\u010cRo Radio\u017eurn\u00e1l<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00damrtnost na nemoci, kter\u00fdm lze p\u0159edch\u00e1zet zdrav\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem nebo v\u010dasnou l\u00e9\u010dbou, je v \u010cesku o \u010dtvrtinu vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pr\u016fm\u011br Evropsk\u00e9 unie. Nad\u011bje do\u017eit\u00ed mu\u017e\u016f v \u010cesku je o bezm\u00e1la dva roky ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9ho Evropana, u \u017een je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed zhruba o rok. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u010ce\u0161i a \u010ce\u0161ky jsou tak\u00e9 na sklonku \u017eivota d\u00e9le nemocn\u00ed. Upozornil na to dnes N\u00e1rodn\u00ed institut pro v\u00fdzkum socioekonomick\u00fdch dopad\u016f nemoci a syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch rizik Syri a dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee situaci na tomhle poli by vedle d\u016fsledn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed osobn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti za vlastn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed mohly zlep\u0161it zm\u011bny v oblasti prevence ekonomiky a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
moder\u00e1torka<\/strong> Z jak\u00fdch dat vych\u00e1z\u00ed to va\u0161e dne\u0161n\u00ed upozorn\u011bn\u00ed? <\/p>\n\n\n\n Michala Lustigov\u00e1, seniorn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumnice Institutu Syri<\/strong> Tak prim\u00e1rn\u011b to dne\u0161n\u00ed upozorn\u011bn\u00ed vych\u00e1z\u00ed z dat Eurostatu, kter\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b zve\u0159ejnil ta data o t\u00e9 odvratiteln\u00e9 \u00famrtnosti. J\u00e1 bych mo\u017en\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b \u0159ekl, \u017ee to vlastn\u011b vych\u00e1z\u00ed z dat o zem\u0159el\u00fdch a zejm\u00e9na o p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u00e1ch \u00famrt\u00ed a ta odvratiteln\u00e1 \u00famrtnost je takov\u00fd koncept, kter\u00fd vych\u00e1z\u00ed ze sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho stavu pozn\u00e1n\u00ed o tom, jak vznikaj\u00ed nemoci, tak\u017ee my v\u00edme, \u017ee \u0159ada nemoc\u00ed vznik\u00e1 v d\u016fsledku \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu. Tak to jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b ta preventabiln\u00ed \u00famrt\u00ed a \u0159adu nemoc\u00ed um\u00edme l\u00e9\u010dit, ono to nelze takhle jakoby ta jednotliv\u00e1, jednotliv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny \u00famrt\u00ed rozd\u011blit na l\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e1 a preventabiln\u00ed. Asi je n\u00e1m jasn\u00e9, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina onemocn\u011bn\u00ed m\u00e1 jak tu preventabiln\u00ed, tak tu l\u00e9\u010ditelnou slo\u017eku. J\u00e1 bych mo\u017en\u00e1, jestli m\u016f\u017eu, uvedla n\u011bjak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n moder\u00e1torka<\/strong> Tak ano, o ty jsem v\u00e1s cht\u011bla po\u017e\u00e1dat. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Michala Lustigov\u00e1, seniorn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumnice Institutu Syri<\/strong> Jo, tak z hlediska t\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e9 asi prost\u011b takov\u00fd klasick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad, z\u00e1n\u011bt slep\u00e9ho st\u0159eva, to je n\u011bco, co modern\u00ed medic\u00edna um\u00ed d\u00e1vno l\u00e9\u010dit a je to prost\u011b onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, na kter\u00e9 bysme nem\u011bli um\u00edrat. Z hlediska t\u011bch preventabiln\u00edch, tam t\u011bch skupin je v\u00edc. J\u00e1 bych t\u0159eba zm\u00ednila ty, na kter\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale jsou to i chronick\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako t\u0159eba zhoubn\u00fd novotvar plic, u kter\u00e9ho v\u00edme, \u017ee v 90 % vznik\u00e1 v d\u016fsledku kou\u0159en\u00ed, ale m\u016f\u017eeme sem