<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zpr\u00e1va o stavu p\u00e9\u010de o ohro\u017een\u00e9 d\u011bti v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice ministerstva \u0161kolstv\u00ed p\u0159i\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 vysok\u00e9 po\u010dty d\u011bt\u00ed v \u00fastavn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di soci\u00e1ln\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm, tedy vylou\u010den\u00fdm lokalit\u00e1m, nezam\u011bstnanosti a chudob\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mnoho d\u011bt\u00ed se kv\u016fli tomu ocit\u00e1 v n\u00e1hradn\u00ed rodin\u011b nebo p\u011bstounsk\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010di. Pokud se tak stane, vyvst\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka: co tyto d\u011bti i jejich n\u00e1hradn\u00ed rodi\u010de v\u011bd\u00ed o biologick\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u00edch? A konkr\u00e9tn\u011b \u2013 co v\u011bd\u00ed o jejich zdravotn\u00edm stavu a d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch nemocech, kter\u00e9 se jich mohou t\u00fdkat? <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Odpov\u011b\u010f je prost\u00e1 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 znepokojiv\u00e1. Velmi \u010dasto nev\u011bd\u00ed nic. A op\u011bt je pr\u00e1v\u011b sever \u010cech v tomto probl\u00e9m: jak je tu nejv\u00edce d\u011bt\u00ed v n\u00e1hradn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di, tak maj\u00ed nejm\u00e9n\u011b dostupn\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch informac\u00ed, proto\u017ee tu panuje nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed anonymita biologick\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u016f. V praxi to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u00fa\u0159ady \u010dasto nemaj\u00ed k dispozici ani z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u00fadaje o zdravotn\u00edm stavu matek a otc\u016f \u2013 mnoh\u00e9 a mnoz\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se zbavili d\u00edt\u011bte, nechodili k l\u00e9ka\u0159i, neabsolvovali prenat\u00e1ln\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed a n\u011bkdy byl porod v\u016fbec prvn\u00edm a z\u00e1rove\u0148 jedin\u00fdm okam\u017eikem, kdy se matka dostala do kontaktu se zdravotn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po porodu rodi\u010de nebo matka zmizeli beze stopy, bez dal\u0161\u00ed komunikace s \u00fa\u0159ady. A \u010desk\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00ed syst\u00e9m chr\u00e1n\u00ed soukrom\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016f, ne zdrav\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed. \u201eV na\u0161em kraji jsme mnohokr\u00e1t za\u017eili situace, kdy biologick\u00e1 matka poprv\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0161la k l\u00e9ka\u0159i a\u017e v okam\u017eiku porodu. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 t\u011bhotensk\u00e9 prohl\u00eddky, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 anamn\u00e9za, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 p\u0159edchoz\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de. A t\u00edm p\u00e1dem jsme nem\u011bli \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 informace, kter\u00e9 bychom mohli p\u0159edat d\u00e1l,\u201c popisuje Helena Cidrychov\u00e1, \u0159editelka b\u00fdval\u00e9ho kojeneck\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v Most\u011b, kter\u00fd dnes funguje jako D\u011btsk\u00e9 centrum. Dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee v dokumentaci d\u00edt\u011bte se pak objev\u00ed jen jedna v\u011bta: \u201ematka neuvedla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fadaje\u201c. A t\u00edm to kon\u010d\u00ed. \u201ePokud matka nechce nic \u0159\u00edct, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed pracovn\u00edci u\u017e nic nezjist\u00ed. \u010casto jde o rodiny z vylou\u010den\u00fdch lokalit, kter\u00e9 jsou mimo jak\u00fdkoli syst\u00e9m zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de. V\u00fdsledek je, \u017ee adoptivn\u00ed rodi\u010de nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 podklady o zdravotn\u00ed historii d\u00edt\u011bte,\u201c dopl\u0148uje Cidrychov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zdravotn\u00ed anamn\u00e9za biologick\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u016f tak v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech v\u016fbec neexistuje. A pokud ji matka z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b zataj\u00ed, nikdo to nekontroluje. V\u00fdsledkem je, \u017ee adoptovan\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dnou mo\u017enost zjistit, zda v jeho p\u016fvodn\u00ed rodin\u011b nen\u00ed d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad porucha metabolismu, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko rakoviny nebo psychick\u00fdch nemoc\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
