Jestli n\u011bco opravdu hodn\u011b znep\u0159\u00edjem\u0148uje ka\u017edodenn\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak je to \u0161patn\u00fd zrak. Rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje kvalitu \u017eivota. N\u011bkdy jde o probl\u00e9m zp\u016fsoben\u00fd p\u0159\u00edmo v oku, jindy se ale jedn\u00e1 o doprovodn\u00fd projev jin\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Oftalmologov\u00e9 prozradili, co v\u0161echno m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1hl\u00e9 i postupn\u011b vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed rozost\u0159en\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed znamenat a jak se rozmazan\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed zbavit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed je v\u011bt\u0161inou popisov\u00e1no jako ztr\u00e1ta kontrastu nebo omezen\u00e9 rozli\u0161en\u00ed detail\u016f. Jak popisuje \u010dl\u00e1nek v sekci Porozum\u011bn\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Zeiss, v\u011bci vid\u00edme zaml\u017een\u011b a na r\u016fzn\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti nedok\u00e1\u017eeme zaost\u0159it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u011bkter\u00e9 lidi postihne rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed jednoho oka. Toho si lze v\u0161imnout p\u0159i zav\u0159en\u00ed \u201edobr\u00e9ho\u201c oka. Jin\u00ed vid\u00ed rozost\u0159en\u011b na ob\u011b o\u010di.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eRozost\u0159en\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din, kter\u00e9 nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt pouze o\u010dn\u00edho p\u016fvodu. Pokud jde o n\u00e1hlou zm\u011bnu vid\u011bn\u00ed, v\u011bt\u0161inou se jedn\u00e1 o \u00faraz, n\u011bjak\u00fd z\u00e1n\u011bt, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b krv\u00e1cen\u00ed,\u201c vyjmenov\u00e1v\u00e1 oftalmolog Radan Zugar, prim\u00e1\u0159 O\u010dn\u00edho centra Praha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vid\u011bn\u00ed rozost\u0159\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed nemoci<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny neostr\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed refrak\u010dn\u00ed vady, jako je kr\u00e1tkozrakost, dalekozrakost \u010di astigmatismus. \u201eObvykle se rozmazan\u00fdm vid\u011bn\u00edm projev\u00ed \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k zakalen\u00ed \u010do\u010dky. Nebo zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd nitroo\u010dn\u00ed tlak po\u0161kozuje zrakov\u00fd nerv,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 doktor Zugar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K n\u00e1hl\u00e9mu rozost\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st i makul\u00e1rn\u00ed degenerace (po\u0161kozen\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti s\u00edtnice). Tak\u00e9 se takto projevuje odchl\u00edpen\u00ed s\u00edtnice, co\u017e je akutn\u00ed stav, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje okam\u017eit\u00fd z\u00e1sah o\u010dn\u00edho chirurga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
O\u010di odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed i migr\u00e9nu \u010di hypertenzi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Krom\u011b o\u010dn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f mohou k rozost\u0159en\u00e9mu vid\u011bn\u00ed v\u00e9st i neurologick\u00e9 nebo syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 poruchy. Nap\u0159\u00edklad migr\u00e9na s aurou m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit do\u010dasn\u00e9 rozmaz\u00e1n\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed. I c\u00e9vn\u00ed mozkov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edhoda m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt podobn\u00fd projev.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eOvlivnit zrak m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 komplikace diabetu, jako je diabetick\u00e1 retinopatie (nez\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edtnice vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed vlivem posti\u017een\u00ed c\u00e9v p\u0159i cukrovce; pozn. red.),\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed oftalmolog.