{"id":54331,"date":"2025-01-21T05:34:37","date_gmt":"2025-01-21T04:34:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=54331"},"modified":"2025-01-21T05:43:00","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T04:43:00","slug":"na-rakovinu-delozniho-hrdla-zemre-rocne-300-zen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=54331","title":{"rendered":"Na rakovinu d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho hrdla zem\u0159e ro\u010dn\u011b 300 \u017een"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>N\u00e1rodn\u00ed pl\u00e1n m\u016f\u017ee pomoci p\u0159edej\u00edt zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm \u00famrt\u00edm<br \/><\/em><br \/><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Praha, 20. 1. 2025 \u2013 Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok v&nbsp;\u010cesku kv\u016fli rakovin\u011b d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho hrdla zbyte\u010dn\u011b zem\u0159e asi 300 \u017een. N\u00e1dorov\u00e9mu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je zp\u016fsobeno lidsk\u00fdm papilomavirem (HPV), lze p\u0159itom p\u0159edej\u00edt o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm. Zku\u0161enosti jin\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee je touto cestou mo\u017en\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit v\u00fdskyt nemoci na minimum. V&nbsp;souladu s&nbsp;N\u00e1rodn\u00edm onkologick\u00fdm pl\u00e1nem m\u00e1 \u010cesko do roku 2030 za c\u00edl nao\u010dkovat proti HPV minim\u00e1ln\u011b 90 % d\u00edvek do 15 let, v\u00fdrazn\u011b chce zv\u00fd\u0161it i proo\u010dkovanost chlapc\u016f. K&nbsp;vym\u00fdcen\u00ed nemoci by mohlo p\u0159isp\u011bt tak\u00e9 p\u0159ijet\u00ed komplexn\u00edho N\u00e1rodn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu pro eliminaci HPV&nbsp;asociovan\u00fdch n\u00e1dor\u016f. Odborn\u00edci na to upozor\u0148uj\u00ed u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti osv\u011btov\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce rakoviny d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho hrdla, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na leden.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201e<em>O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti lidsk\u00e9mu papilomaviru je nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prevenc\u00ed HPV onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Viry napadaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1 m\u00edsta na t\u011ble \u017een i mu\u017e\u016f a mohou v\u00e9st k&nbsp;rozvoji z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch onkologick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed,\u201c <\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr.&nbsp;Hana Cabrnochov\u00e1, MBA, praktick\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159ka pro d\u011bti a dorost a&nbsp;m\u00edstop\u0159edsedkyn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 vakcinologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti \u010cLS JEP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>HPV je jednou z&nbsp;nej\u010dast\u011bji sexu\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159enosn\u00fdch infekc\u00ed. Stoj\u00ed za vznikem v\u011bt\u0161iny p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f rakoviny d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho hrdla a 90 % p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f genit\u00e1ln\u00edch bradavic. Viry mohou zp\u016fsobit tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed typy rakovin, nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u011bkter\u00e9 n\u00e1dory \u0159itn\u00edho otvoru, genit\u00e1lu, pochvy a zevn\u00edch rodidel. Zap\u0159\u00ed\u010dinit mohou i&nbsp;polypy d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00e9ka\u0159i proto doporu\u010duj\u00ed, aby se proti HPV nechali nao\u010dkovat d\u00edvky i chlapci, ide\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm pohlavn\u00edho \u017eivota. Od ledna 2024 maj\u00ed vakc\u00edny pln\u011b hrazeny ze zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161echny d\u011bti od 11 let a\u017e do dovr\u0161en\u00ed 15. narozenin. <em>\u201eRoz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00e9 hranice pro \u00fahradu m\u00e1 sv\u016fj d\u016fvod. K&nbsp;n\u00e1kaze m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt u\u017e p\u0159i prvn\u00edch intimn\u00edch kontaktech, kter\u00e9 se mohou odehr\u00e1vat d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e koit\u00e1ln\u00ed styk. Je proto vhodn\u00e9, aby byli d\u00edvky a chlapci chr\u00e1n\u011bni co nejd\u0159\u00edve,\u201c <\/em>upozor\u0148uje l\u00e9ka\u0159ka. Lidem star\u0161\u00edm 15 let pak na o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny z&nbsp;fond\u016f prevence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b je v&nbsp;\u010cesku proo\u010dkov\u00e1no p\u0159es 70 % d\u00edvek a 50 % chlapc\u016f, co\u017e podle odborn\u00edk\u016f ani N\u00e1rodn\u00edho onkologick\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu st\u00e1le nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9. Ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed situace by mohl p\u0159isp\u011bt komplexn\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00ed pl\u00e1n pro eliminaci HPV asociovan\u00fdch n\u00e1dor\u016f, k jeho\u017e vzniku vyzval Sen\u00e1t&nbsp;P\u010cR. <em>\u201eVl\u00e1d\u011b jsme p\u0159edlo\u017eili v\u00fdzvu, v&nbsp;n\u00ed\u017e \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1me, aby co nejd\u0159\u00edve tento pl\u00e1n vypracovala a&nbsp;implementovala. Jeho c\u00edlem je naplnit opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v \u010dervnu 2024 schv\u00e1lili minist\u0159i zdravotnictv\u00ed zem\u00ed EU v&nbsp;Doporu\u010den\u00ed Rady EU o n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00edch a jsou v&nbsp;souladu s&nbsp;c\u00edli Sv\u011btov\u00e9 zdravotnick\u00e9 organizace,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 m\u00edstop\u0159edseda V\u00fdboru pro zdravotnictv\u00ed Sen\u00e1tu P\u010cR doc. MUDr. Ond\u0159ej \u0160imetka, Ph.D., MBA (BEZPP), kter\u00fd je z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159ednostou Gynekologicko-porodnick\u00e9 kliniky LF OU a&nbsp;FN&nbsp;Ostrava.