Celiakie pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Postihuje odhadem 1 a\u017e 2 procenta sv\u011btov\u00e9 populace. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice byla celiakie jen v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce identifikov\u00e1na u t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 30 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e p\u0159eva\u017eovaly \u017eeny. Odhalit toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ale nen\u00ed v\u016fbec snadn\u00e9. Podle p\u0159edpoklad\u016f byla celiakie diagnostikov\u00e1na pouze u 1\/4 nemocn\u00fdch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Celiakie nen\u00ed tot\u00e9\u017e jako potravinov\u00e1 alergie na p\u0161enici nebo citlivost na lepek, i kdy\u017e si to lid\u00e9 \u010dasto pletou. N\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky za\u017e\u00edvac\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f s nimi spojen\u00e9 jsou si toti\u017e podobn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Celiakie je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 celo\u017eivotn\u00ed autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. \u201eKdy\u017e \u010dlov\u011bk s celiaki\u00ed sn\u00ed lepek, jeho imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m napadne vlastn\u00ed tenk\u00e9 st\u0159evo a po\u0161kod\u00ed klky, kter\u00e9 t\u011blu umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vst\u0159eb\u00e1vat \u017eiviny,\u201c p\u0159ibli\u017euje web Medical News Today, kter\u00fd se zam\u011b\u0159uje na informace o zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem l\u00e9\u010dby celiakie je osvojit si bezlepkovou dietu a dodr\u017eovat ji po zbytek \u017eivota. U\u017e po n\u011bkolika t\u00fddnech bezlepkov\u00e9 diety by se m\u011blo tenk\u00e9 st\u0159evo za\u010d\u00edt hojit a \u010dlov\u011bk posti\u017een\u00fd celiaki\u00ed se za\u010dne ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f c\u00edtit l\u00e9pe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Co je to autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m napad\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b a org\u00e1ny. Autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee postihnout jakoukoli tk\u00e1\u0148 nebo org\u00e1n. Dokonce jich m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt posti\u017eeno i n\u011bkolik najednou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed cukrovka 1. typu, lupus, celiakie, roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za, revmatoidn\u00ed artritida, lup\u00e9nka, vitiligo, Crohnova choroba, Becht\u011brevova choroba a dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou vzniku mohou b\u00fdt infekce viry, bakteriemi, parazity, hormon\u00e1ln\u00ed podn\u011bty, stres, toxick\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed organismu i genetika.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Co je to celiakie<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Celiakie je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed imunitn\u00ed reakc\u00ed na konzumaci lepku. Lepek je protein, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v potravin\u00e1ch obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
p\u0161enici<\/p>\n\n\n\n
je\u010dmen<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u017eito<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eLepek u celiak\u016f vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 reakci imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu zam\u011b\u0159enou proti vlastn\u00edm bu\u0148k\u00e1m. Zp\u016fsob\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011bt tenk\u00e9ho st\u0159eva, kter\u00fd vede k po\u0161kozen\u00ed a\u017e \u00fapln\u00e9mu vyhlazen\u00ed klk\u016f a mikroklk\u016f, tedy v\u00fd\u010dn\u011blk\u016f na sliznici st\u0159eva. T\u00edm se v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje schopnost st\u0159eva tr\u00e1vit a vst\u0159eb\u00e1vat pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 \u017eiviny,\u201c vysv\u011btluj\u00ed odborn\u00edci na webu s\u00edt\u011b l\u00e9k\u00e1ren Dr. Max.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jak poznat p\u0159\u00edznaky celiakie<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Diagnostika citlivosti na lepek nen\u00ed snadn\u00e1. P\u0159\u00edznaky celiakie mohou b\u00fdt velmi nen\u00e1padn\u00e9 a tak\u00e9 r\u016fznorod\u00e9. Nen\u00ed tedy v\u016fbec nic vz\u00e1cn\u00e9ho, kdy\u017e stanoven\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy trv\u00e1 i n\u011bkolik let. Nejspolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edm k potvrzen\u00ed celiakie je pak vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed biopsie z tenk\u00e9ho st\u0159eva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eCeliakie je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se vyskytuje u geneticky predisponovan\u00fdch osob, kdy po\u017eit\u00ed lepku vede k