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rovn\u011b\u017e hypertenze, pokud dlouhodob\u011b nen\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dena, m\u016f\u017ee podle Radana Zugara zp\u016fsobit po\u0161kozen\u00ed s\u00edtnice a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 zhor\u0161en\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kdy vyhledat pomoc l\u00e9ka\u0159e<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zna\u010dit v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd zdravotn\u00ed stav. Vyskytne-li se u v\u00e1s n\u00e1hle rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed a kter\u00fdkoli z p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f uveden\u00fdch n\u00ed\u017ee, zavolejte m\u00edstn\u00ed z\u00e1chrannou slu\u017ebu. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b po\u017e\u00e1dejte \u010dlena rodiny \u010di kamar\u00e1da, aby v\u00e1s odvedl na nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed pohotovost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mezi alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
intenzivn\u00ed bolest hlavy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 bolest o\u010d\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pocit dezorientace<\/p>\n\n\n\n
obt\u00ed\u017ee mluvit nebo se h\u00fdbat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sv\u011bteln\u00e9 kruhy nebo tmav\u00e9 skvrny v zorn\u00e9m poli<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zdroj: Zeiss.cz<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch 9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010din rozmazan\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. Katarakta neboli \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal (katarakta) je stav, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m se sni\u017euje pr\u016fhlednost lidsk\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky. Nej\u010dast\u011bji k tomu doch\u00e1z\u00ed v d\u016fsledku st\u00e1rnut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eV\u011bt\u0161inou se \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal objevuje ve v\u011bku 65 a\u017e 75 let. Projevuje se zaml\u017een\u00fdm vid\u011bn\u00edm, zv\u00fd\u0161enou citlivost\u00ed na sv\u011btlo a zm\u011bnami vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed barev, kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto jev\u00ed bled\u0161\u00ed. L\u00e9\u010dbou je chirurgick\u00e9 odstran\u011bn\u00ed zakalen\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky a jej\u00ed nahrazen\u00ed um\u011blou \u010do\u010dkou,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Radan Zugar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A\u010dkoliv lze \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal l\u00e9\u010dit rychlou a bezbolestnou operac\u00ed, mezi lidmi bohu\u017eel koluj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 m\u00fdty. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto m\u00fdty (viz n\u00ed\u017ee) je nut\u00ed \u017e\u00edt se \u0161patn\u00fdm zrakem a probl\u00e9m ne\u0159e\u0161it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00fdtus je, \u017ee \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal mus\u00ed uzr\u00e1t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U n\u011bkter\u00fdch lid\u00ed st\u00e1le p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1zor, \u017ee se \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal mus\u00ed nechat takzvan\u011b uzr\u00e1t. Toto ale platilo p\u0159ed mnoha lety, kdy se pou\u017e\u00edvala jin\u00e1 opera\u010dn\u00ed metoda a \u010do\u010dka musela b\u00fdt tvrd\u00e1. Dnes u\u017e je v\u0161e jinak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201ePacient by operaci nem\u011bl zbyte\u010dn\u011b odkl\u00e1dat. M\u011bl by ji podstoupit ve chv\u00edli, kdy ho \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal omezuje v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b,\u201c rad\u00ed Radan Zugar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201e\u010c\u00edm v\u00edce je \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal takzvan\u011b uzr\u00e1l\u00fd, tedy star\u0161\u00ed, t\u00edm b\u00fdv\u00e1 o\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dka v\u00edce posti\u017een\u00e1. Je tvrd\u0161\u00ed a h\u016f\u0159 se odstra\u0148uje. Operace je pak n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et v\u00edce rizik a n\u00e1sledn\u00e1 rehabilitace je tak\u00e9 del\u0161\u00ed,\u201c varuje oftalmolog.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. Glaukom neboli zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal (glaukom) je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje po\u0161kozen\u00ed zrakov\u00e9ho nervu uvnit\u0159 oka. