{"id":51413,"date":"2024-08-20T14:22:40","date_gmt":"2024-08-20T12:22:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=51413"},"modified":"2024-08-20T14:22:41","modified_gmt":"2024-08-20T12:22:41","slug":"chronicky-nemocne-ledviny-ma-asi-milion-cechu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=51413","title":{"rendered":"Chronicky nemocn\u00e9 ledviny m\u00e1 asi milion \u010cech\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L\u00e9\u010dba m\u016f\u017ee odd\u00e1lit dial\u00fdzu<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Praha, 20. 8. 2024 \u2013 Zdrav\u00e9 ledviny p\u0159efiltruj\u00ed denn\u011b stovky litr\u016f krve. Pokud v\u0161ak selh\u00e1vaj\u00ed, mus\u00ed pomoci technologie \u2013 dial\u00fdza. Ta se v\u00a0\u010cesku t\u00fdk\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 6 500 lid\u00ed. Po\u0161kozen\u00e9 ledviny p\u0159itom zpo\u010d\u00e1tku nebol\u00ed a jejich selh\u00e1n\u00ed se ani nijak neprojevuje. I proto l\u00e9ka\u0159i \u010dasto chronick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin (CKD) objev\u00ed a\u017e v\u00a0pokro\u010dil\u00e9 f\u00e1zi. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00a0nejv\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech se jejich nositel\u00e9 nevyhnou dial\u00fdze, p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed je transplantace ledviny. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed funkce tohoto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho org\u00e1nu je cukrovka 2. typu. Riziko v\u0161ak p\u0159edstavuje i vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak nebo ateroskler\u00f3za \u2013 kornat\u011bn\u00ed tepen. Pacient\u016fm s\u00a0po\u0161kozen\u00fdmi ledvinami pom\u00e1haj\u00ed l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 nemoc um\u00ed zpomalit, a odd\u00e1lit t\u00edm selh\u00e1n\u00ed ledvin a pot\u0159ebu dial\u00fdzy \u0159\u00e1dov\u011b o roky.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eU v\u011bt\u0161iny pacient\u016f se po\u0161kozen\u00ed ledvin v\u00a0ran\u00e9 f\u00e1zi nijak neprojevuje. Prvn\u00edm sign\u00e1lem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt b\u00edlkovina v\u00a0mo\u010di nebo nov\u011b vznikl\u00e1 hypertenze u mlad\u0161\u00edch pacient\u016f. Tu zpravidla objev\u00ed praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 p\u0159i preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddce. Sice to hned neznamen\u00e1 komplikace a sn\u00ed\u017eenou kvalitu \u017eivota, ale je to varov\u00e1n\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. MUDr. Romana Ry\u0161av\u00e1, CSc., \u010dlenka v\u00fdboru \u010cesk\u00e9 nefrologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. V\u00a0pokro\u010dil\u00e9 f\u00e1zi onemocn\u011bn\u00ed pacient\u016fm tak\u00e9 mohou ot\u00e9kat nohy, pacienti se zavod\u0148uj\u00ed nebo v\u00a0mo\u010di nach\u00e1z\u00ed krev. P\u0159esn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla v\u00fdskytu nemoci lze podle prof. Ry\u0161av\u00e9 pouze odhadovat. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201e\u0158ada pacient\u016f toti\u017e o po\u0161kozen\u00ed ledvin nev\u00ed. Ze studi\u00ed v\u0161ak vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee CKD trp\u00ed asi 10\u201312 % populace. To v\u00a0\u010cesku vych\u00e1z\u00ed na milion lid\u00ed s\u00a0nemocn\u00fdmi ledvinami,\u201c <\/em>upozor\u0148uje. Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ledvin zp\u016fsobuje podle l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f v\u00edce faktor\u016f, p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edm ov\u0161em z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 diabetes 2. typu. \u201eS diabetickou nefropati\u00ed se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me nej\u010dast\u011bji, tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40\u00a0% p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. Po\u0161kozen\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje tak\u00e9 vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak, v\u00a0men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e pak vrozen\u00e9 choroby ledvin a autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kolem 10 %,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof.\u00a0Ry\u0161av\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kv\u016fli \u00fazk\u00e9mu propojen\u00ed s onemocn\u011bn\u00edm ledvin by diabetologov\u00e9 a prakti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i m\u011bli diabetik\u016fm pravideln\u011b sledovat hladinu b\u00edlkoviny v\u00a0mo\u010di. Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ledvin toti\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zaj\u00edt tak daleko, \u017ee ledviny za\u010dnou \u00fapln\u011b selh\u00e1vat. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201ePacientovi pak nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e podstoupit transplantaci ledvin. V\u00a0\u010cesku jich provedeme ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b asi 500. Pro transplantaci v\u0161ak nejsou vhodn\u00ed v\u0161ichni pacienti, a\u0165 u\u017e z\u00a0d\u016fvodu v\u011bku, nebo jejich celkov\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho stavu, a ti jsou pak odk\u00e1z\u00e1ni na dial\u00fdzu. Pravideln\u011b na ni chod\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 6\u00a0500\u00a0lid\u00ed, z\u00a0toho asi 35 % kv\u016fli cukrovce,\u201c <\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Ry\u0161av\u00e1. D\u00edky pokroku v technologi\u00edch se podle n\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesku zvy\u0161uje po\u010det pacient\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed si dial\u00fdzu sami prov\u00e1d\u00ed doma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro pacienty s\u00a0nemocn\u00fdmi ledvinami maj\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i k dispozici l\u00e9ky, tzv. glifloziny. Ty krom\u011b toho, \u017ee chr\u00e1n\u00ed ledviny, pom\u00e1haj\u00ed tak\u00e9 p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b cukrovky a srde\u010dn\u00edho selh\u00e1n\u00ed. \u201eGlifloziny p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b obrat v\u00a0mo\u017enostech l\u00e9\u010dby a v\u00a0progn\u00f3ze pro na\u0161e pacienty. Tlum\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd filtra\u010dn\u00ed tlak v\u00a0ledvinov\u00fdch klub\u00ed\u010dk\u00e1ch, a t\u00edm je chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed po\u0161kozen\u00edm. Sni\u017euj\u00ed tak\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty b\u00edlkoviny do mo\u010di. V\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e po\u0161kozen\u00ed ledvin tak m\u016f\u017eeme nutnost dial\u00fdzy odd\u00e1lit a\u017e o n\u011bkolik let,\u201c <\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Ry\u0161av\u00e1. Podle n\u00ed je nyn\u00ed trendem nasazovat l\u00e9\u010dbu co nejd\u0159\u00edve a pacienty na n\u00ed dr\u017eet dlouhodob\u011b. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 je podle expert\u016f tak\u00e9 prevence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eHl\u00eddat bychom m\u011bli p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm diabetiky, osoby s\u00a0vysok\u00fdm krevn\u00edm tlakem nebo s\u00a0jin\u00fdm kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm. Mus\u00edme je sledovat, a\u0165 u\u017e v\u00a0r\u00e1mci preventivn\u00edch, nebo dispenz\u00e1rn\u00edch prohl\u00eddek. Vhodn\u00e9 je m\u00edt pod kontrolou tak\u00e9 pacienty, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed choroby ledvin v\u00a0rodin\u011b,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 prof. Ry\u0161av\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b kontroly b\u00edlkovin v mo\u010di mohou l\u00e9ka\u0159i prov\u00e9st i jednoduch\u00fd krevn\u00ed test, jen\u017e uk\u00e1\u017ee stav funkce ledvin. Odborn\u00edci proto doporu\u010duj\u00ed, aby lid\u00e9 nezanedb\u00e1vali preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky, kter\u00e9 mohou onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin odhalit d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e se dostane do pokro\u010dil\u00e9 f\u00e1ze a za\u010dne se projevovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00edce informac\u00ed o onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin lze naj\u00edt na webu www.osladtocukrovce.cz<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00e9\u010dba m\u016f\u017ee odd\u00e1lit dial\u00fdzu Praha, 20. 8. 2024 \u2013 Zdrav\u00e9 ledviny p\u0159efiltruj\u00ed denn\u011b stovky litr\u016f krve. Pokud v\u0161ak selh\u00e1vaj\u00ed, mus\u00ed pomoci technologie \u2013 dial\u00fdza. Ta […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27310,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51413","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51413","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=51413"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51413\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/27310"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=51413"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=51413"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=51413"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}