A probl\u00e9m nekon\u010d\u00ed u d\u011bt\u00ed. Ani dosp\u011bl\u00ed adoptovan\u00ed lid\u00e9 se k t\u011bmto \u00fadaj\u016fm nedostanou. Sv\u00e9 o tom v\u00ed Petra z Litom\u011b\u0159icka, kter\u00e1 si p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e dvaceti lety adoptovala hol\u010di\u010dku z jednoho kojeneck\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v \u00dasteck\u00e9m kraji. \u201eKdy\u017e jsme \u0161li do adopce, myslela jsem, \u017ee dostaneme aspo\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace \u2013 t\u0159eba jestli m\u00e1 rodina probl\u00e9my se srdcem, jestli jsou tam alergie, psychick\u00e9 nemoci. Ale nedostali jsme skoro nic. Jen \u017ee matka neuvedla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed \u00fadaje a \u017ee otce biologick\u00e1 matka nechce uv\u00e1d\u011bt,\u201c p\u0159ibli\u017euje Petra. Nejistota a probl\u00e9m Velkou nejistotu pro\u017eila Petra, kdy\u017e se u dcery ve dvou letech objevily v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed komplikace. Hol\u010di\u010dka za\u010dala m\u00edt z\u00e1chvaty a \u010dast\u00e9 nevysv\u011btliteln\u00e9 hore\u010dky. Po s\u00e9rii vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i diagnostikovali vrozenou epilepsii s genetickou predispozic\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201ePediatr se m\u011b tehdy ptal na rodinnou anamn\u00e9zu \u2013 jestli se u n\u011bkoho v rodin\u011b vyskytla epilepsie nebo jin\u00e9 neurologick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. J\u00e1 jsem jen bezradn\u011b kr\u010dila rameny. Nem\u011bla jsem co \u0159\u00edct, nem\u011bla jsem \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 informace,\u201c l\u00ed\u010d\u00ed Petra. Podle n\u00ed by se na dce\u0159iny pot\u00ed\u017ee mo\u017en\u00e1 p\u0159i\u0161lo d\u0159\u00edv, kdyby l\u00e9ka\u0159i v\u011bd\u011bli, co hledat. \u201eDodnes nev\u00edme, jestli to m\u00e1 po matce, nebo otci. Jen douf\u00e1me, \u017ee se \u010dasem nep\u0159idaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed komplikace,\u201c p\u0159eje si.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201eV \u010cesku adoptovan\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b nem\u00e1 z\u00e1konn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo nahl\u00ed\u017eet do zdravotn\u00ed dokumentace sv\u00fdch biologick\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u016f. Tyto \u00fadaje chr\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kon o zdravotn\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch a spadaj\u00ed pod l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 tajemstv\u00ed. I v dosp\u011blosti je p\u0159\u00edstup mo\u017en\u00fd jen s v\u00fdslovn\u00fdm souhlasem biologick\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u016f,\u201c vysv\u011btluje advok\u00e1tka Olga Peterkov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 se specializuje na rodinn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo. Dopl\u0148uje, \u017ee zdravotn\u00ed anamn\u00e9za rodi\u010d\u016f se k adoptovan\u00e9mu d\u00edt\u011bti dostane pouze v obecn\u00e9 podob\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad ve stru\u010dn\u00e9m posudku p\u0159i osvojen\u00ed. Pokud matka \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 informace neposkytne, nen\u00ed co p\u0159ed\u00e1vat. V\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 nemoc Ani pozd\u011bji se situace nezlep\u0161\u00ed. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice neexistuje mechanismus, kter\u00fd by umo\u017enil biologick\u00fdm rodi\u010d\u016fm anonymn\u011b p\u0159edat d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed informace pot\u00e9, co bylo d\u00edt\u011b adoptov\u00e1no. Pokud se tedy u biologick\u00e9ho rodi\u010de t\u0159eba deset let po adopci objev\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 genetick\u00e1 nemoc, nikdo nem\u00e1 povinnost d\u00edt\u011b informovat. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad takovou mo\u017enost nem\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