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed web Zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal, jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch faktor\u016f vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch vznik a rozvoj glaukomu je vysok\u00fd nitroo\u010dn\u00ed tlak. Proto je i prvotn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba c\u00edlena na jeho sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eKrom\u011b rozost\u0159en\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed se m\u016f\u017ee u n\u011bkter\u00fdch typ\u016f zelen\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu objevit i siln\u00e1 bolest oka, zarudnut\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u011b z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed zorn\u00e9ho pole,\u201c upozor\u0148uje Radan Zugar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal d\u011bl\u00ed medic\u00edna na chronick\u00fd a akutn\u00ed. Chronick\u00fd o sob\u011b zpo\u010d\u00e1tku ned\u00e1 v\u011bd\u011bt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky a zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed zraku u n\u011bj nast\u00e1v\u00e1 postupn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eP\u0159itom pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u010dasn\u00e9 odhalen\u00ed tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 p\u0159i jeho l\u00e9\u010db\u011b. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b akutn\u00edho zelen\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu se u pacient\u016f objev\u00ed nejen rozmazan\u00e9 a zaml\u017een\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed a bolest v oku, ale p\u0159idat se m\u016f\u017ee i pocit na zvracen\u00ed nebo p\u0159\u00edmo zvracen\u00ed,\u201c upozor\u0148uje na dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak Martin Fu\u010d\u00edk z o\u010dn\u00ed kliniky Lexum v Praze Bud\u011bjovick\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Revolu\u010dn\u00ed technologie k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b glaukomu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e9\u010dba zelen\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu zahrnuje o\u010dn\u00ed kapky ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nitroo\u010dn\u00edho tlaku, laserovou terapi, nebo chirurgick\u00fd z\u00e1krok, jak popisuje odborn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek v \u010dasopise Farmacie pro praxi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V O\u010dn\u00edm centru Praha letos v \u010dervnu jako prvn\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice vyzkou\u0161eli novou, revolu\u010dn\u00ed technologie v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b glaukomu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jedn\u00e1 se metodu minim\u00e1ln\u011b invazivn\u00ed mikrosklerostomie (viz n\u00ed\u017ee), ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 zkratkou MIMS. Jeho v\u00fdhodou oproti obdobn\u00fdm metod\u00e1m p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b glaukomu je, \u017ee nevy\u017eaduje implantaci stent\u016f napom\u00e1haj\u00edc\u00edch odtoku nitroo\u010dn\u00ed tekutiny z oblast\u00ed oka, kde je mu kladen nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed odpor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 mikrosklerostomie<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Speci\u00e1ln\u011b navr\u017een\u00fd chirurgick\u00fd n\u00e1stroj je vlo\u017een do skl\u00e9ry (b\u011blma), kter\u00e1 je vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ochrannou vrstvou oka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eV b\u011blmu odstran\u00ed mal\u00fd kan\u00e1l tk\u00e1n\u011b. Tento kan\u00e1l pot\u00e9 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 otev\u0159en\u00fd a neust\u00e1le odv\u00e1d\u00ed nitroo\u010dn\u00ed tekutinu, co\u017e efektivn\u011b sni\u017euje nitroo\u010dn\u00ed tlak,\u201c popisuje novou technologii Andrea Janekov\u00e1, vedouc\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159ka centra kataraktov\u00e9 a refrak\u010dn\u00ed chirurgie a z\u00e1stupkyn\u011b prim\u00e1\u0159e O\u010dn\u00edho centra Praha, kter\u00e1 operaci poprv\u00e9 provedla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mikrosklerostomie poskytuje pacient\u016fm s glaukomem minim\u00e1ln\u011b invazivn\u00ed alternativu, kdy nejsou t\u0159eba stenty. Metoda je snadn\u00e1 na pou\u017eit\u00ed a m\u00e9n\u011b pacienta zat\u011b\u017euje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dosavadn\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee se po prvn\u00edm roce po nov\u00e9mu z\u00e1kroku m\u016f\u017ee a\u017e o 8 5 % sn\u00ed\u017eit medikace a nitroo\u010dn\u00ed tlak u pacient\u016f kles\u00e1 o 38 %.