroz\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed riziko r\u00e1no.

Jan VOT\u00ddPKA, parazitolog, P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta UK
——————–
Kdy\u017e se tady pod\u00edv\u00e1m do mobilu, tak mi to hl\u00e1s\u00ed kolem 15 stup\u0148\u016f, 15 stup\u0148\u016f je dostate\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00e1 teplota na jejich aktivitu. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 lehce poprch\u00e1vat, tak\u017ee vlhkost je pomalu stoprocentn\u00ed, a to tak\u00e9 t\u011bm kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at\u016fm vyhovuje.

redaktorka \u010cT
——————–
Tak\u017ee asi bych m\u011bla pou\u017e\u00edt repelent.

Jan VOT\u00ddPKA, parazitolog, P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta UK
——————–
Tutov\u011b.

redaktorka \u010cT
——————–
Do jak\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky st\u0159\u00edkat?

Jan VOT\u00ddPKA, parazitolog, P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta UK
——————–
Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161ance, \u017ee se to kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011b na \u010dlov\u011bku uchyt\u00ed, je tak do v\u00fd\u0161ky kolen. Pokud bychom byli n\u011bkde na golfov\u00e9m h\u0159i\u0161ti, kde by skute\u010dn\u011b byla ta extr\u00e9mn\u011b nizou\u010dk\u00e1 tr\u00e1va, tak tam ta kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata asi nebudou. Tohle je optim\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee dosahuje n\u011bjak\u00fdch t\u011bch p\u011bt, 10, mo\u017en\u00e1 15 cm, tak to je dostate\u010dn\u00e9, aby se n\u00e1m to kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011b vyskytovalo.
Vlajkovali jsme ani ne minutu a chytli jsme hned n\u011bkolik kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165at. Tady se m\u016f\u017eeme pod\u00edvat, same\u010dek je n\u00e1padn\u011b men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ta sami\u010dka.

redaktorka \u010cT
——————–
Nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 je tohle kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011b, to je ta sami\u010dka, same\u010dek nikoliv. Saje a taky \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed nemoci toti\u017e jen samice. V tr\u00e1v\u011b na hostitele \u010dek\u00e1. Nevyhled\u00e1v\u00e1 ho aktivn\u011b.

Jan VOT\u00ddPKA, parazitolog, P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta UK
——————–
Ono kupodivu to sv\u00e9 okol\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1 no\u017ei\u010dkama, a to tady na konc\u00edch tohohle prvn\u00edho p\u00e1ru no\u017ei\u010dek, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee kdy\u017e to kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011b \u010d\u00edh\u00e1 n\u011bkde na t\u00e9 vegetaci, tak takov\u00fdmhle zp\u016fsobem jako skenuje to sv\u00e9 okol\u00ed a dok\u00e1\u017ee odhadnout, odkud se k n\u011bmu bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed ten hostitel.

redaktorka \u010cT
——————–
Napov\u00eddaj\u00ed mu t\u0159eba ot\u0159esy, ale hlavn\u011b oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd, kter\u00fd vydechujeme, nebo pot. Krom\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed tr\u00e1vy se paraziti nej\u010dast\u011bji vyskytuj\u00ed taky v hou\u0161tin\u00e1ch. Hlavn\u011b proto, \u017ee spadnou ze skr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se divok\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at, narazit tam na n\u011b pak mohou ta dom\u00e1c\u00ed.
Je potenci\u00e1l, \u017ee se to p\u0159enese i na \u010dlov\u011bka, m\u016f\u017ee t\u0159eba \u010dlov\u011bk tomu kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011bti von\u011bt v\u00edc?

Jan VOT\u00ddPKA, parazitolog, P\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakulta UK
——————–
Ne, v tuhletu chv\u00edli, kdy se tam to kl\u00ed\u0161t\u011b zakousne, tak u\u017e nen\u00ed v\u016fbec \u0161ance, \u017ee by se pustilo a \u0161lo hledat nov\u00e9ho hostitele.

redaktorka \u010cT
——————–
A \u017ee by p\u0159el\u00edzalo?

Jan VOT\u00ddPKA,
——————–
Ne, to ne.

redaktorka \u010cT
——————-
M\u00fdtus je podle parazitologa Jana Vot\u00fdpky i to, \u017ee by kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ata padala na lidi z korun strom\u016f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u010cT 1\u00a0– Ud\u00e1losti Je jich v\u00edc a hlavn\u011b jsou infek\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Tak v\u011bdci popisuj\u00ed podstatn\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165aty v m\u011bstsk\u00fdch parc\u00edch a kup\u0159\u00edkladu v les\u00edch. N\u00e1sledky […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15672,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47335","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47335","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=47335"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47335\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15672"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=47335"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=47335"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=47335"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}