{"id":57769,"date":"2025-05-29T05:59:47","date_gmt":"2025-05-29T03:59:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=57769"},"modified":"2025-05-29T05:59:48","modified_gmt":"2025-05-29T03:59:48","slug":"snemovna-schvaluje-odskodneni-pro-lidi-nucene-komunistickym-rezimem-k-emigraci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=57769","title":{"rendered":"Sn\u011bmovna schvaluje od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed pro lidi nucen\u00e9 komunistick\u00fdm re\u017eimem k emigraci"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Radio\u017eurn\u00e1l <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br \/>Sn\u011bmovna bude schvalovat od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed pro lidi nucen\u00e9 komunistick\u00fdm re\u017eimem k emigraci. Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed koalice prosazuje schv\u00e1len\u00ed ve zrychlen\u00e9m stavu u\u017e v prvn\u00edm \u010dten\u00ed. Kompenzace 100 000 K\u010d m\u00e1 b\u00fdt ur\u010dena t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 v sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch a osmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed p\u0159inutila St\u00e1tn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost opustit republiku nebo se o to alespo\u0148 pokou\u0161ela. Podobn\u011b by od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed mohli z\u00edskat taky ti, kte\u0159\u00ed byli z politick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f pod tzv. ochrann\u00fdm dohledem. Na\u0161\u00edm hostem je historik Prokop Tomek z Vojensk\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, dobr\u00fd den.<br \/>Je pl\u00e1novan\u00e1 kompenzace ve v\u00fd\u0161i sta 1 000 K\u010d dostate\u010dn\u00e1 nebo je to sp\u00ed\u0161 symbolick\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prokop Tomek, historik, Vojensk\u00fd historick\u00fd \u00fastav Praha<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>Tak je to takov\u00e1, \u0159ekl bych, obvykl\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka, proto\u017ee m\u00e1me tady ur\u010dit\u00fd precedent, z\u00e1kon 262, 2011 o statutu prost\u011b \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka t\u0159et\u00edho odboje protikomunistick\u00e9ho odboje, tam je to taky 100 000 pro toho p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka. Ov\u0161em tady je ot\u00e1zka, jestli je to ur\u010deno pouze pro jednu osobu nebo pro celou rodinu, proto\u017ee ono se to t\u00fdkalo t\u0159eba man\u017eelsk\u00fdch p\u00e1r\u016f, rodiny. J\u00e1 jsem nevid\u011bl ten n\u00e1vrh, tak\u017ee to je ot\u00e1zka pro koho, kdo je ta osoba, kdo je ten \u017eadatel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vladim\u00edr Kroc, moder\u00e1tor<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>No, kdy\u017e jste p\u0159ipomenul z\u00e1kon z roku 2011, nen\u00ed a\u017e ostudn\u00e9, \u017ee tento z\u00e1kon p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1me 36 let od zm\u011bny re\u017eimu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prokop Tomek, historik, Vojensk\u00fd historick\u00fd \u00fastav Praha<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>No, tak na \u0159adu v\u011bc\u00ed se p\u0159i\u0161lo pozd\u011b, mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee je to pozd\u011b, je to rozhodn\u011b pozd\u011b, no, ale asi lep\u0161\u00ed se t\u00edm zab\u00fdvat d\u0159\u00edv.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vladim\u00edr Kroc, moder\u00e1tor<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>Aspo\u0148 pozd\u011b ne\u017e v\u016fbec. Jak\u00e9 metody StB zpravidla pou\u017e\u00edvala k n\u00e1tlaku na nepohodln\u00e9 lidi? Co v\u0161echno o nich zji\u0161\u0165ovala, jak jim zasahovala do soukrom\u00ed?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prokop Tomek, historik, Vojensk\u00fd historick\u00fd \u00fastav Praha<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>No, tak on vlastn\u011b v\u016fbec ten pojem akce asanace je tro\u0161ku takov\u00fd zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, proto\u017ee ona se o n\u011bjakou akci, kter\u00e1 by byla p\u0159esn\u011b jako definovan\u00e1, m\u011bl b\u00fdt za\u010d\u00e1tek, konec hodnocen\u00ed, tak tam ani ne\u0161lo, sp\u00ed\u0161 to byl takov\u00fd soubor metod nebo c\u00edl a t\u00edm c\u00edlem ten pojem asanace znamenalo prost\u011b v podstat\u011b vypuzen\u00ed tedy ze zem\u011b, ty n\u00e1stroje se v\u0161\u00edm, to byl ten nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1stroj, tak to bylo