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Diabetick\u00e1 retinopatie<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Diabetick\u00e1 retinopatie je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed c\u00e9v o\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edtnice. Obvykle se dostav\u00ed po n\u011bkolika letech trv\u00e1n\u00ed cukrovky. Komplikace ov\u0161em mohou ne\u010dekan\u011b propuknout mnohem d\u0159\u00edve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eVid\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zaml\u017een\u00e9. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed k tvorb\u011b \u010dern\u00fdch skvrn, takzvan\u00fdch mu\u0161ek v zorn\u00e9m poli. V pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1di\u00edch m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk a\u017e oslepnout,\u201c vysv\u011btluje doktor Zugar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A co se to s o\u010dima diabetika vlastn\u011b d\u011bje? V \u010dl\u00e1nku pro Den\u00edk Jak moc hroz\u00ed cukrovk\u00e1\u0159\u016fm slepota to popsala Dana Fillov\u00e1, specialistka na l\u00e9\u010dbu s\u00edtnice a sklivce z O\u010dn\u00edho centra Praha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eVysok\u00e1 hladina cukru v krvi zp\u016fsobuje ucp\u00e1n\u00ed a po\u0161kozen\u00ed drobn\u00fdch c\u00e9v, kter\u00fdmi je s\u00edtnice protk\u00e1na, a t\u00edm se zhor\u0161uje jej\u00ed prokrven\u00ed. P\u0159i dal\u0161\u00ed form\u011b diabetick\u00e9 retinopatie c\u00e9vy v s\u00edtnici takzvan\u011b net\u011bsn\u00ed, vyt\u00e9k\u00e1 z nich tekutina a zp\u016fsobuje otok s\u00edtnice,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Dana Fillov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dobr\u00e1 kompenzace je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 prokrven\u00ed i otok s\u00edtnice u \u0161patn\u011b kompenzovan\u00fdch diabetik\u016f pak ni\u010d\u00ed schopnost vid\u011bn\u00ed. Oko se sna\u017e\u00ed napravit situaci r\u016fstem nov\u00fdch c\u00e9v. Ty jsou ale nekvalitn\u00ed, praskaj\u00ed a mohou zp\u016fsobit odchl\u00edpen\u00ed s\u00edtnice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eZcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro prevenci diabetick\u00e9 retinopatie je dobr\u00e1 kompenzace z\u00e1kladn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, tedy cukrovky,\u201c vysv\u011btluje docent Martin \u0160\u00edn, p\u0159ednosta O\u010dn\u00ed kliniky 1. L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty Univerzity Karlovy a \u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 nemocnice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eVelmi zjednodu\u0161en\u011b lze \u0159\u00edct, i kdy\u017e ne \u00fapln\u011b stoprocentn\u011b, \u017ee pokud by byla cukrovka dob\u0159e kompenzov\u00e1na, tak pozdn\u00ed komplikace, jako je diabetick\u00e1 retinopatie v\u016fbec nenastanou. K tomu je pot\u0159eba je\u0161t\u011b dob\u0159e l\u00e9\u010dit doprovodn\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed – hlavn\u011b vysok\u00fd tlak – a kontrolovat hladinu cholesterolu,\u201c popisuje Martin \u0160\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. V\u011bkem podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 makul\u00e1rn\u00ed degenerace<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jedn\u00e1 se o velmi z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed s\u00edtnice, kter\u00e9 je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty zraku u star\u0161\u00edch lid\u00ed. V rozvinut\u00fdch zem\u00edch je dokonce nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou slepoty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159i makul\u00e1rn\u00ed degeneraci je posti\u017eena \u017elut\u00e1 skvrna, tedy centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st o\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edtnice. Kv\u016fli tomu lid\u00e9 mohou uprost\u0159ed zorn\u00e9ho pole vid\u011bt \u0161edou skvrnu nebo st\u00edn. Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed se vyskytuje ve dvou form\u00e1ch \u2013 such\u00e1 a vlhk\u00e1. Vlhk\u00e1 forma postupuje velmi rychle a dok\u00e1\u017ee zni\u010dit zrak b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika t\u00fddn\u016f \u010di m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u010dasn\u00fdm rozpozn\u00e1n\u00edm t\u00e9to nemoci lze pomoc\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f ztr\u00e1tu zraku zastavit. Lid\u00e9 nad 50 let by proto m\u011bli pravideln\u011b podstupovat komplexn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, a to v\u010detn\u011b specializovan\u00e9 optick\u00e9 koherentn\u00ed tomografie. Tato metoda podrobn\u011b zobrazuje strukturu s\u00edtnice a funk\u010dnost v\u0161ech jej\u00edch vrstev.