Spr\u00e1vnou l\u00e9\u010dbu pom\u00e1haj\u00ed nastavit ve specializovan\u00fdch centrech<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Praha, 3. 2. 2025 \u2013 Kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne epilepsie, \u0159ada lid\u00ed si p\u0159edstav\u00ed \u017eivot omezen\u00fd pravideln\u011b se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00edmi z\u00e1chvaty. D\u00edky pokrok\u016fm sou\u010dasn\u00e9 medic\u00edny u\u017e tomu ale tak dnes b\u00fdt nemus\u00ed. Modern\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbou lze u v\u011bt\u0161iny lid\u00ed s epilepsi\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout \u00fapln\u00e9ho vymizen\u00ed z\u00e1chvat\u016f. Pacienti, u\u00a0nich\u017e se dosud nepoda\u0159ilo dostat nemoc pod kontrolu, by m\u011bli nav\u0161t\u00edvit specializovan\u00e9ho neurologa \u2013 epileptologa \u2013 nebo n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00a0center pro epilepsie, kde odborn\u00edci dok\u00e1\u017eou p\u0159esn\u011bji zmapovat p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny nemoci a nastavit c\u00edlenou l\u00e9\u010dbu. L\u00e9ka\u0159i to p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho dne epilepsie, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 10. \u00fanora.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201ePojem epilepsie zahrnuje des\u00edtky r\u016fzn\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 maj\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum p\u0159\u00ed\u010din. Projevuj\u00ed se r\u016fznorod\u00fdmi typy z\u00e1chvat\u016f. Nej\u010dast\u011bji b\u00fdvaj\u00ed epilepsie geneticky podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9. Vznikaj\u00ed ale tak\u00e9 v d\u016fsledku c\u00e9vn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed mozku, po \u00farazech hlavy, vlivem n\u00e1dor\u016f \u010di z\u00e1n\u011bt\u016f mozku,\u201c <\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Jana Z\u00e1rubov\u00e1 z Centra pro epilepsie Motol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f v \u010cesku \u017eije asi 80 000 pacient\u016f s epilepsi\u00ed. V evidenci l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 160 000 lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u011bt let bez z\u00e1chvatu. \u201eNejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskyt epilepsi\u00ed zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1me u d\u011bt\u00ed v novorozeneck\u00e9m \u010di kojeneck\u00e9m v\u011bku. N\u00e1sledn\u011b pak u senior\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se \u010dast\u011bji pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed s c\u00e9vn\u00edmi nebo neurodegenerativn\u00edmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi mozku,\u201c <\/em>dopl\u0148uje neurolo\u017eka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nejn\u00e1padn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm projevem epilepsie jsou tonicko-klonick\u00e9 z\u00e1chvaty. \u201eJde o stav, kdy \u010dlov\u011bk n\u00e1hle ztr\u00e1c\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00ed, pad\u00e1, m\u00e1 k\u0159e\u010de v obli\u010deji, k\u0159e\u010de kon\u010detin a t\u011bla, nejprve se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm nap\u011bt\u00edm, kter\u00e9 pozd\u011bji p\u0159ejde do rytmick\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0161kub\u016f, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0promodr\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0obli\u010deji a slin\u011bn\u00ed. Velmi \u010dasto pacient zjist\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1 epilepsii a\u017e ve chv\u00edli, kdy prod\u011bl\u00e1 takto nep\u0159ehl\u00e9dnuteln\u00fd z\u00e1chvat. Kdy\u017e ale s\u00a0nemocn\u00fdm mluv\u00edme nebo se pt\u00e1me p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch, mnohdy naraz\u00edme na to, \u017ee u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve m\u011bl jin\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017ee. Nebyly ov\u0161em tak v\u00fdrazn\u00e9, proto jim nikdo nev\u011bnoval pozornost,\u201c<\/em> p\u0159ibli\u017euje MUDr. Z\u00e1rubov\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Epileptick\u00fd z\u00e1chvat se m\u016f\u017ee projevit tak\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee se \u010dlov\u011bk zastav\u00ed v\u00a0\u010dinnosti, p\u0159estane odpov\u00eddat, opakuje jednu slabiku nebo si nap\u0159\u00edklad