neust\u00e1le p\u0159edvol\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed k tzv. pod\u00e1n\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed zcela malichern\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f, byla to prost\u011b \u0161ikana, r\u016fzn\u00e9 pobyty cel\u00e9ho p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho zadr\u017een\u00ed a potom u\u017e takov\u00e1 \u0161ikana, kter\u00e1 prob\u00edhala podle moment\u00e1ln\u00edch podm\u00ednek, to znamen\u00e1 t\u0159eba od odeb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159idi\u010dsk\u00fdch technick\u00fdch pr\u016fkaz\u016f, vyhazov\u00e1n\u00ed ze zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed ze \u0161kol a podobn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vladim\u00edr Kroc, moder\u00e1tor<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>Typov\u011b, kdo byli nej\u010dast\u011bji ob\u011bt\u00ed St\u00e1tn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, byli to na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b chartist\u00e9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prokop Tomek, historik, Vojensk\u00fd historick\u00fd \u00fastav Praha<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>No, tak on ten komunistick\u00fd re\u017eim v\u016fbec nem\u011bl v \u00famyslu n\u011bjakou masou emigraci. Ten odliv mozk\u016f jako nebyl \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed, to znamen\u00e1, bylo to opravdu vybr\u00e1no na ty lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed byli n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem nepohodln\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed d\u011blali probl\u00e9my, a to v prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b to byly teda samoz\u0159ejm\u011b chartist\u00e9 plus dal\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed byli z toho okruhu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vladim\u00edr Kroc, moder\u00e1tor<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>A jak\u00e9 dopady to m\u011blo na rodiny&nbsp;<strong>posti\u017een\u00fdch<\/strong>? Jak do \u017eivota lid\u00ed St\u00e1tn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost zasahovala?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prokop Tomek, historik, Vojensk\u00fd historick\u00fd \u00fastav Praha<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>No, tak ty rodiny se vyst\u011bhov\u00e1valy, to znamen\u00e1 t\u0159eba pro ty, zejm\u00e9na pro tu ml\u00e1de\u017e, pro ty mlad\u00e9 lidi to m\u011blo ,t\u011b\u017eko \u0159\u00edct, jak\u00e9 to m\u011blo dopady. Ocitly se v nov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jim mo\u017en\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148ovalo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozvoj ne\u017e tady v \u010ceskoslovensku, kde byli prost\u011b ob\u010dan\u00e9 druh\u00e9 kategorie nebo d\u011bti ob\u010dan\u016f druh\u00e9 kategorie. Na druhou stranu to znamenalo rozbit\u00ed rodin, jako v\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bch lid\u00ed se mohla dostat potom u\u017e zp\u00e1tky ke sv\u00fdm rodi\u010d\u016fm, p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdm. Tady v \u010ceskoslovensku znamen\u00e1, zd\u00e1lo se t\u0159eba, sice to nakonec bylo jenom na t\u0159eba kolem 10 let, proto\u017ee, pak padl re\u017eim, ale nikdo nev\u011bd\u011bl, zd\u00e1lo se, \u017ee to je natrvalo, \u017ee u\u017e prost\u011b, vlastn\u011b svoje prarodi\u010de t\u0159eba neuvid\u00ed nikdy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vladim\u00edr Kroc, moder\u00e1tor<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>Kolik lid\u00ed nakonec pod t\u00edmto tlakem opravdu opustilo tehdej\u0161\u00ed \u010ceskoslovensko?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prokop Tomek, historik, Vojensk\u00fd historick\u00fd \u00fastav Praha<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>No, tak tam mysl\u00edm, \u017ee ten v\u00fdzkum vlastn\u011b v\u016fbec nen\u00ed n\u011bjak jako dokon\u010den, neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd p\u0159esn\u00fd p\u0159ehled. To ministerstvo vnitra uva\u017euje, \u017ee by se mohlo p\u0159ihl\u00e1sit a\u017e 400 osob. Sp\u00ed\u0161e se hovo\u0159\u00ed o des\u00edtk\u00e1ch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed byli takto vypuzen\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b k tomu by se nav\u00e1zal i po\u010det t\u011bch jako partner\u016f a d\u011bt\u00ed. Mo\u017en\u00e1 j\u00e1 nech\u00e1pu, nev\u00edm, jak to je tam p\u0159esn\u011b koncipov\u00e1no.