Lidem nad 50 let se budou \u010dast\u011bji vy\u0161et\u0159ovat ledviny<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lidem nad 50 let budou nov\u011b prakti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i vy\u0161et\u0159ovat\u00a0ledviny<\/strong>\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva roky m\u00edsto \u010dty\u0159let\u00e9ho intervalu. Diabetiky by tato vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed m\u011bla \u010dekat ka\u017ed\u00fd rok. Bude to sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky, kterou p\u0159ipravuje ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed (MZd). Informovali o tom z\u00e1stupci \u010cesk\u00e9 nefrologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Platit by m\u011bla podle p\u0159edsedy Sdru\u017een\u00ed praktick\u00fdch l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f Petra \u0160onky od leto\u0161n\u00edho \u010dervence nebo od ledna p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku. Odborn\u00edci toti\u017e podle dosavadn\u00edch progn\u00f3z o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee v roce 2040 budou nemoci\u00a0ledvin<\/strong>\u00a0p\u00e1tou nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou \u00famrt\u00ed, v sou\u010dasnosti jsou na dev\u00e1t\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Praktici v\u0161ak nebudou rozes\u00edlat pozv\u00e1nky. Jestli\u017ee je \u010dlov\u011bku 50 a v\u00edce let, m\u011bl by se s\u00e1m objednat u sv\u00e9ho praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e a nechat se od n\u011bj vy\u0161et\u0159it na ledviny, proto\u017ee v jeho v\u011bkov\u00e9 skupin\u011b je desetkr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee m\u00e1 nemocn\u00e9\u00a0ledviny<\/strong>, ne\u017e je tomu u lid\u00ed mlad\u0161\u00edch. „V\u011bkem nemoci\u00a0ledvin<\/strong>\u00a0dramaticky nar\u016fstaj\u00ed, nam\u00edsto 10 procent v\u00fdskytu v mlad\u0161\u00ed populaci u\u017e jde o 25 procent p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f onemocn\u011bn\u00ed,“ popsal Ivan Rychl\u00edk, p\u0159ednosta Intern\u00ed kliniky 3. l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty UK a Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 Vinohrady a p\u0159edseda \u010cesk\u00e9 nefrologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Podle odhad\u016f odborn\u00edk\u016f tak trp\u00ed chronick\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm\u00a0ledvin<\/strong>\u00a0p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd des\u00e1t\u00fd dosp\u011bl\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk v \u010cesku. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Chronick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin nebol\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dokonce dlouho bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u00e9 a pacient o n\u011bm tedy do pokro\u010dil\u00e9 f\u00e1ze nemoci nev\u00ed. Hroz\u00ed mu ov\u0161em p\u0159itom komplikace jako je infarkt myokardu \u010di mozkov\u00e1 mrtvice. Nej\u010dast\u011bji toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed postihuje diabetiky, seniory a ty, kte\u0159\u00ed se pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed s vysok\u00fdm tlakem nebo srde\u010dn\u011b c\u00e9vn\u00edmi chorobami. Nemocn\u00ed se do p\u00e9\u010de l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f \u010dasto dostanou a\u017e ve chv\u00edli prvn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f selh\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch\u00a0ledvin<\/strong>, mezi kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed \u00fanava, nev\u00fdkonnost, chudokrevnost, vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak nebo tak\u00e9 nechutenstv\u00ed \u010di pocit na zvracen\u00ed. „Ve chv\u00edli, kdy\u00a0ledviny<\/strong>\u00a0funguj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e z jedn\u00e9 \u0161estiny, je nutn\u00e9 nahradit funkci tohoto org\u00e1nu dial\u00fdzou nebo transplantac\u00ed. Ro\u010dn\u011b u n\u00e1s zah\u00e1j\u00ed dial\u00fdzu 1 600\u20131 800 pacient\u016f,“ dodal prof. MUDr. Ivan Rychl\u00edk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Podle dat WHO se chronick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed\u00a0ledvin<\/strong>\u00a0st\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm d\u016fvodem \u00famrt\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed je na t\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dce, v roce 2040 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt podle sou\u010dasn\u00fdch progn\u00f3z p\u00e1tou nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou \u00famrt\u00ed. Na nemoc v rann\u00e9 f\u00e1zi p\u0159itom ji\u017e deset let existuj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e9ky. Ledviny<\/strong>\u00a0maj\u00ed v t\u011ble n\u011bkolik funkc\u00ed. Jejich \u00fakolem je zbavovat t\u011blo p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00e9 vody a spolu s n\u00ed tak\u00e9 odpadn\u00edch l\u00e1tek metabolismu. Produkuj\u00ed hormon, kter\u00fd se uplat\u0148uje p\u0159i dozr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u010derven\u00fdch krvinek, a jsou tak\u00e9 odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za p\u0159em\u011bnu vitaminu D do aktivn\u00ed formy, kter\u00e1 podporuje vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1pn\u00edku v kostech. A kone\u010dn\u011b hraj\u00ed i d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed norm\u00e1ln\u00edho krevn\u00edho tlaku. Hned po mozku maj\u00ed v t\u011ble nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed minutov\u00fd pr\u016ftok krve. Lidem nad 50 let se budou \u010dast\u011bji vy\u0161et\u0159ovat ledviny Lidem nad 50 let budou nov\u011b prakti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i vy\u0161et\u0159ovat\u00a0ledviny\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva roky m\u00edsto \u010dty\u0159let\u00e9ho intervalu. Diabetiky