popotahuje oble\u010den\u00ed. U d\u011bt\u00ed se zase objevuj\u00ed kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 zahled\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 mohou b\u00fdt myln\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nepozornost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201eEpilepsie je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 s sebou p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1 omezen\u00ed v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e jde o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed auta, sport, v\u00fdb\u011br \u0161koly, nebo povol\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159esto\u017ee epilepsie nejsou jenom z\u00e1chvaty, tak pr\u00e1v\u011b dosa\u017een\u00ed stavu, ve kter\u00e9m pacient z\u00e1chvaty v\u016fbec netrp\u00ed, je kl\u00ed\u010dem ke kvalitn\u00edmu \u017eivotu,\u201c <\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Jana Amlerov\u00e1, Ph.D., z Centra pro epilepsie Motol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b u 60 a\u017e 70 % pacient\u016f s epilepsi\u00ed jsou podle l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f z\u00e1chvaty l\u00e9\u010dbou dob\u0159e ovlivniteln\u00e9. \u201eV t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech zvol\u00edme vhodn\u00fd l\u00e9k, vysv\u011btl\u00edme pacientovi, jak\u00e1 mus\u00ed dodr\u017eovat re\u017eimov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, a pokud je pln\u00ed, \u017eije zcela bez z\u00e1chvat\u016f,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 dr. Z\u00e1rubov\u00e1. P\u0159edej\u00edt z\u00e1chvat\u016fm pom\u00e1haj\u00ed dle neurolog\u016f t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed kroky. \u201ePravideln\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f, re\u017eim v podob\u011b pravideln\u00e9ho sp\u00e1nku, kvalitn\u00ed stravy a dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho pitn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu a v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b pohyb,\u201c <\/em>dod\u00e1v\u00e1 MUDr. Amlerov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n U n\u011bkter\u00fdch nemocn\u00fdch je ale situace slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. \u201ePacienti mohou m\u00edt alergickou reakci na l\u00e9k nebo se objev\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky, tak\u017ee hled\u00e1me jin\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. V sou\u010dasnosti m\u00e1me na trhu p\u0159es 25 l\u00e9k\u016f na epileptick\u00e9 z\u00e1chvaty, tak\u017ee jsme schopni pacient\u016fm \u0161\u00edt l\u00e9\u010dbu opravdu na m\u00edru,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje MUDr. Z\u00e1rubov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00edlem neurolog\u016f je p\u0159itom v\u017edy dos\u00e1hnout \u00fapln\u00e9ho vymizen\u00ed z\u00e1chvat\u016f. \u201ePokud se to neda\u0159\u00ed, m\u011bli by b\u00fdt pacienti odesl\u00e1ni do p\u00e9\u010de speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro\u0161kolen\u00fdch neurolog\u016f, tzv. epileptolog\u016f. Jejich seznam je dostupn\u00fd <\/em>na webu \u010cesk\u00e9 ligy proti epilepsii<\/em><\/a> (https:\/\/www.clpe.cz\/seznam-epileptologu),\u201c <\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Z\u00e1rubov\u00e1. Pokud se probl\u00e9my nepoda\u0159\u00ed vy\u0159e\u0161it ani na t\u00e9to \u00farovni, m\u011bli by pacienti zam\u00ed\u0159it do specializovan\u00fdch center pro epilepsie. V \u010cesku jich existuje celkem osm \u2013 v Praze, Brn\u011b, Plzni, Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 a Ostrav\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Zlep\u0161ovat kvalitu \u017eivota lid\u00ed s epilepsi\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 spolek EpiStop<\/a>, z.s. C\u00edlem je omezit vylou\u010den\u00ed lid\u00ed s epilepsi\u00ed ze spole\u010dnosti a jejich povzbuzen\u00ed k aktivn\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edstupu k nemoci. EpiStop spolupracuje s odbornou l\u00e9ka\u0159skou spole\u010dnost\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e1 liga proti epilepsii \u010cLS JEP, je p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdm \u010dlenem Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdboru pro epilepsie (International Bureau for Epilepsy). Spolek vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 publikace ur\u010den\u00e9 