{"id":4775,"date":"2014-03-06T09:40:42","date_gmt":"2014-03-06T08:40:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=4775"},"modified":"2014-03-06T12:43:36","modified_gmt":"2014-03-06T11:43:36","slug":"strevni-infekce-u-deti-pozor-na-rychlou-ztratu-tekutin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=4775","title":{"rendered":"St\u0159evn\u00ed infekce: pozor na rychlou ztr\u00e1tu tekutin u d\u011bt\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00e9ka\u0159 infek\u010dn\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbramsk\u00e9 nemocnice Karel \u0160ediv\u00fd v rozhovoru rad\u00ed…<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

St\u0159evn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee – u dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho je to choroba nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1, ale pokud dodr\u017eujeme spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 z\u00e1sady, lze ji zvl\u00e1dnout bez v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f. U mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed ale st\u0159evn\u00ed infekce m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit velk\u00e9 komplikace. Jak jim p\u0159edch\u00e1zet a jak se spr\u00e1vn\u011b postarat o mal\u00e9ho pacienta, odpov\u00edd\u00e1 Karel \u0160ediv\u00fd ml., l\u00e9ka\u0159 infek\u010dn\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbramsk\u00e9 nemocnice.<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Kdy hovo\u0159\u00edme o pr\u016fjmov\u00e9m onemocn\u011bn\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n

O pr\u016fjmu mluv\u00edme v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed u posti\u017een\u00e9ho k \u010dast\u00e9mu vyprazd\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00eddk\u00fdch \u010di vodnat\u00fdch stolic v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159ikr\u00e1t denn\u011b. Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je \u010dasto spojeno se zvracen\u00edm a teplotou. Nemocn\u00fd je ohro\u017een dehydratac\u00ed a rozvratem vnit\u0159n\u00edho prost\u0159en\u00ed. Pr\u016fjmov\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00edch pat\u0159\u00ed k nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm chorob\u00e1m. Zde tak\u00e9 doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i nemo\u017enosti spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b u d\u011bt\u00ed a star\u00fdch lid\u00ed k mnoha \u00famrt\u00edm.<\/p>\n

– Jak\u00e9 jsou hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny t\u00e9to nemoci?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou akutn\u00edch pr\u016fjmov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed jsou infekce. Pr\u016fjem zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed bakterie, viry nebo paraziti. Pr\u016fjem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1n tzv. „dietn\u00ed chybou“. Pro d\u011btsk\u00fd v\u011bk v tomto ro\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed jsou charakteristick\u00e9 „st\u0159evn\u00ed ch\u0159ipky“ zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 virem Rotavirus. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed infekc\u00ed je dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00e1 salmonel\u00f3za a \u00faplavice.<\/p>\n

– Jak\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1sady dom\u00e1c\u00ed<\/strong> l\u00e9\u010dby?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159i pr\u016fjmech m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k rychl\u00fdm ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m tekutin. Proto je nezbytn\u00e1 v\u010dasn\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada tekutin s dopln\u011bn\u00edm miner\u00e1l\u016f. K dopln\u011bn\u00ed tekutin je vhodn\u00fd nap\u0159. chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010daj a miner\u00e1lky. N\u00e1poje s vysok\u00fdm obsahem cukru nejsou vhodn\u00e9. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je lehce straviteln\u00e1 dieta. Vhodn\u00e1 je mixovan\u00e1 strava z brambor \u010di r\u00fd\u017ee, jable\u010dn\u00e1, ban\u00e1nov\u00e1 \u010di mrkvov\u00e1 pyr\u00e9, ku\u0159ec\u00ed maso, suchary a star\u0161\u00ed pe\u010divo. Z medikament\u016f je mo\u017eno podat probiotika, kter\u00e1 obnovuj\u00ed poni\u010denou st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ru a urychluj\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu. Pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f, kter\u00e9 sni\u017euj\u00ed pohyblivost st\u0159ev, nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

– Kdy je ji\u017e nutn\u00e9 vyhledat l\u00e9ka\u0159e a jak je d\u00e1le d\u00edt\u011b l\u00e9\u010deno?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pokud pr\u016fjem \u010di zvracen\u00ed je tak intenzivn\u00ed, \u017ee ztr\u00e1ty tekutin ji\u017e \u00fasty nelze hradit a doch\u00e1z\u00ed k dehydrataci, je nutn\u00e1 hospitalizace. Tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnost krve ve stolici, hore\u010dka neklesaj\u00edc\u00ed po pod\u00e1n\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 d\u00e1vky l\u00e9k\u016f proti teplot\u011b, stup\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed se bolesti b\u0159icha jsou varovn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed v\u00e9st pacienta k vyhled\u00e1n\u00ed odborn\u00e9 pomoci. V nemocni\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b pr\u016fjm\u016f pod\u00e1v\u00e1me infuze (lidov\u011b kapa\u010dky), kter\u00fdmi dopl\u0148ujeme tekutiny a miner\u00e1ly. Pod\u00e1v\u00e1me l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 obnovuj\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed mikrofl\u00f3ru. Antibiotika se p\u0159i pr\u016fjmech b\u011b\u017en\u011b nepod\u00e1vaj\u00ed, ta jsou indikov\u00e1na pouze p\u0159i komplikac\u00edch.<\/p>\n

– Jak je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159edch\u00e1zet takov\u00e9mu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prevenc\u00ed vzniku onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed osobn\u00ed hygieny, dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed hygienick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, skladovan\u00ed a pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed potravy. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice je b\u011b\u017en\u011b dostupn\u00e1 vakc\u00edna proti Rotavir\u016fm, kter\u00e1 se pod\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fasty. Aplikovat vakc\u00ednu lze od \u0161est\u00e9ho t\u00fddne v\u011bku d\u00edt\u011bte.<\/p>\n

ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto Jomphong FreeDigitalPhotos<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00e9ka\u0159 infek\u010dn\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbramsk\u00e9 nemocnice Karel \u0160ediv\u00fd v rozhovoru rad\u00ed…<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14373,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4775","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4775","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4775"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4775\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14373"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4775"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4775"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4775"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}