t\u0159eba za\u0159adit i \u00farazy. No, a z hlediska takov\u00fdch t\u011bch, takov\u00fdho jako nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho bal\u00edku t\u011bch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou jak l\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e9, tak preventabiln\u00ed, tak tam bysme vlastn\u011b mohli za\u0159adit v\u0161echna kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nebo t\u0159eba diabetes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u011bra \u0160techrov\u00e1, moder\u00e1torka<\/strong> No, my u\u017e jsme \u0159\u00edkali, \u017ee v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s evropsk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi na tom nejsme dob\u0159e, ale jak se ta \u00famrtnost na tyhle nemoci m\u011bn\u00ed v \u010cesku s \u010dasem, zlep\u0161uje se to, alespo\u0148? <\/p>\n\n\n\n Michala Lustigov\u00e1, seniorn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumnice Institutu Syri<\/strong> Tak, t\u00edm, jak n\u00e1m nar\u016fst\u00e1 ta nad\u011bje do\u017eit\u00ed jako takov\u00e1, tak je asi jasn\u00e9, \u017ee se to zlep\u0161uje. J\u00e1 bych mo\u017en\u00e1 vyp\u00edchla takov\u00e9 jako v takov\u00e9 oblasti, kde tro\u0161ku zaost\u00e1v\u00e1me nebo kde zaost\u00e1v\u00e1me, kde m\u00e1me ur\u010dit\u00e9 rezervy, to je pr\u00e1v\u011b ta \u00famrtnost na ischemickou chorobu srde\u010dn\u00ed, zhoubn\u00fd novotvar tlust\u00e9ho st\u0159eva a kone\u010dn\u00edku, pr\u00e1v\u011b ten zhoubn\u00fd novotvar plic, ale je to t\u0159eba i covid Covid-19, kde ta \u00famrtnost u n\u00e1s je v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed a nebo jsou to t\u0159eba i onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 souvis\u00ed s konzumac\u00ed alkoholu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n moder\u00e1torka<\/strong> No, a co je tedy d\u016fvodem t\u011bch vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00edsel? Je to ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed osobn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost nebo \u0161patn\u00e1 prevence nebo mo\u017en\u00e1 i mezery syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 mezery v syst\u00e9mu prevence? Michala Lustigov\u00e1, seniorn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumnice Institutu Syri<\/strong> J\u00e1 bych \u0159ekla, \u017ee vlastn\u011b se jakoby kumuluj\u00ed jak ty d\u016fvody na individu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni, tak na t\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9, na t\u00e9 individu\u00e1ln\u00ed je to p\u0159esn\u011b ten, jakoby ta n\u00edzk\u00e1, n\u00edzk\u00e1 zodpov\u011bdnost. Mo\u017en\u00e1 to nen\u00ed jakoby takov\u00e1 ta dostate\u010dn\u00e1 v\u00fdchova k tomu, \u017ee za zdrav\u00ed se zodpov\u00edd\u00e1me zejm\u00e9na my a ten l\u00e9ka\u0159 je tady a\u017e v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee n\u011bco nefunguje, ale mo\u017en\u00e1 je to i n\u00edzk\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed gramotnost a n\u011bjak\u00e9 chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed, k \u010demu vlastn\u011b jakoby ten v\u010dasn\u00fd z\u00e1chyt, ten screening je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd. A pak to jsou i takov\u00e9 individu\u00e1ln\u00ed bari\u00e9ry typu, \u017ee \u0159ada osob m\u00e1 t\u0159eba strach jak z toho vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, tak prost\u011b potom z t\u00e9 diagn\u00f3zy a, l\u00e9\u010dby. A mo\u017en\u00e1 takov\u00fdm jako nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm je to, \u017ee zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st populace si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee kdy\u017e nem\u00e1m \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky, tak vlastn\u011b jsem zdrav\u00fd, my tomu dokonce \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me zd\u00e1nliv\u011b zdrav\u00e1 populace, proto\u017ee osoby se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee jsou zdrav\u00e9, ale kdy\u017e by u nich bylo provedeno