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vladim\u00edr Kroc, moder\u00e1tor<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>Od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed se m\u00e1 t\u00fdkat tak\u00e9 lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed podl\u00e9hali tzv. ochrann\u00e9mu dohledu. V \u010dem spo\u010d\u00edval?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prokop Tomek, historik, Vojensk\u00fd historick\u00fd \u00fastav Praha<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>Ten ochrann\u00fd dohled byl p\u016fvodn\u011b zam\u00fd\u0161len jako takov\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed k \u0159ekn\u011bme omezen\u00ed vlivu recidivist\u016f, to znamen\u00e1 lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed byli dlouhodob\u011b, dlouhodob\u011b d\u011blali n\u011bjak\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, ale pro ty krimin\u00e1ln\u00ed recidivisty. Ve skute\u010dnosti se to ale aplikovalo i na lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed byli recidivisty politick\u00fdmi a znamenalo to mo\u017en\u00fd prost\u011b permanentn\u00ed dohled na ty lidi i v civilu, dal\u0161\u00ed \u0161ikana a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed toho ochrann\u00e9ho dohledu znamen\u00e1 nehl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed se na policii, nezdr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se doma v ur\u010den\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch atd. to mohlo znamenat i dal\u0161\u00ed uv\u011bzn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vladim\u00edr Kroc, moder\u00e1tor<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>Jak se podle v\u00e1s spole\u010dnost vypo\u0159\u00e1dala s komunistickou minulost\u00ed?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prokop Tomek, historik, Vojensk\u00fd historick\u00fd \u00fastav Praha<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>No, tak to je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka. Kdy\u017e se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na cel\u00fd ten postsov\u011btsk\u00fd blok, tak se ta \u010desk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost vypo\u0159\u00e1dala relativn\u011b dob\u0159e, \u0159ada v\u011bc\u00ed se povedla jako r\u016fzn\u00e9 od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed, restituce majetku, rehabilitace odsouzen\u00fdch atd. ale jist\u011b jako nikdy nelze \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee prost\u011b je hotovo, proto\u017ee to je dlouhodob\u00fd proces. Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee vlastn\u011b ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m prostoru se znovu a znovu objevuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1 rezidua minulosti, r\u016fzn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9, jak se ukazuj\u00ed, tak prost\u011b nejsou vy\u0159e\u0161eny. Tak\u017ee vypo\u0159\u00e1dala se sice relativn\u011b dob\u0159e, ale je to ur\u010dit\u011b dlouhodob\u00fd proces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vladim\u00edr Kroc, moder\u00e1tor<br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<br \/>P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 historik Prokop Tomek z Vojensk\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu. D\u011bkuju, na shledanou.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Radio\u017eurn\u00e1l Sn\u011bmovna bude schvalovat od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed pro lidi nucen\u00e9 komunistick\u00fdm re\u017eimem k emigraci. Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed koalice prosazuje schv\u00e1len\u00ed ve zrychlen\u00e9m stavu u\u017e v prvn\u00edm \u010dten\u00ed. Kompenzace 100 <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=57769\" title=\"Sn\u011bmovna schvaluje od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed pro lidi nucen\u00e9 komunistick\u00fdm re\u017eimem k emigraci\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":915,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57769","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57769","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=57769"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57769\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/915"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=57769"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=57769"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=57769"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}