by […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":58354,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-58346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58346","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=58346"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58346\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/58354"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=58346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=58346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=58346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Ledviny<\/strong>\u00a0ni\u010d\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad cukrovka, ateroskler\u00f3za nebo vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak \u2013 a t\u011bchto civiliza\u010dn\u00edch chorob je v populaci \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u00edc. P\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 nov\u011b nemocn\u00fdch, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed ledviny v tak \u0161patn\u00e9m stavu, \u017ee musej\u00ed j\u00edt ji\u017e po prvn\u00edm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed rovnou na dial\u00fdzu. Nefrologov\u00e9 proto apeluj\u00ed na praktick\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159e, aby rizikov\u00e9 pacienty vy\u0161et\u0159ovali p\u0159i pravideln\u00fdch preventivn\u00edch prohl\u00eddk\u00e1ch. U mno\u017estv\u00ed lid\u00ed by tak mohli odhalit nemoc\u00a0ledvin<\/strong>\u00a0d\u0159\u00edv, ne\u017e jim zp\u016fsob\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed komplikace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ke v\u010dasn\u00e9 diagnostice l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm p\u0159itom sta\u010d\u00ed zn\u00e1t t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed parametry, kter\u00e9 se zjist\u00ed z odb\u011bru mo\u010di, krve a z ultrazvukov\u00e9ho vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed ledvin<\/strong>. „Kdy\u017e\u00a0ledviny<\/strong>\u00a0za\u010dnou \u0161patn\u011b fungovat, propisuje se to do cel\u00e9ho organismu. Prvn\u00edm symptomem je vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak a pak se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch biochemick\u00fdch a patofyziologick\u00fdch mechanism\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm faktorem je p\u0159\u00edtomnost b\u00edlkoviny v mo\u010di. Kdy\u017e u pacienta zjist\u00edme oboj\u00ed, tak se dramaticky zhor\u0161uje jeho progn\u00f3za na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed,“ upozornil MUDr. Rychl\u00edk.
Pouk\u00e1zal na alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed stav, kdy a\u017e polovina pacient\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed dosud nikdy nenav\u0161t\u00edvili nefrologa, nastupuje takzvan\u011b z ulice rovnou na dialyza\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu. „Kdy\u017e za\u010dneme pacienta v\u010das l\u00e9\u010dit, odd\u00e1l\u00edme nutnost dialyza\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby a\u017e o 26 let,“ vysv\u011btlil Rychl\u00edk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u010cesk\u00e1 nefrologick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost proto p\u0159ipravila jednoduch\u00fd doporu\u010den\u00fd postup pro praktick\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159e, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou jejich partnery v prevenci. „Nov\u00fd doporu\u010den\u00fd postup, na kter\u00e9m jsme se shodli s praktick\u00fdmi l\u00e9ka\u0159i, zahrnuje laboratorn\u00ed testy krve a mo\u010di. Jeho c\u00edlem je zachytit pacienty, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eeme \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b l\u00e9\u010dit, a postup nemoci tak v\u00fdrazn\u011b zpomalit. Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed proto budou prov\u00e1d\u011bt prakti\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i u rizikov\u00fdch pacient\u016f. Jedenkr\u00e1t ro\u010dn\u011b by je m\u011bli absolvovat diabetici, jedenkr\u00e1t za dva roky pak osoby star\u0161\u00ed 50 let, pacienti s onemocn\u011bn\u00edm srdce \u010di c\u00e9v a pacienti s vysok\u00fdm krevn\u00edm tlakem,“ vysv\u011btluje prof. MUDr. Ond\u0159ej Viklick\u00fd, CSc., p\u0159ednosta Kliniky nefrologie, Transplantcentra a vedouc\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 Transplanta\u010dn\u00ed laborato\u0159e Institutu klinick\u00e9 a experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed medic\u00edny (IKEM). Testov\u00e1n\u00ed na nemoci\u00a0ledvin<\/strong>\u00a0bude tak\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vstupn\u00ed preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky u praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e.
„Nechceme \u0159e\u0161it jen fin\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1dium dial\u00fdzami nebo transplantac\u00ed, my pracujeme na \u201asebezni\u010den\u00ed\u2018 na\u0161eho oboru,“ konstatoval Viklick\u00fd.
Podle Petra \u0160onky, p\u0159edsedy Sdru\u017een\u00ed praktick\u00fdch l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, pro n\u011b bude z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bnou testov\u00e1n\u00ed bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u00fdch lid\u00ed nad 50 let ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva roky, proto\u017ee diabetiky ji\u017e testuj\u00ed.
„Cel\u00fd ten nefrologick\u00fd n\u00e1vrh jsme p\u0159eklopili do vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky o preventivn\u00edch prohl\u00eddk\u00e1ch. V tuto chv\u00edli fini\u0161uje p\u0159\u00edprava a je v p\u0159ipom\u00ednkov\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. M\u011bla by b\u00fdt v platnosti od 1. \u010dervence tohoto roku, pop\u0159\u00edpad\u011b od 1. ledna p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku,“ uzav\u0159el \u0160onka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"