n\u011bjak\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, tak budou m\u00edt n\u011bjak\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a to vlastn\u011b v\u0161echno souvis\u00ed s tou zdravotn\u00ed gramotnost\u00ed. No, a z hlediska toho syst\u00e9mu bych mo\u017en\u00e1 \u0159ekla, \u017ee v\u00edme, \u017ee v n\u011bkter\u00fdch regionech je probl\u00e9m sehnat praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e, \u017ee zhruba 2 % dosp\u011bl\u00e9 populace nem\u00e1 praktika, potom, \u017ee 50 % nechod\u00ed na prevenci. To zase souvis\u00ed jak s tou gramotnost\u00ed, tak mo\u017en\u00e1 i s komunikac\u00ed, s t\u00edm praktick\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159em, to my vlastn\u011b pova\u017eujeme jakoby, nebo se ukazuje, \u017ee st\u011b\u017eejn\u00ed ta komunikace a d\u016fv\u011bra praktick\u00e9mu l\u00e9ka\u0159i. Praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159, pacient, tam vlastn\u011b jakoby vznik\u00e1 ten z\u00e1klad pro tu v\u010dasnou prevenci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n moder\u00e1torka<\/strong> Vy jste tu n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t zm\u00ednila zdravotn\u00ed gramotnost, to je takov\u00fd term\u00edn, kter\u00fd \u00fapln\u011b \u010dasto nesly\u0161\u00edme. Tak kdo by m\u011bl b\u00fdt t\u00edm garantem t\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed gramotnosti, rodina nebo mo\u017en\u00e1 st\u00e1t?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Michala Lustigov\u00e1, seniorn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumnice Institutu Syri<\/strong> J\u00e1 si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee by to m\u011bl b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fdchovy ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch, nau\u010dit vlastn\u011b nau\u010dit tu populaci, co znamen\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jak se m\u016f\u017ee projevovat, \u017ee \u0159ada \u0159adu m\u016f\u017eou m\u00edt po des\u00edtky let, ani\u017e by se to projevilo, ale to neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u011b v\u00fdchova, proto\u017ee se ukazuje, \u017ee vlastn\u011b ty bari\u00e9ry nebo takov\u00e9 n\u011bjak\u00e9 jako rizika se kumuluj\u00ed u, dejme tomu, rizikov\u00fdch skupin osob. Tak\u017ee nem\u00e1m t\u0159eba tu v\u00fdchovu ke zdrav\u00ed v rodin\u011b, do toho m\u00e1m hor\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed styl, do toho vynech\u00e1v\u00e1m prevenci. Tak\u017ee vlastn\u011b jako podle m\u011b jakoby c\u00edlem toho st\u00e1tu by m\u011blo b\u00fdt zac\u00edlit na n\u011bjak\u00e9 rizikov\u00e9 skupiny obyvatel, kter\u00e9 jsou dob\u0159e identifikovateln\u00e9 z n\u011bjak\u00fdch \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed o zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u011bra \u0160techrov\u00e1, moder\u00e1torka<\/strong> Tolik Michala Lustigov\u00e1, v\u00fdzkumnice Institutu Syri. Mluvili jsme o \u00famrtnosti na nemoci, kter\u00fdm lze p\u0159edch\u00e1zet. D\u011bkuju v\u00e1m, na sly\u0161enou.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u010cRo Radio\u017eurn\u00e1l \u00damrtnost na nemoci, kter\u00fdm lze p\u0159edch\u00e1zet zdrav\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem nebo v\u010dasnou l\u00e9\u010dbou, je v \u010cesku o \u010dtvrtinu vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pr\u016fm\u011br Evropsk\u00e9 unie. Nad\u011bje […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19373,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60013","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spolecnost"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60013","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=60013"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60013\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19373"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=60013"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=60013"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=60013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}