{"id":54767,"date":"2025-02-11T05:20:04","date_gmt":"2025-02-11T04:20:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=54767"},"modified":"2025-02-11T05:20:05","modified_gmt":"2025-02-11T04:20:05","slug":"nakaza-virem-hiv-je-v-poslednich-letech-na-ustupu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=54767","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e1kaza virem HIV je v posledn\u00edch letech na \u00fastupu\u00a0\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Radio\u017eurn\u00e1l\u00a0

N\u00e1kaza virem HIV, kter\u00fd zp\u016fsobuje nemoc AIDS, je v posledn\u00edch letech glob\u00e1ln\u011b na \u00fastupu. Tento trend by se ale mohl v\u00fdrazn\u011b obr\u00e1tit, pokud by Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty v r\u00e1mci utlumen\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed pomoci p\u0159estaly finan\u010dn\u011b podporovat projekty na pomoc lidem\u00a0posti\u017een\u00fdm<\/strong>\u00a0HIV a na prevenci. Upozor\u0148uje na to v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 \u0159editelka programu OSN pro boj proti AIDS \/nesrozumiteln\u00e9\/. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by se do roku 2029 mohlo nov\u011b nakazit p\u0159es 8,5 milionu lid\u00ed, dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00edce ne\u017e 6 milion\u016f by mohlo na AIDS zem\u0159\u00edt. V mnoha zem\u00edch pokr\u00fdvala americk\u00e1 pomoc a\u017e 90 % v\u00fddaj\u016f jejich zdravotnick\u00fdch program\u016f. Na\u0161e pozv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ijal prof. Jan Konvalinka, \u0159editel \u00dastavu organick\u00e9 chemie a biochemie Akademie v\u011bd, dobr\u00fd den.

Jak v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 byla ta dosavadn\u00ed americk\u00e1 podpora a pomoc pacient\u016fm\u00a0posti\u017een\u00fdch<\/strong>\u00a0HIV v rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00edch a na jak\u00e9 programy ta pomoc jde?

Jan Konvalinka, \u0159editel, \u00dastav organick\u00e9 chemie a biochemie AV \u010cR
——————–
byla naprosto kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee ten program b\u011b\u017e\u00ed u\u017e od roku 2003, tak\u017ee p\u0159es 20 let. Mimochodem zalo\u017eil ho republik\u00e1nsk\u00fd prezident George Bush, \u017ee to nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 levi\u010d\u00e1ck\u00e1 n\u00e1le\u017eitost, je to opravdu konzervativn\u00ed, republik\u00e1nsk\u00fd prezident se zalo\u017eil a Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty na to dosud ztratily 110 miliard dolar\u016f s ro\u010dn\u00edm rozpo\u010dtem asi 6,5 miliardy ro\u010dn\u011b. A takhle, zd\u00e1 se, podle samoz\u0159ejm\u011b statistick\u00fdch odhad\u016f zachr\u00e1nily des\u00edtky milion\u016f lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivot\u016f, asi 20 000 000 lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivot\u016f. Podle odhad\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1me k dispozici, ono se to soust\u0159ed\u00ed hlavn\u011b na subsaharskou Afriku, ale tak\u00e9 Braz\u00edlii a jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii. A ty probl\u00e9my jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9, t\u00fdkaj\u00ed se jednak l\u00e9\u010dby t\u00e9 choroby, v\u010detn\u011b prepar\u00e1tu vyvinut\u00e9ho na na\u0161em \u00fastavu profesorem Hol\u00fdm, kter\u00e9 my poskytujeme bez licen\u010dn\u00edch poplatk\u016f, tak\u017ee my se vlastn\u011b \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edme t\u00e9hle iniciativy touto formou, my jako n\u00e1\u0161 \u00fastav a \u010cesk\u00e1 republika. T\u00edm p\u00e1dem ale tak\u00e9 je to diagnostika, tak\u00e9 je to prevence, \u010dili ty probl\u00e9my jsou velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 a zat\u00edm v t\u011bch rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00edch subsaharsk\u00e9 Africe, Latinsk\u00e9 Americe a jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii hr\u00e1ly kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli.