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. Odchl\u00edpen\u00ed s\u00edtnice<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Odchl\u00edpen\u00ed s\u00edtnice nastane, kdy\u017e je vych\u00fdlena ze sv\u00e9 obvykl\u00e9 polohy. M\u016f\u017ee se to st\u00e1t p\u0159i pohmo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed oka, nebo tak\u00e9 p\u0159i nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed nitroo\u010dn\u00edho tlaku kv\u016fli zelen\u00e9mu z\u00e1kalu. Jedn\u00e1 se o v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd stav, kter\u00fd je nutn\u00e9 okam\u017eit\u011b l\u00e9\u010dit, proto\u017ee hroz\u00ed oslepnut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eKrom\u011b rozmazan\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed k varovn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edznak\u016fm blesky, z\u00e1blesky sv\u011btla a st\u00edny nebo z\u00e1voje p\u0159ed zrakem. Nutn\u00e1 je urgentn\u00ed operace, aby se s\u00edtnice znovu p\u0159ilo\u017eila,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Radan Zugar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6. Such\u00e9 oko<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Such\u00e9 oko nejen\u017ee zp\u016fsobuje podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje kvalitu vid\u011bn\u00ed. \u201eKdy\u017e oko nem\u00e1 dostatek slzn\u00e9 tekutiny nebo jsou slzy nekvalitn\u00ed, povrch rohovky nen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b hydratov\u00e1n. To vede k rozmazan\u00e9mu vid\u011bn\u00ed. Pacienti \u010dasto popisuj\u00ed p\u00e1len\u00ed, pocit p\u00edsku v oku, \u00fanavu o\u010d\u00ed a p\u0159echodn\u00e9 rozost\u0159en\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Radan Zugar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e9\u010dba such\u00e9ho oka zahrnuje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed um\u011bl\u00fdch slz \u010di gelov\u00fdch kapek. V z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech jsou pot\u0159eba i l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 z\u00e1kroky, nap\u0159\u00edklad uz\u00e1v\u011bry slzn\u00fdch kan\u00e1lk\u016f, nebo p\u0159edpis l\u00e9k\u016f, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed produkci slz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
7. Presbyopie neboli vetchozrakost<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fyziologick\u00e9 zm\u011bny zraku souvisej\u00edc\u00ed se st\u00e1rnut\u00edm se projev\u00ed po n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00edch \u017eivota. Prvn\u00ed z nich p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed \u010dasto u\u017e kolem 40. roku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Presbyopie neboli vetchozrakost je p\u0159irozenou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed st\u00e1rnut\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed. Souvis\u00ed se ztr\u00e1tou pru\u017enosti \u010do\u010dky. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se projevuje neschopnost\u00ed zaost\u0159it na b\u011b\u017enou \u010dtec\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Se zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm se v\u011bkem se zpravidla obt\u00ed\u017ee stup\u0148uj\u00ed a objevit se m\u016f\u017ee neostr\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di nebo \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed auta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eU klient\u016f ve st\u0159edn\u00edm a vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku, kte\u0159\u00ed k n\u00e1m p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed s presbyopi\u00ed, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me k vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed neostr\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed implantaci nitroo\u010dn\u00edch \u010do\u010dek. Nov\u011b chyst\u00e1me na na\u0161ich o\u010dn\u00edch klinik\u00e1ch laserov\u00e9 z\u00e1kroky i pro klienty nad 40 let, tedy i pro pom\u011brn\u011b mlad\u00e9 lidi,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Jakub Ventruba, oftalmolog z o\u010dn\u00ed kliniky Lexum v Brn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8. O\u010dn\u00ed infekce<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed infekce pat\u0159\u00ed bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo virov\u00e1 konjunktivitida. Ta se projevuje zarudnut\u00edm, sekrec\u00ed a n\u011bkdy i rozost\u0159en\u00fdm vid\u011bn\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dastou infekc\u00ed je keratitida, co\u017e je z\u00e1n\u011bt rohovky. