{"id":52492,"date":"2024-10-16T15:04:15","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T13:04:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=52492"},"modified":"2024-10-16T15:04:16","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T13:04:16","slug":"nemoci-srdce-ledvin-a-metabolismu-se-radu-let-schovavaji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=52492","title":{"rendered":"Nemoci srdce, ledvin a metabolismu se \u0159adu let schov\u00e1vaj\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Praha, 16. 10. 2024 \u2013 Mraven\u010d\u00ed pr\u00e1ce \u2013 tak by se dalo nazvat \u00fasil\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f objevit v\u010das cukrovku, selh\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed ledviny nebo srdce. V\u0161echny t\u0159i nemoci se toti\u017e umn\u011b schov\u00e1vaj\u00ed a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nijak na sebe zpo\u010d\u00e1tku neupozor\u0148uj\u00ed. Kdy\u017e u\u017e se to v\u0161ak stane, pacientovi do\u017eivotn\u011b zna\u010dn\u011b ztrp\u010d\u00ed \u017eivot. A pokud l\u00e9ka\u0159 naraz\u00ed na jednu z nich, je velice pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee ve skrytu u\u017e \u010d\u00edhaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed dv\u011b. Srdce, ledviny a nemoci metabolismu, jako je pr\u00e1v\u011b cukrovka, jsou toti\u017e \u201espojen\u00e9 n\u00e1doby\u201c.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eJednotliv\u00e9 nemoci se ti\u0161e rozv\u00edj\u00ed i 10 let, ne\u017e pacient n\u011bco opravdu poc\u00edt\u00ed. Pokud chod\u00ed na preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky, projev\u00ed se znaky, \u017ee se v t\u011ble d\u011bje n\u011bco nekal\u00e9ho, v\u010das. Pak je ale t\u0159eba p\u00e1trat i po dal\u0161\u00edch nemocech, kter\u00e9 mohou s tou p\u016fvodn\u00ed souviset. Kdy\u017e pacientovi za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 selh\u00e1vat srdce, ovliv\u0148uje to i funkci ledvin a naopak. Zm\u011bny v organismu, kter\u00e9 vedou k cukrovce 2. typu, \u010dasto z\u00e1rove\u0148 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed krevn\u00ed tlak, jen\u017e \u0161kod\u00ed srdci i ledvin\u00e1m,\u201c <\/em>vysv\u011btluje MUDr. Michal Kr\u010dma, Ph.D., vedouc\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 diabetologick\u00e9ho centra FN Plze\u0148.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle specialist\u016f trp\u00ed 60 % pacient\u016f s chronicky po\u0161kozen\u00fdmi ledvinami z\u00e1rove\u0148 kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b u 1 ze 3 pacient\u016f s cukrovkou 2. typu nefunguje spr\u00e1vn\u011b srdce. A\u017e 40 % pacient\u016f s diabetem m\u00e1 i chronick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin \u2013 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 hladina cukru je po\u0161kozuje a jizv\u00ed. Proto je dle expert\u016f nutn\u00e9 ji\u017e od za\u010d\u00e1tku onemocn\u011bn\u00ed pravideln\u011b sledovat pacientovo srdce a ledviny, i kdy\u017e m\u00e1 stabiln\u00ed hladinu cukru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eSelh\u00e1n\u00ed ledvin nijak nebol\u00ed, odhadem 5\u201310 let se rozv\u00edj\u00ed a \u010dlov\u011bk to nijak nepoc\u00edt\u00ed. Kdy\u017e ano, tak je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pozd\u011b. Sta\u010d\u00ed p\u0159itom chodit na preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky, kde se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed hladina kreatininu v\u00a0krvi a nejl\u00e9pe i b\u00edlkovina v\u00a0mo\u010di a ty jasn\u011b odhal\u00ed, zda je s\u00a0ledvinami v\u0161e v\u00a0po\u0159\u00e1dku nebo ne,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Kr\u010dma, Ph.D. Stejn\u011b tak je v\u00a0r\u00e1mci prevence mo\u017en\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159it hladinu natriuretick\u00fdch peptid\u016f, kter\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed na mo\u017en\u00e9 selh\u00e1n\u00ed srdce. Pro prevenci diabetu lze sledovat hladinu cukru v\u00a0krvi nala\u010dno, co\u017e je tak\u00e9 b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eV\u0161echny t\u0159i zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 nemoci se \u010dasto poj\u00ed s\u00a0obezitou a vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u011bkem. P\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 chronick\u00fdch selh\u00e1n\u00ed ledvin, srdce i cukrovky. Minim\u00e1ln\u011b rozvoji diabetu a srde\u010dn\u00edho selh\u00e1n\u00ed lze \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b p\u0159edej\u00edt \u00fapravou \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu a v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee n\u00e1m genetika rozdala \u201a\u0161patn\u00e9 karty\u2018, alespo\u0148 odd\u00e1lit jejich pln\u00e9 rozvinut\u00ed. V\u00a0tom n\u00e1m mohou pomoci n\u011bkter\u00e9 modern\u00ed l\u00e9ky, nap\u0159\u00edklad ze skupiny gliflozin\u016f. V\u010dasn\u00e9 nasazen\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby sni\u017euje u rizikov\u00e9 populace po\u010det hospitalizac\u00ed pro selh\u00e1n\u00ed srdce o 25\u201330 %, sni\u017euje \u00famrtnost na kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a oddaluje dial\u00fdzu o \u0159adu let,\u201c <\/em>dopl\u0148uje l\u00e9ka\u0159.