{"id":51206,"date":"2024-08-12T15:37:34","date_gmt":"2024-08-12T13:37:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=51206"},"modified":"2024-08-12T22:18:09","modified_gmt":"2024-08-12T20:18:09","slug":"prvni-okamziky-lidskeho-zivota-pod-drobnohledem-vedcu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=51206","title":{"rendered":"Prvn\u00ed okam\u017eiky lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota pod drobnohledem v\u011bdc\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Praha\/Brno, 12. 8. 2024 \u2013 Narozen\u00ed zdrav\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte nen\u00ed zdaleka takov\u00e1 samoz\u0159ejmost, jak by se mohlo zd\u00e1t. Jen zhruba ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u0159et\u00ed po\u010dat\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 embryo je schopno d\u00e1t vzniknout t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je zakon\u010deno p\u0159\u00edchodem nov\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u00ed\u010dka na sv\u011bt. Nejran\u011bj\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota jsou toti\u017e pln\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek, kter\u00e9 ne ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00e1rodek dovede p\u0159ekonat. Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdzkum \u010desk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f publikovan\u00fd v presti\u017en\u00edm v\u011bdeck\u00e9m \u010dasopise Nature Communications poodhaluje tajemstv\u00ed vzniku nov\u00e9ho lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eV publikovan\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci jsme se zab\u00fdvali studiem prvn\u00edho embryon\u00e1ln\u00edho d\u011blen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 kr\u00e1tce po oplozen\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd v\u00fdvojov\u00fd moment, kdy se mate\u0159sk\u00e9 a otcovsk\u00e9 chromozomy poprv\u00e9 potk\u00e1vaj\u00ed a nov\u00e1 kombinace genetick\u00e9 informace mus\u00ed b\u00fdt rovnom\u011brn\u011b distribuov\u00e1na do dvou dce\u0159in\u00fdch bun\u011bk. Jejich dal\u0161\u00edm d\u011blen\u00edm pak vznik\u00e1 cel\u00fd nov\u00fd organismus,\u201c<\/em> p\u0159ibli\u017euje problematiku autor studie MUDr. Volodymyr Porokh z \u00dastavu histologie a embryologie L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty Masarykovy univerzity. \u201eZjistili jsme, \u017ee prostorov\u00e1 orientace bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9ho d\u011blen\u00ed oplozen\u00e9ho vaj\u00ed\u010dka nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e1 a v\u00fdznamn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje \u0161anci na \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd embryon\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdsledky publikovan\u00e9 studie opravuj\u00ed u\u010debnicov\u00e1 sch\u00e9mata. Ta vych\u00e1zej\u00ed z dat z\u00edskan\u00fdch z pokus\u016f na my\u0161\u00edch, jejich\u017e reproduk\u010dn\u00ed biologie se v\u0161ak od t\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Auto\u0159i studie z\u00e1rove\u0148 upozor\u0148uj\u00ed na to, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 chyby prvn\u00edho embryon\u00e1ln\u00edho d\u011blen\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt pozd\u011bji ve v\u00fdvoji opraveny. Tato pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed maj\u00ed i praktick\u00fd dopad, proto\u017ee m\u011bn\u00ed pohled na znaky, kter\u00e9 byly a\u017e dosud pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za negativn\u00ed ukazatele kvality IVF embry\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed pohled na nejran\u011bj\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota, kter\u00e9 st\u00e1le skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed mnoho tajemstv\u00ed, umo\u017enily v\u011bdc\u016fm z\u00e1znamy \u010dasosb\u011brn\u00e9ho sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdvoje embry\u00ed po\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 v r\u00e1mci l\u00e9\u010dby neplodnosti ve spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edm centru asistovan\u00e9 reprodukce. \u201eIVF centra prov\u00e1d\u00ed monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdvoje embry\u00ed ji\u017e v\u00edc ne\u017e 15 let. Je to bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 technika, kter\u00e1 klinick\u00fdm embryolog\u016fm pom\u00e1h\u00e1 komplexn\u011bji posoudit kvalitu embrya a jeho vhodnost pro p\u0159enos do d\u011blohy. V\u017edy je lep\u0161\u00ed vid\u011bt cel\u00fd film ne\u017e jen p\u00e1r moment\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1b\u011br\u016f,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje vedouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu PharmDr. Zuzana Holubcov\u00e1, (\u00dastav histologie a embryologie LF MU) a zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci v\u00fdzkumu nebylo do v\u00fdvoje embry\u00ed nijak zasahov\u00e1no, ve\u0161ker\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry jsou odvozen\u00e9 z pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed anonymizovan\u00fdch obrazov\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biologick\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zkoumali, trv\u00e1 2\u20133 hodiny. Cel\u00e1 studie v\u0161ak byla opravdov\u00fd maraton. \u201eSb\u011br z\u00e1znam\u016f prob\u00edhal v\u00edc ne\u017e 4 roky. Pak jsme museli \u010dekat, a\u017e klinika obdr\u017e\u00ed zpr\u00e1vu od pacient\u016f, jak t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed dopadlo. N\u00e1sledn\u011b ka\u017ed\u00e9 video analyzovalo n\u011bkolik lid\u00ed, aby se co nejv\u00edc omezila subjektivita hodnocen\u00ed. Museli jsme nasb\u00edrat dostate\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed dat, aby n\u00e1\u0161 soubor byl reprezentativn\u00ed a my mohli vyvozovat obecn\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry. Jenom recenzn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku pak zabralo skoro rok,\u201c<\/em> vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 doktorka Holubcov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm p\u0159edpokladem pro realizaci studie byla spolupr\u00e1ce v\u011bdeck\u00e9 a klinick\u00e9 laborato\u0159e. \u201eD\u00edky spolupr\u00e1ci s v\u011bdci si roz\u0161i\u0159ujeme obzory, vym\u011b\u0148ujeme n\u00e1zory a zku\u0161enosti. To n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje neust\u00e1le zvy\u0161ovat kvalitu p\u00e9\u010de poskytovan\u00e9 na\u0161im pacient\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed si k n\u00e1m p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed splnit sen o zalo\u017een\u00ed rodiny,\u201c<\/em> dopl\u0148uje Mgr. So\u0148a Kloudov\u00e1 Ph.D., vedouc\u00ed embryologick\u00e9 laborato\u0159e kliniky Reprofit International v Brn\u011b, kter\u00e1 je spoluautorkou studie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odkaz na \u010dl\u00e1nek: https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-024-50732-z<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odkaz na aktualitu LF MU: https:\/\/www.med.muni.cz\/veda-a-vyzkum\/veda-a-vyzkum\/aktuality\/4d-zaznamy-odhaluji-prvni-okamziky-vyvoje-lidskych-embryi<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Praha\/Brno, 12. 8. 2024 \u2013 Narozen\u00ed zdrav\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte nen\u00ed zdaleka takov\u00e1 samoz\u0159ejmost, jak by se mohlo zd\u00e1t. Jen zhruba ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u0159et\u00ed po\u010dat\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 embryo je […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":48748,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=51206"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51206\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/48748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=51206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=51206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=51206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}