po\u0161kozen\u00ed tenk\u00e9ho st\u0159eva. Odhaduje se, \u017ee postihuje 1 ze 100 lid\u00ed na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, ale pouze asi 30 % je spr\u00e1vn\u011b diagnostikov\u00e1no,\u201c p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 specializovan\u00fd web Celiac Disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Celiakie se m\u016f\u017ee rozvinout v jak\u00e9mkoli v\u011bku. P\u0159\u00edznaky celiakie se tak\u00e9 mohou u d\u011bt\u00ed a dosp\u011bl\u00fdch velmi li\u0161it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eU miminek se celiakie nej\u010dast\u011bji objevuje poprv\u00e9 brzy po zaveden\u00ed obiln\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edkrmu s obsahem lepku. U star\u0161\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed a u dosp\u011bl\u00fdch se onemocn\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee projevit nap\u0159\u00edklad po v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei. Nen\u00ed v\u00fdjimkou, \u017ee se celiakie projev\u00ed a\u017e po 40. roce v\u011bku. Anebo \u017ee se neprojev\u00ed v\u016fbec,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed Dr. Max.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201ePo\u0161kozen\u00ed st\u0159ev \u010dasto zp\u016fsobuje p\u0159\u00edznaky, jako je pr\u016fjem, \u00fanava, hubnut\u00ed, nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed nebo an\u00e9mie (chudokrevnost; pozn. red.). M\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 v\u00e9st k dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm zdravotn\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm, pokud nen\u00ed celiakie l\u00e9\u010dena. U d\u011bt\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee krom\u011b tr\u00e1vic\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed ovlivnit i r\u016fst a v\u00fdvoj,\u201c upozornil web Mayo Clinic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nel\u00e9\u010den\u00e1 celiakie tak\u00e9 podle zdravotnick\u00e9ho serveru WebMD zvy\u0161uje riziko n\u011bkter\u00fdch typ\u016f rakoviny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky celiakie u dosp\u011bl\u00fdch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pr\u016fjem<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nad\u00fdm\u00e1n\u00ed a plynatost<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bolesti b\u0159icha<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nevolnost, zvracen\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Z\u00e1cpa<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mimost\u0159evn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky celiakie u dosp\u011bl\u00fdch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00danava, vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nezam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fd \u00fabytek hmotnosti<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bolesti hlavy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Chudokrevnost (z nedostatku \u017eeleza)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0158\u00eddnut\u00ed kost\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Afty<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po\u0161kozen\u00ed nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu (ztuhlost, brn\u011bn\u00ed v rukou a nohou, probl\u00e9my s udr\u017een\u00edm rovnov\u00e1hy)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Naru\u0161en\u00ed kognitivn\u00edch funkc\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Deprese, \u00fazkosti<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bolesti kloub\u016f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U \u017een m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt celiakie spojena s pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1stupem menstruace a jej\u00ed nepravidelnost\u00ed, \u010dast\u00e1 je neplodnost a spont\u00e1nn\u00ed potraty<\/p>\n\n\n\n
St\u0159evn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky celiakie u d\u011bt\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Chronick\u00fd pr\u016fjem<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nafoukl\u00e9 b\u0159\u00ed\u0161ko<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nevolnost a zvracen\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Z\u00e1cpa<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Plynatost<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sv\u011btl\u00e1, zap\u00e1chaj\u00edc\u00ed objemn\u00e1 stolice<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mimost\u0159evn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky celiakie u d\u011bt\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Neprosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, zpomalen\u00fd r\u016fst<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po\u0161kozen\u00ed zubn\u00ed skloviny, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 kazivost