ke vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f i nel\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, nap\u0159. Soubor minim\u00e1ln\u00edch diagnostick\u00fdch a terapeutick\u00fdch standard\u016f u pacient\u016f s epilepsi\u00ed<\/em>, \u017dena a epilepsie<\/em>, Epilepsie a zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em> \u010di Epilepsie, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9<\/em> a dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pro d\u011bti s\u00a0epilepsi\u00ed je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u0161koly, ve kter\u00e9m tr\u00e1v\u00ed podstatnou \u010d\u00e1st \u017eivota a mimo jin\u00e9 si zde vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed vazby. Vytvo\u0159it bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161koln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro d\u011bti s\u00a0epilepsi\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee pomoci tzv. pl\u00e1n podpory, kter\u00fd je p\u0159edstavov\u00e1n v\u00a0r\u00e1mci kurzu Epilepsie, \u0161kola a sport po\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9ho spolkem EpiStop ve FN Motol pro u\u010ditele a tren\u00e9ry v\u0161ech \u00farovn\u00ed \u0161kol. \u201eJde o n\u00e1stroj, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho a rovnocenn\u00e9ho zapojen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f s\u00a0epilepsi\u00ed do \u0161koln\u00edch aktivit. C\u00edl\u00ed na zdravotn\u00ed a\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00ed bari\u00e9ry, kter\u00fdm d\u011bti ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch nej\u010dast\u011bji \u010del\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Mgr. \u0160\u00e1rka K\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e1, ze Z\u00e1pado\u010desk\u00e9 univerzity v\u00a0Plzni. Pl\u00e1n podpory u konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho d\u00edt\u011bte s\u00a0epilepsi\u00ed by m\u011bl vzniknout po diskusi u\u010ditel\u016f \u010di vychovatel\u016f s\u00a0rodi\u010di a o\u0161et\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159em. Up\u0159es\u0148uje nap\u0159\u00edklad okolnosti poskytnut\u00ed prvn\u00ed pomoci p\u0159i z\u00e1chvatech, v\u010detn\u011b pod\u00e1n\u00ed tzv. z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 medikace. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201eNedostatek informac\u00ed u\u010ditel\u016fm \u010dasto br\u00e1n\u00ed v\u010das a spr\u00e1vn\u011b p\u0159i z\u00e1chvatech zas\u00e1hnout. D\u011bti s epilepsi\u00ed tak\u00e9 n\u011bkdy b\u00fdvaj\u00ed zbyte\u010dn\u011b vylu\u010dov\u00e1ny z\u00a0b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch \u0161koln\u00edch aktivit, jako jsou ly\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9 nebo plaveck\u00e9 kurzy. Za dodr\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch pravidel je v\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bchto aktivit pro d\u011bti s\u00a0epilepsi\u00ed nejen mo\u017en\u00e1, ale i velmi prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1. Na rodiny pak \u0161koly n\u011bkdy kladou nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, nap\u0159\u00edklad povinnou p\u0159\u00edtomnost rodi\u010d\u016f, i kdy\u017e je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed kompenzovan\u00e9. Takov\u00e9 situace mohou v\u00e9st k izolaci, \u00fazkosti d\u00edt\u011bte a k probl\u00e9m\u016fm s p\u0159ijet\u00edm kolektivem,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 dr. K\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Spr\u00e1vnou l\u00e9\u010dbu pom\u00e1haj\u00ed nastavit ve specializovan\u00fdch centrech Praha, 3. 2. 2025 \u2013 Kdy\u017e se \u0159ekne epilepsie, \u0159ada lid\u00ed si p\u0159edstav\u00ed \u017eivot omezen\u00fd pravideln\u011b se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00edmi […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24443,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54586","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54586","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=54586"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54586\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/24443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=54586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=54586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=54586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}