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00edlem n\u00e1rodn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu by m\u011blo b\u00fdt, aby do roku 2030 dostalo o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed alespo\u0148 90 % d\u00edvek do 15 let, sou\u010dasn\u011b by se m\u011bla v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it proo\u010dkovanost chlapc\u016f. D\u016fle\u017eitou roli hraj\u00ed tak\u00e9 screeningov\u00e1 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. V&nbsp;\u010cesku je mohou zdarma podstoupit v\u0161echny \u017eeny v&nbsp;r\u00e1mci ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00edch preventivn\u00edch prohl\u00eddek na gynekologii. Ve v\u011bku 35, 45 a 55 let pak mohou u sv\u00e9ho gynekologa absolvovat tak\u00e9 HPV DNA test, kter\u00fd odhaluje p\u0159\u00edtomnost infekce HPV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201e<em>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b dobr\u00e9 praxe v&nbsp;jin\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, a v souladu s Doporu\u010den\u00edm Rady EU, z\u00e1rove\u0148 navrhujeme, aby byli c\u00edlen\u011b doo\u010dkov\u00e1ni dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed a mlad\u00ed dosp\u011bl\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed doposud vakc\u00ednu nedostali, p\u0159esto\u017ee by z&nbsp;n\u00ed st\u00e1le m\u011bli prosp\u011bch. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem by se poda\u0159ilo urychlit eliminaci v\u00fdskytu rakovin, kter\u00e9 jsou zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 HPV,\u201c<\/em> p\u0159ibli\u017euje doc. \u0160imetka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad zku\u0161enosti Austr\u00e1lie ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159ijet\u00ed komplexn\u00edho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdznamn\u011b pomoci. V&nbsp;roce 2007 tamn\u00ed vl\u00e1da zavedla bezplatn\u00fd plo\u0161n\u00fd o\u010dkovac\u00ed program proti HPV pro d\u00edvky a&nbsp;pozd\u011bji i chlapce. V&nbsp;kombinaci s&nbsp;vysoce nav\u0161t\u011bvovan\u00fdm screeningem a dostupnou l\u00e9\u010dbou to vedlo k&nbsp;poklesu v\u00fdskytu HPV asociovan\u00fdch karcinom\u016f. <em>\u201eLze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee v Austr\u00e1lii \u2013 jako prvn\u00ed zemi na sv\u011bt\u011b \u2013 se toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed stane do roku 2035 velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00fdm,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 doc. \u0160imetka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V&nbsp;\u010cesku rakovinou d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho hrdla ka\u017ed\u00fd rok onemocn\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 750 \u017een, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e asi 300 z&nbsp;nich na ni zem\u0159e. Jedn\u00e1 se o t\u0159et\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed \u017een v&nbsp;produktivn\u00edm v\u011bku. <em>\u201eJe naprosto p\u0159elomov\u00e9, \u017ee m\u00e1me vakc\u00ednu proti onkologick\u00e9mu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Pokud se n\u00e1m poda\u0159\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161it proo\u010dkovanost i \u00fa\u010dast na pravideln\u00fdch screeninz\u00edch a prevenci, v\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme v\u00fdznamn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit po\u010det \u017een, kter\u00e9 dnes na onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zbyte\u010dn\u011b um\u00edraj\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 doc. \u0160imetka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vakc\u00ednami proti HPV zdravotn\u00edci o\u010dkuj\u00ed ji\u017e od roku 2006. Bezpe\u010dnost a \u00fa\u010dinnost o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed opakovan\u011b potvrdila \u0159ada odborn\u00fdch studi\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 po\u010dty nao\u010dkovan\u00fdch d\u00e1vek na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. <em>\u201eTo je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u016fkaz, \u017ee je vakc\u00edna z&nbsp;hlediska bezpe\u010dnosti v&nbsp;po\u0159\u00e1dku. Kontroln\u00ed mechanismy hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f jsou nav\u00edc daleko p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u l\u00e9k\u016f, proto\u017ee o\u010dkovac\u00ed l\u00e1tky pod\u00e1v\u00e1me zdrav\u00e9 populaci,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje MUDr. Cabrnochov\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>N\u00e1rodn\u00ed pl\u00e1n m\u016f\u017ee pomoci p\u0159edej\u00edt zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm \u00famrt\u00edm Praha, 20. 1. 2025 \u2013 Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok v&nbsp;\u010cesku kv\u016fli rakovin\u011b d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho hrdla zbyte\u010dn\u011b zem\u0159e asi 300 \u017een. N\u00e1dorov\u00e9mu <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=54331\" title=\"Na rakovinu d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho hrdla zem\u0159e ro\u010dn\u011b 300 \u017een\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14169,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54331","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54331","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=54331"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54331\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14169"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=54331"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=54331"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=54331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}