Sv\u011btov\u00fd den ledvin p\u0159ipad\u00e1 ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b na druh\u00fd \u010dtvrtek v b\u0159eznu, letos tedy 13. b\u0159ezna. Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin je nevyzpytateln\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee dlouhodob\u011b prob\u00edhat zcela bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u011b a \u010dlov\u011bk \u010dasto nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee. C\u00edlem preventivn\u00ed akce je poskytnout laick\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace o mo\u017enostech v\u010dasn\u00e9 diagnostiky a l\u00e9\u010dby onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zejm\u00e9na je kladen d\u016fraz na v\u010dasn\u00fd z\u00e1chyt pacient\u016f v r\u00e1mci preventivn\u00edch vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed v ordinac\u00edch praktick\u00fdch l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00edm do nefrologick\u00fdch ambulanc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Skryt\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin je nevyzpytateln\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee dlouhodob\u011b prob\u00edhat zcela bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u011b a pacient \u010dasto nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee. A\u017e u pokro\u010dil\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a selh\u00e1n\u00ed ledvin se mohou objevit nespecifick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky jako je \u00fanava, celkov\u00e1 nev\u00fdkonnost, du\u0161nost, nechutenstv\u00ed a\u017e odpor k j\u00eddlu, otoky doln\u00edch kon\u010detin, zm\u011bna barvy \u010di mno\u017estv\u00ed mo\u010di, neurologick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky, nekontrolovateln\u00e1 hypertenze (vysok\u00fd tlak) a jin\u00e9. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b jednoduch\u00e9ho a dostupn\u00e9ho laboratorn\u00edho vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed krve a mo\u010di lze b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut odhalit posti\u017een\u00ed ledvin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kdo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nemoc\u00ed posti\u017een?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eNej\u010dast\u011bji se onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin vyskytuje u pacient\u016f s hypertenz\u00ed, diabetem mellitus a chronick\u00fdm kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm. Existuj\u00ed ale tak\u00e9 vz\u00e1cn\u00e1 autoimunitn\u00ed \u010di geneticky podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin a cel\u00e1 \u0159ada urologick\u00fdch nebo onkologick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din, kter\u00e9 vedou k posti\u017een\u00ed a selh\u00e1n\u00ed ledvin. V populaci existuje st\u00e1le velk\u00e1 skupina pacient\u016f, kter\u00e1 v\u016fbec netu\u0161\u00ed o sv\u00e9m ji\u017e prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin. Pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dasto se do nefrologick\u00e9 ambulance dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed pacienti s ji\u017e pokro\u010dil\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm ledvin, kte\u0159\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b nedodr\u017eovali doporu\u010denou terapii diabetu \u010di hypertenze eventu\u00e1ln\u011b pouze neabsolvovali pravideln\u00e9 preventivn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. Bohu\u017eel dlouholet\u00fd nel\u00e9\u010den\u00fd pacient s hypertenz\u00ed a diabetem m\u00e1 vysok\u00e9 riziko v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho ledvinn\u00e9ho posti\u017een\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee skon\u010dit i v chronick\u00e9m dialyza\u010dn\u00edm programu,\u201c up\u0159es\u0148uje Ren\u00e1ta Jani\u0161ov\u00e1, l\u00e9ka\u0159ka Hemodialyza\u010dn\u00ed stanice Intern\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed Krajsk\u00e9 nemocnice T. Bati ve Zl\u00edn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Takov\u00ed pacienti pot\u00e9 doj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00ed na dial\u00fdzu po cel\u00fd zbytek \u017eivota a jedinou alternativou je proveden\u00ed transplantace ledviny, pokud to zdravotn\u00ed stav pacienta umo\u017e\u0148uje. Ve zl\u00ednsk\u00e9 krajsk\u00e9 nemocnici se ro\u010dn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159es 8,5 tis\u00edc dial\u00fdz, moment\u00e1ln\u011b je v dialyza\u010dn\u00edm programu za\u0159azeno 72 pacient\u016f, kdy nejmlad\u0161\u00ed m\u00e1 32 let a nejstar\u0161\u00ed 92. Na transplantaci nyn\u00ed \u010dek\u00e1 5 pacient\u016f, dal\u0161\u00ed se k transplantaci p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Existuje prevence?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A co by m\u011bl \u010dlov\u011bk ud\u011blat, aby p\u0159ede\u0161el p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9mu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a selh\u00e1n\u00ed ledvin? Nen\u00ed to a\u017e tak t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u2013 je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dodr\u017eovat zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl, b\u00fdt aktivn\u00ed a udr\u017eovat se v dobr\u00e9 kondici, m\u00edt svoji hmotnost pod kontrolou, omezit p\u0159\u00edjem soli, nekou\u0159it, neu\u017e\u00edvat dlouhodob\u011b voln\u011b prodejn\u00e9 l\u00e9ky na bolest bez konzultace s l\u00e9ka\u0159em a zejm\u00e9na dodr\u017eovat dostate\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem tekutin. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je dopln\u011bn\u00ed komplexn\u00edho preventivn\u00edho vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed u praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e v\u010detn\u011b kontroly krevn\u00edho tlaku a cukru v krvi. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed preventivn\u00edho vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed je i laboratorn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed krve a mo\u010di, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin v\u010das odhalit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eU zdrav\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka je dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed pravideln\u00fd pitn\u00fd re\u017eim s objemem tekutin ide\u00e1ln\u011b mezi 2-3 litry tekutin denn\u011b. Zejm\u00e9na v tropick\u00fdch dnech je v\u0161ak nutno p\u0159\u00edjem tekutin zv\u00fd\u0161it a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b zohlednit v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed fyzickou n\u00e1mahu a pocen\u00ed. Jednoduch\u00fdm ukazatelem dostate\u010dn\u00e9 hydratace je mno\u017estv\u00ed a barva mo\u010di \u2013 pokud je mo\u010di m\u00e1lo a barva mo\u010di je tmav\u00e1, jde o prvn\u00ed zn\u00e1mky mo\u017en\u00e9 dehydratace. U pacient\u016f s onemocn\u011bn\u00edm srdce a ledvin je nutn\u00e9 pitn\u00fd re\u017eim p\u0159izp\u016fsobit aktu\u00e1ln\u00edmu zdravotn\u00edmu stavu. Pacienti s pokro\u010dil\u00fdm selh\u00e1n\u00edm ledvin nebo v dialyza\u010dn\u00edm programu mus\u00ed naopak p\u0159\u00edjem tekutin z\u00e1sadn\u011b omezit,\u201c doporu\u010duje intern\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159ka Krajsk\u00e9 nemocnice Tom\u00e1\u0161e Bati Ren\u00e1ta Jani\u0161ov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Iva Nedava\u0161kov\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zl\u00ednsk\u00fd den\u00edk<\/p>\n\n\n\n
https:\/\/zlinsky.denik.cz<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Sv\u011btov\u00fd den ledvin p\u0159ipad\u00e1 ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b na druh\u00fd \u010dtvrtek v b\u0159eznu, letos tedy 13. b\u0159ezna. Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin je nevyzpytateln\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee dlouhodob\u011b prob\u00edhat zcela bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u011b […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27310,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55669","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=55669"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55669\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/27310"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=55669"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=55669"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=55669"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}