{"id":48745,"date":"2024-05-07T05:14:03","date_gmt":"2024-05-07T03:14:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=48745"},"modified":"2024-05-07T05:14:04","modified_gmt":"2024-05-07T03:14:04","slug":"placenta-je-fascinujici-organ","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=48745","title":{"rendered":"Placenta je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed org\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

M\u00f3dn\u00ed trend nebo v\u011bdeck\u00fd z\u00e1zrak?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Placenta, je \u010dasto ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 jako plodov\u00e9 nebo mate\u0159sk\u00e9 l\u016f\u017eko. Jedn\u00e1 se o jedine\u010dn\u00fd, komplexn\u00ed org\u00e1n, kter\u00fd hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli b\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Jej\u00ed role a funkce jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro zdrav\u00fd v\u00fdvoj plodu a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, a\u010dkoli se o n\u00ed \u010dasto mluv\u00ed jen okrajov\u011b. V modern\u00ed medic\u00edn\u011b je ov\u0161em d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm objektem z\u00e1jmu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co je placenta?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Placenta je zcela nov\u00fdm org\u00e1nem vytvo\u0159en\u00fdm speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro podporu a \u017eivobyt\u00ed plodu. Hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli ve v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b a ochran\u011b plodu, p\u0159esto\u017ee je do\u010dasn\u00fdm org\u00e1nem. Jej\u00ed schopnost z\u00e1sobovat plod \u017eivinami, kysl\u00edkem a odstra\u0148ovat odpadn\u00ed l\u00e1tky z krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu matky je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zdrav\u00fd v\u00fdvoj plodu. Produkujete tak\u00e9 hormony nezbytn\u00e9 pro udr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed a regulaci jeho pr\u016fb\u011bhu. Placenta je skute\u010dn\u011b \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem adaptace \u017eensk\u00e9ho t\u011bla na podporu nov\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Obsahuje nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nej\u0161ir\u0161\u00ed spektrum perinat\u00e1ln\u00edch bun\u011bk, kter\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159i porodu z\u00edskat a uchovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Struktura a funkce placenty<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Placenta se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze dvou hlavn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed: fet\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st, kter\u00e1 je tvo\u0159ena bu\u0148kami z embrya, a mat\u010diny \u010d\u00e1sti, kter\u00e1 je utvo\u0159ena z tk\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011blohy. Mezi t\u011bmito dv\u011bma \u010d\u00e1stmi prob\u00edh\u00e1 intenzivn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bna l\u00e1tek a sign\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fet\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st placenty obsahuje c\u00e9vy, kter\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed \u017eiviny a kysl\u00edk z mat\u010dina krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu do plodu a odv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed zplodinu a odpadn\u00ed l\u00e1tky zp\u011bt do mat\u010dina ob\u011bhu k vylou\u010den\u00ed. Tato s\u00ed\u0165 krevn\u00edch c\u00e9v je velmi efektivn\u00ed v p\u0159enosu l\u00e1tek mezi matkou a plodem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mat\u010dina \u010d\u00e1st placenty, naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 decidua, je bohat\u00e1 na c\u00e9vy a umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdm\u011bnu l\u00e1tek mezi mat\u010dinou a fet\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed placenty. Tato \u010d\u00e1st produkuje tak\u00e9 hormony, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad progesteron, kter\u00fd je nezbytn\u00fd pro udr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdznam placenty pro v\u00fdvoj plodu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Placenta je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm org\u00e1nem pro zdrav\u00fd v\u00fdvoj plodu b\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Jeho schopnost p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et \u017eiviny, kysl\u00edk a hormony z matky na plod je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro jeho r\u016fst a v\u00fdvoj. Poruchy v\u00fdvoje placenty mohou v\u00e9st k v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm komplikac\u00edm t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad r\u016fstov\u00e1 retardace nebo preeklampsie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Placenta nen\u00ed jen z\u00e1sob\u00e1rnou \u017eivin, ale obsahuje tak\u00e9 hormony, \u017eelezo, vitam\u00edny a b\u00edlkoviny. Spojena s plodem je pupe\u010dn\u00edkem (pupe\u010dn\u00ed \u0161\u0148\u016frou), a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tenkou vrstvu mezi mat\u010dinou plodovou krv\u00ed, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdm\u011bnu \u017eivin a kysl\u00edku, ani\u017e by do\u0161lo k p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed krve. Krom\u011b toho se star\u00e1 o odvod odpadn\u00edch l\u00e1tek, produkci hormon\u016f kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch pro t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed a pln\u00ed imunologickou funkci t\u00edm, \u017ee br\u00e1n\u00ed imunitn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu matky v napaden\u00ed plodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Placenta, kter\u00e1 je geneticky shodn\u00e1 s d\u00edt\u011btem, nikoli s matkou, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 matce, kdy je \u010das za\u010d\u00edt produkovat mate\u0159sk\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko. Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed je t\u00edm, \u017ee je jedin\u00fdm org\u00e1nem navr\u017een\u00fdm k \u017eivotu jen po dobu dev\u00edti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, po kter\u00fdch je po spln\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9 role vypuzen. Slou\u017e\u00ed jako pl\u00edce a ledviny pro d\u00edt\u011b b\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, kdy okysli\u010duje krev a filtruje odpadn\u00ed l\u00e1tky. Jej\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 v\u00e1ha p\u0159i narozen\u00ed je asi 0,5 kg a v pr\u016fm\u011bru m\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 20 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po porodu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po porodu se placenta obvykle pova\u017euje za biologick\u00fd odpad. V modern\u00ed medic\u00edn\u011b je ov\u0161em placenta objektem v\u00fdzkumu, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kv\u016fli sv\u00e9mu potenci\u00e1lu v oblasti imunomodula\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby jako zdroj bun\u011bk, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt vyu\u017eity k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9ho spektra onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b n\u011bkolika druh\u016f rakoviny, neurodegenerativn\u00edch a metabolick\u00fdch poruch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1kladem terapi\u00ed t\u011bchto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed jsou kmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e placenta je jedn\u00edm z\u00a0jejich nejbohat\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro v\u00fdvoj l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch strategi\u00ed. \u201eMnoho v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f a tak\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee placenta je na\u0161\u00edm zlat\u00fdm gr\u00e1lem pro regenerativn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely. Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0pupe\u010dn\u00edkovou krv\u00ed je placenta mnohem v\u00edce obohacena o specifick\u00e9 formy kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed silnou prolifera\u010dn\u00ed a regenerativn\u00ed schopnost,\u201c<\/em> popisuje specialista na intern\u00ed medic\u00ednu, hematologii a onkologii z Mnichova PD Dr. med. Nils H. Theonnissen, aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eZa posledn\u00edch 10 let jsou stovky klinick\u00fdch studi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na pozitivn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky bun\u011bk placenty a jejich regenerativn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky. Hlavn\u00edm z\u00e1jmem jsou neurodegenerativn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b d\u011btsk\u00e9 mozkov\u00e9 obrny, mozkov\u00e9 mrtvice \u010di Alzheimerovy choroby. Dal\u0161\u00edm dobr\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad metabolick\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b cukrovky, probl\u00e9my s klouby v\u010detn\u011b chronick\u00e9 artritidy, stejn\u011b jako chronick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my se st\u0159evem, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad kolitida \u010di Crohnova choroba, a tak\u00e9 plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3za \u2013 chronick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed plic,\u201c<\/em> specifikuje dal\u0161\u00ed nemoci, kter\u00fdch se v\u00fdzkumy placenty t\u00fdkaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdzkum placenty n\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed jej\u00ed struktury a funkce, co\u017e je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o t\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny a prevenci komplikac\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed je jedine\u010dn\u00e9 a ka\u017ed\u00e1 placenta je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed, co\u017e zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de a podpory b\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. V t\u00e9to dob\u011b dynamick\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje ve v\u011bd\u011b a medic\u00edn\u011b si placenta zasluhuje zv\u00fd\u0161enou pozornost a respekt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