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zp\u016fsoben bakteriemi, viry (nap\u0159\u00edklad herpetick\u00fdmi) \u010di pl\u00edsn\u011bmi a \u00farazy. Infekce v o\u010d\u00edch velmi \u010dasto vznikaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 v souvislosti s no\u0161en\u00edm kontaktn\u00edch \u010do\u010dek. Keratitida se projevuje bolest\u00ed, zv\u00fd\u0161enou citlivost\u00ed na sv\u011btlo a rozmazan\u00fdm vid\u011bn\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eEndoftalmitida, op\u011bt zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00ed rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed, je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1 infekce vnit\u0159n\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed oka. M\u016f\u017ee nastat nap\u0159\u00edklad po operaci katarakty (\u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu). Pokud se ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed v\u010das, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k trval\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b zraku,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 prim\u00e1\u0159 Radan Zugar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
9. \u00darazy oka<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rozost\u0159en\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed mohou zp\u016fsobit i \u00farazy oka. M\u016f\u017ee se jednat o mechanick\u00e1 poran\u011bn\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u00fadery do oka, vniknut\u00ed ciz\u00edho t\u011blesa nebo poran\u011bn\u00ed rohovky. \u00darazy mohou v\u00e9st k do\u010dasn\u00fdm i trval\u00fdm poruch\u00e1m vid\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tak\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 pop\u00e1leniny oka, kdy oko p\u0159ijde do styku s dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami, mohou v\u00e1\u017en\u011b po\u0161kodit rohovku nebo spojivku a zp\u016fsobit rozost\u0159en\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed. Siln\u00e9 \u00fadery do oka mohou krom\u011b nitroo\u010dn\u00edch tk\u00e1n\u00ed tak\u00e9 po\u0161kodit optick\u00fd nerv, co\u017e by mohlo m\u00edt za n\u00e1sledek v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 poruchy vid\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Shrnut\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rozost\u0159en\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee nastat z mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din, kter\u00e9 nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt jen o\u010dn\u00edho p\u016fvodu. Pokud jde o n\u00e1hlou zm\u011bnu vid\u011bn\u00ed, v\u011bt\u0161inou se jedn\u00e1 o \u00faraz, n\u011bjak\u00fd z\u00e1n\u011bt, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b krv\u00e1cen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny neostr\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed refrak\u010dn\u00ed vady, jako je kr\u00e1tkozrakost, dalekozrakost \u010di astigmatismus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Krom\u011b o\u010dn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f mohou k rozost\u0159en\u00e9mu vid\u011bn\u00ed v\u00e9st i neurologick\u00e9 nebo syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 poruchy, nap\u0159\u00edklad migr\u00e9na s aurou, komplikace diabetu nebo hypertenze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zdena Lackov\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pra\u017esk\u00fd den\u00edk<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/prazsky.denik.cz<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Jestli n\u011bco opravdu hodn\u011b znep\u0159\u00edjem\u0148uje ka\u017edodenn\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak je to \u0161patn\u00fd zrak. Rozmazan\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje kvalitu \u017eivota. N\u011bkdy jde o probl\u00e9m zp\u016fsoben\u00fd p\u0159\u00edmo […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14174,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52371","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=52371"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52371\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=52371"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=52371"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=52371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}