V\u011bra \u0160techrov\u00e1, moder\u00e1torka
——————–
Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee samy ty zem\u011b by nem\u011bly prost\u011b pen\u00edze na to, aby platily zdravotn\u00edky, aby platily l\u00e9ky, aby platili preventivn\u00ed programy?

Jan Konvalinka, \u0159editel, \u00dastav organick\u00e9 chemie a biochemie AV \u010cR
——————–
Ur\u010dit\u011b ne. Tak m\u016f\u017eete argumentovat, \u017ee Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika u\u017e je dneska docela rozvinut\u00e1 zem\u011b a m\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed zbrojn\u00ed programy, tak\u017ee ty by t\u0159eba nemusely tu s\u00edly, ty by asi n\u011bjak\u00e9 prost\u0159edky ne\u0161ly, p\u0159esto pro tyhle zem\u011b. A je to i takhle velik\u00fd, jaksi velik\u00e1 n\u00e1lo\u017e finan\u010dn\u00ed a organiza\u010dn\u00ed. A zem\u011b jako St\u0159edoafrick\u00e1 republika nebo dal\u0161\u00ed zemi chud\u00e9 zem\u011b v regionu by si to v\u016fbec nemohly dovolit.

V\u011bra \u0160techrov\u00e1, moder\u00e1torka
——————–
Pokud by se opravdu b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edch let zv\u00fd\u0161il po\u010det lid\u00ed naka\u017een\u00fdch HIV a\u017e \u0161estkr\u00e1t. Jak v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed t\u00e9to nemoci by to znamenalo, jak si to p\u0159edstavit?

Jan Konvalinka, \u0159editel, \u00dastav organick\u00e9 chemie a biochemie AV \u010cR
——————–
No, tak za prv\u00e9, by to byla trag\u00e9die, ty lidi, za druh\u00e9 samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u017eijeme v glob\u00e1ln\u00ed vesnici. Je p\u0159edstava, to mysl\u00edm, \u017ee u\u017e poslucha\u010di dneska v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159edstava, \u017ee se p\u0159ed virovou chorobu n\u011bjak uchr\u00e1n\u00edme uvnit\u0159 n\u011bjak\u00fdch hranic, je iluzorn\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee by se to roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo i v zbytku sv\u011bta. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed teda posledn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy jsou trochu optimistick\u00e9, mus\u00edm \u0159\u00edct, minul\u00fd t\u00fdden asi pod tlakem ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed se administrativa rozhodla na 90 dn\u00ed jaksi obnovit ten program PEPFAR, co se t\u00fd\u010de HIV, neobnov\u00ed ten program u jin\u00fdch d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch chorob, ale u HIV zat\u00edm ano. Na druhou stranu ov\u0161em st\u00e1le plat\u00ed to, \u017ee ta agentura, kter\u00e1 to ty l\u00e9ky distribuuje, a to zdravotnictv\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1. Zvan\u00e1 un aid je te\u010f nad\u00e1le teda p\u0159\u00edsnou redukc\u00ed po\u010dtu zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, tak\u017ee je tam v tuhle chv\u00edli velik\u00e1 nejistota a velik\u00fd zmatek a nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jasn\u00e9, co se v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch dnech a t\u00fddnech bude d\u00edt.

V\u011bra \u0160techrov\u00e1, moder\u00e1torka
——————–
On nav\u00edc te\u010f v tuhle chv\u00edli p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na trh nov\u00fd l\u00e9k Lenacapavir, pouh\u00e9 dv\u011b d\u00e1vky za rok dok\u00e1\u017eou ochr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed n\u00e1kazou HIV. Bude m\u00edt tohle, \u0159ekn\u011bme, tyhle otazn\u00edky kolem t\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed pomoci vliv na \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed tohoto l\u00e9ku, na jeho dal\u0161\u00ed rozvoj?