— <\/p>\n\n\n\n

O\u202fspole\u010dnosti Cord Blood Center CZ<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Banka pupe\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e9 krve Cord Blood Center v\u202f\u010cesk\u00e9 republice je \u010dlenem skupiny Cord Blood Center Group. Jedn\u00e1 se o tk\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pro banku pupe\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e9 krve Cord Blood Center v\u202f\u010cesk\u00e9 republice zabezpe\u010duje odb\u011br a skladovan\u00ed perinat\u00e1ln\u00edch tkan\u00ed. Je prvn\u00edm nest\u00e1tn\u00edm zdravotnick\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm pupe\u010dn\u00edkovou krev v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Ke sv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti m\u00e1 povolen\u00ed od St\u00e1tn\u00edho \u00fastavu pro kontrolu l\u00e9\u010div a \u0159\u00edd\u00ed se z\u00e1konem o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jakosti a bezpe\u010dnosti lidsk\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed a bun\u011bk, kter\u00fd navazuje na evropskou legislativu. Spolupracuje s\u202fdes\u00edtkami porodnic po cel\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. V\u00edce informac\u00ed na www.cordbloodcenter.cz<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cord Blood Center Group<\/strong> byla zalo\u017eena v roce 2002 odborn\u00edky z oblasti hematologie, imunologie, transplantologie a virologie. Je druhou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed evropskou bankou pupe\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e9 krve, kter\u00e1 poskytuje slu\u017eby v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b, i v dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch podle po\u017eadavk\u016f klient\u016f. Pobo\u010dky m\u00e1 v 7 zem\u00edch (\u010cesko, Slovensko, \u0160v\u00fdcarsko, Rakousko, It\u00e1lie, Ma\u010farsko, Rumunsko). Pupe\u010dn\u00edkovou a placent\u00e1rn\u00ed krev, tk\u00e1\u0148 pupe\u010dn\u00edku a tk\u00e1\u0148 placenty uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 pro v\u00edce ne\u017e 175 000 klient\u016f. Licencovan\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (laborato\u0159e a sklady) se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v\u202f\u010cesku, na Slovensku, v\u202fRakousku a Rumunsku. K l\u00e9\u010db\u011b vydala ji\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 300 jednotek pupe\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e9 krve, co\u017e Cord Blood Center Group \u0159ad\u00ed mezi evropskou \u0161pi\u010dku. Kmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky zpracovan\u00e9 v laborato\u0159\u00edch Cord Blood Center Group jsou akceptov\u00e1ny na l\u00e9\u010dbu v transplanta\u010dn\u00edch centrech doma i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u00f3dn\u00ed trend nebo v\u011bdeck\u00fd z\u00e1zrak? Placenta, je \u010dasto ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 jako plodov\u00e9 nebo mate\u0159sk\u00e9 l\u016f\u017eko. Jedn\u00e1 se o jedine\u010dn\u00fd, komplexn\u00ed org\u00e1n, kter\u00fd hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli b\u011bhem […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":48750,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48745","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48745","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=48745"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48745\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/48750"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=48745"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=48745"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=48745"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}