V zahrani\u010d\u00ed je p\u0159itom b\u011b\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee st\u00e1t vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed registry genetick\u00fdch rizik. Ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku nebo Kanad\u011b nap\u0159\u00edklad existuj\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kde biologick\u00fd rodi\u010d nebo l\u00e9ka\u0159 mohou dodat aktualizaci, a adoptovan\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b dostane upozorn\u011bn\u00ed, ani\u017e by byla odhalena identita rodi\u010de. V \u00dasteck\u00e9m kraji, kde je nejv\u00edce d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dnou rodinnou anamn\u00e9zu nemaj\u00ed, by takov\u00fd syst\u00e9m byl obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pot\u0159ebn\u00fd. Eva, kter\u00e1 vyr\u016fstala v adoptivn\u00ed rodin\u011b v Litom\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch, za\u017eila na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei, co znamen\u00e1 neznalost genetick\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee. V dosp\u011blosti j\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i diagnostikovali vrozenou poruchu sr\u00e1\u017elivosti krve. \u201eDokto\u0159i se m\u011b ptali, jestli to m\u00e1 n\u011bkdo v rodin\u011b. J\u00e1 jsem jen kr\u010dila rameny. A\u017e kdy\u017e jsem po letech vyp\u00e1trala biologickou tetu, zjistila jsem, \u017ee to m\u011bla i moje matka. Kdybych to v\u011bd\u011bla d\u0159\u00edv, mohla jsem se chr\u00e1nit, vyhnout se n\u011bkter\u00fdm l\u00e9k\u016fm a nemusela bych proj\u00edt tolika komplikacemi,\u201c nasti\u0148uje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Podobn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f je v kraji mnoho. I podle l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed v \u00dasteck\u00e9m kraji pracuj\u00ed s d\u011btmi v n\u00e1hradn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di, je p\u0159itom znalost rodinn\u00e9 anamn\u00e9zy kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pro v\u010dasnou diagnostiku a prevenci. \u201eKdy\u017e nev\u00edme nic o rodi\u010d\u00edch, je to jako l\u00e9\u010dit naslepo. D\u00edt\u011b m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt genetick\u00e9 predispozice k cukrovce, srde\u010dn\u00edm vad\u00e1m nebo psychick\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm, ale my na to p\u0159ijdeme a\u017e tehdy, kdy\u017e se projev\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky. To je pozd\u011b,\u201c upozor\u0148uje Jan Ko\u017e\u00ed\u0161ek, pediatr z Lovosicka. Z\u00e1kon ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 m\u011bstsk\u00fdm Odbor\u016fm soci\u00e1ln\u011b-pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ochrany d\u011bt\u00ed (OSPOD) i za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm v kraji povinnost shrom\u00e1\u017edit dostupn\u00e9 informace p\u0159ed adopc\u00ed, ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad nezaru\u010d\u00ed jejich \u00faplnost. \u201eN\u011bkdy jsme m\u011bli o rodin\u011b v\u00edc \u00fadaj\u016f \u2013 t\u0159eba kdy\u017e matka rodila v nemocnici a byla sledovan\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159i. Ale jindy jsme nem\u011bli nic, proto\u017ee rodi\u010de prost\u011b ml\u010deli nebo v\u016fbec nebyli v syst\u00e9mu,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed \u0159editelka Helena Cidrychov\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jednou z mo\u017en\u00fdch cest ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed je vytvo\u0159en\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00edho registru genetick\u00fdch rizik, kter\u00fd by byl dostupn\u00fd i adoptovan\u00fdm, a sou\u010dasn\u011b zaveden\u00ed jednotn\u00e9 metodiky pro OSPOD a zdravotnick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, aby l\u00e9pe shroma\u017e\u010fovala kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 informace je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed adopc\u00ed. \u201eNejde o naru\u0161en\u00ed soukrom\u00ed biologick\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u016f, ale o ochranu zdrav\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte. Informace, kter\u00e9 mohou zachr\u00e1nit \u017eivot, by nem\u011bly z\u016fstat v \u0161upl\u00edku,\u201c uzav\u00edr\u00e1 advok\u00e1tka Petra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Zpr\u00e1va o stavu p\u00e9\u010de o ohro\u017een\u00e9 d\u011bti v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice ministerstva \u0161kolstv\u00ed p\u0159i\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 vysok\u00e9 po\u010dty d\u011bt\u00ed v \u00fastavn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di soci\u00e1ln\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm, tedy vylou\u010den\u00fdm lokalit\u00e1m, nezam\u011bstnanosti […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21852,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59498","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59498","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=59498"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59498\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21852"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=59498"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=59498"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=59498"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}