Jan Konvalinka, \u0159editel, \u00dastav organick\u00e9 chemie a biochemie AV \u010cR
——————–
bezpochyby ano. Mimochodem poslucha\u010de m\u016f\u017ee zaj\u00edmat, \u017ee v\u00fdvoj toho l\u00e9ku vedl n\u00e1\u0161 kolega a spolupracovn\u00edk Tom\u00e1\u0161 Cihl\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd pracuje pro firmu Gilead jako viceprezident, ale vedl ten v\u00fdzkum. \u017d\u00e1k Anton\u00edna Hol\u00e9ho, tak\u017ee ta legenda pokra\u010duje. Ten l\u00e9k je nesm\u00edrn\u011b drah\u00fd, stoj\u00ed, ro\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba stoj\u00ed 40 000 USD, tak\u017ee asi milion korun, uva\u017euje se, nebo te\u010f se pl\u00e1nuje v\u00fdroba toho l\u00e9ku jako generika mnohem lacin\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00edch, ale potom jeho distribuce zase do t\u011bch nejchud\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed sv\u011bta. Bez vl\u00e1dn\u00ed pomoci a bez charitativn\u00edch organizac\u00ed, jako je nadace, byla a Milindy Gatesov\u00fdch, by prost\u011b nebyla mo\u017en\u00e1.

moder\u00e1torka
——————–
Je p\u0159edstaviteln\u00e9, \u017ee by se ta pomoc Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, ta finan\u010dn\u00ed pomoc dala nahradit p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkem dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed. Je to zvl\u00e1dnuteln\u00e9 a je o to z\u00e1jem?

Jan Konvalinka, \u0159editel, \u00dastav organick\u00e9 chemie a biochemie AV \u010cR
——————–
No, j\u00e1 si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee vl\u00e1dn\u00ed podpora, asi ta americk\u00e1 je tak velik\u00e1, tak velkorys\u00e1, \u017ee by to bylo obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9. Hodn\u011b pom\u00e1haj\u00ed soukrom\u00e9 nadace. U\u017e jsem mluvil o Gatesov\u011b nadaci a je tam cel\u00e1 \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch soukrom\u00fdch nadac\u00ed, ale p\u0159ece jenom 6,5 miliardy dolar\u016f. Jeho v\u00fdpadek je prost\u011b obrovsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo. Je\u0161t\u011b jednou. V tuto chv\u00edli se zd\u00e1, \u017ee si to americk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da uv\u011bdomuje a informace z posledn\u00edch dn\u016f nebo posledn\u00edch hodin se zdaj\u00ed, \u017ee aspo\u0148 u toho HIV cht\u011bj\u00ed tu pomoc obnovit, ale sou\u010dasn\u011b zastavuj\u00ed jin\u00e9 rozvojov\u00e9 programy, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eou velmi zkomplikovat to, aby se ta nemoc dostala k t\u011bm nejpot\u0159ebn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. Tak\u017ee v tuhle chv\u00edli je to bohu\u017eel zmatek, je vid\u011bt, \u017ee Trumpov\u00e9 administrativa nem\u011bla p\u0159ipravenou strategii a \u017ee to je hodn\u011b chaotick\u00e1 politika, kter\u00e1 bohu\u017eel m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t lidsk\u00e9 \u017eivoty.

moder\u00e1torka
——————–
Budeme to d\u00e1l sledovat. Jan Konvalinka, \u0159editel \u00dastavu organick\u00e9 chemie a biochemie Akademie v\u011bd. D\u011bkuju, na sly\u0161enou.

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Radio\u017eurn\u00e1l\u00a0 N\u00e1kaza virem HIV, kter\u00fd zp\u016fsobuje nemoc AIDS, je v posledn\u00edch letech glob\u00e1ln\u011b na \u00fastupu. Tento trend by se ale mohl v\u00fdrazn\u011b obr\u00e1tit, pokud by […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":53128,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54767","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=54767"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54767\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/53128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=54767"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=54767"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=54767"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}