zub\u016f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hubnut\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Chudokrevnost<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bnost<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mal\u00fd vzr\u016fst<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Odd\u00e1len\u00e1 puberta, opo\u017ed\u011bn\u00fd n\u00e1stup menstruace u d\u00edvek<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Neurologick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky v\u010detn\u011b ADHD nebo poruch u\u010den\u00ed, bolesti hlavy, \u0161patn\u00e1 koordinace pohyb\u016f, svalov\u00e9 k\u0159e\u010de<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Existuje tak\u00e9 ko\u017en\u00ed forma celiakie – Duhringova herpetiformn\u00ed dermatitida. U t\u00e9to formy nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u016fbec p\u0159\u00edtomny st\u0159evn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky, p\u0159esto\u017ee k po\u0161kozen\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznice doch\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eJedn\u00e1 se o sv\u011bdivou vyr\u00e1\u017eku s puch\u00fd\u0159ky podobn\u00fdmi opar\u016fm. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se objevuj\u00ed na loktech, kolenou, trupu, k\u0161tici a na h\u00fd\u017ed\u00edch. V\u00fdskyt ko\u017en\u00ed formy celiakie je st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed Dr. Max.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jak se l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed celiakie<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Na celiakii neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fd l\u00e9k. Jedin\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm, jak se zbavit obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s citlivost\u00ed na lepek, je vy\u0159adit ho \u00fapln\u011b z j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bezlepkov\u00e1 dieta je dlouhodob\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost a u celiatik\u016f je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dodr\u017eovat ji po cel\u00fd \u017eivot. Jedin\u011b tak se obt\u00ed\u017ee a po\u0161kozen\u00ed v\u00fdstelky tenk\u00e9ho st\u0159eva nevr\u00e1t\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pokud pacient dietu dodr\u017euje, zm\u011bny na sliznici vymiz\u00ed a onemocn\u011bn\u00ed se neprojevuje. P\u0159i bezlepkov\u00e9 diet\u011b je zak\u00e1z\u00e1no konzumovat obiloviny, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed lepek, tedy p\u0161enici (v\u010detn\u011b \u0161paldy), \u017eito, je\u010dmen a oves. D\u00e1le je nutn\u00e9 vy\u0159adit z j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku ve\u0161ker\u00e9 potraviny, kter\u00e9 tyto obiloviny obsahuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nab\u00eddka bezlepkov\u00fdch potravin (v\u010detn\u011b pe\u010diva, mouky a mou\u010dn\u00fdch sm\u011bs\u00ed) je u\u017e dnes na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed bohat\u00e1, i kdy\u017e ne levn\u00e1. Je tedy mo\u017en\u00e9 j\u00edst pestrou a vyv\u00e1\u017eenou stravu i bez lepku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Shrnut\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Celiakie nen\u00ed tot\u00e9\u017e jako potravinov\u00e1 alergie na p\u0161enici nebo citlivost na lepek, p\u0159esto\u017ee maj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Celiakie je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 celo\u017eivotn\u00ed autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kdy nemocn\u00e9mu po sn\u011bden\u00ed lepku napadne jeho vlastn\u00ed imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m tenk\u00e9 st\u0159evo a po\u0161kod\u00ed klky, kter\u00e9 t\u011blu umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vst\u0159eb\u00e1vat \u017eiviny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je osvojit si a dodr\u017eovat po cel\u00fd \u017eivot bezlepkovou dietu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Olga Tu\u0161icov\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Moravskoslezsk\u00fd den\u00edk<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/moravskoslezsky.denik.cz<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Celiakie pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Postihuje odhadem 1 a\u017e 2 procenta sv\u011btov\u00e9 populace. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice byla celiakie jen v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce identifikov\u00e1na u […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18396,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52954","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=52954"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52954\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=52954"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=52954"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=52954"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}