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aby dosud zdrav\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk ud\u011blal maximum mo\u017en\u00e9ho pro prevenci t\u011bchto metabolick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, sta\u010d\u00ed podle MUDr. Kr\u010dmy po mal\u00fdch kr\u016f\u010dc\u00edch upravit \u017eivotn\u00ed styl na jeho zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed variantu \u2013 tedy uj\u00edt o p\u00e1r set krok\u016f denn\u011b v\u00edce, o n\u011bkolik pater do schod\u016f v\u00edce, sn\u00edst o jeden kobl\u00ed\u017eek m\u00e9n\u011b. \u201eZpo\u010d\u00e1tku sta\u010d\u00ed m\u00e1lo a z\u00e1sadn\u011b to zm\u011bn\u00ed budoucnost. Kdy\u017e u\u017e mus\u00edme zasahovat my, jde o velk\u00e9 skoky, kter\u00e9 bol\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 odborn\u00edk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O srde\u010dn\u00edm selh\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chronick\u00e9 srde\u010dn\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed postihuje v\u00edce ne\u017e 60 milion\u016f lid\u00ed na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, v \u010cR je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou hospitalizace u lid\u00ed nad 65 let. V p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch 25 letech lze dle odborn\u00edk\u016f o\u010dek\u00e1vat 50% n\u00e1r\u016fst hospitalizac\u00ed pro srde\u010dn\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed. Obecn\u011b kardiologov\u00e9 odhaduj\u00ed, \u017ee v roce 2030 se bude v \u010cesku l\u00e9\u010dit a\u017e 600 000 nemocn\u00fdch s touto diagn\u00f3zou. Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky srde\u010dn\u00edho selh\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed du\u0161nost, otoky nohou a \u00fanava. P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny selh\u00e1n\u00ed srdce jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9, m\u016f\u017ee je m\u00edt na sv\u011bdom\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad prod\u011blan\u00fd infarkt, chlopenn\u00ed vada, nel\u00e9\u010den\u00fd vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak \u010di arytmie. V\u00edce informac\u00ed a jednoduch\u00fd test je na www.srdcedycha.cz<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O chronick\u00e9m onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin (CKD)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jde o dlouh\u00fd a obvykle pomal\u00fd proces, v jeho\u017e pr\u016fb\u011bhu ledviny postupn\u011b ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed svou funkci. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku si pacient ani nemus\u00ed v\u0161imnout, \u017ee je nemocn\u00fd. M\u016f\u017ee ztratit a\u017e 90 % funkce ledvin, ani\u017e by m\u011bl jak\u00e9koliv p\u0159\u00edznaky. CKD postihuje a\u017e 10 % populace, trp\u00ed j\u00edm 1 z 5 mu\u017e\u016f a 1 ze 4 \u017een ve v\u011bku 65 a\u017e 74 let. CKD je jednou z chronick\u00fdch komplikac\u00ed diabetu (1. i 2. typu).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O cukrovce 2. typu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diabetes je chronick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m t\u011blo nen\u00ed schopn\u00e9 vyr\u00e1b\u011bt anebo \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvat inzulin. To zp\u016fsobuje dlouhodob\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed hladiny cukru v krvi, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u0159ady org\u00e1n\u016f v t\u011ble, nap\u0159\u00edklad ledvin, srdce, o\u010d\u00ed, nerv\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku se cukrovka v\u00fdrazn\u011b neprojevuje, pozd\u011bji lid\u00e9 poci\u0165uj\u00ed \u017e\u00edze\u0148, \u010dast\u011bji chod\u00ed na toaletu, jsou unaven\u00ed, maj\u00ed hlad, c\u00edt\u00ed mraven\u010den\u00ed v rukou a nohou, vid\u00ed rozmazan\u011b a hoj\u00ed se jim h\u016f\u0159e poran\u011bn\u00ed. Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm komplikac\u00edm lze p\u0159edej\u00edt \u00fapravou \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu a u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm modern\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f. V\u00edce informac\u00ed na www.osladtocukrovce.cz<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Praha, 16. 10. 2024 \u2013 Mraven\u010d\u00ed pr\u00e1ce \u2013 tak by se dalo nazvat \u00fasil\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f objevit v\u010das cukrovku, selh\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed ledviny nebo srdce. V\u0161echny t\u0159i nemoci […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14888,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52492","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=52492"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52492\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14888"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=52492"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=52492"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=52492"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}