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Nejsou vid\u011bt, ale mohou b\u00fdt smrteln\u00e9<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Praha, 27. srpna 2025 \u2013 Kdy\u017e se \u010dlov\u011bk \u0159\u00edzne, r\u00e1na se obvykle zacel\u00ed a na m\u00edst\u011b z\u016fstane jizva. Na k\u016f\u017ei jde o v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b estetick\u00fd probl\u00e9m, pokud se v\u0161ak jizvy objev\u00ed na plic\u00edch, mohou zab\u00edjet. Zjizven\u00e1, tj. fibrotick\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148 toti\u017e neumo\u017e\u0148uje pr\u016fchod kysl\u00edku. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u011bkterou z\u00a0forem plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3zy v\u00a0\u010cesku trp\u00ed tis\u00edce lid\u00ed a ka\u017ed\u00fd rok jich dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 150 p\u0159ibude. Modern\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba dnes dok\u00e1\u017ee proces jizven\u00ed zpomalit, kl\u00ed\u010dem je ale rychl\u00e9 odhalen\u00ed nemoci. S\u00a0t\u00edm, aby se pacienti dostali k\u00a0odborn\u00edk\u016fm v\u010das, pom\u00e1h\u00e1 i program \u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu rakoviny plic. P\u0159i vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed toti\u017e l\u00e9ka\u0159i nach\u00e1zej\u00ed krom\u011b rakoviny dal\u0161\u00ed nemoci \u2013 a mezi nimi pr\u00e1v\u011b fibr\u00f3zu. O\u00a0situaci l\u00e9ka\u0159i informuj\u00ed u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti M\u011bs\u00edce plicn\u00edch fibr\u00f3z, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201e<\/em>Screening rakoviny plic<\/em><\/a> je v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zdrojem z\u00e1chytu fibr\u00f3z. O t\u00e9to v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 nemoci se na rozd\u00edl od rakoviny t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemluv\u00ed, a p\u0159itom je stejn\u011b tak smrteln\u00e1. Plicn\u00edch fibr\u00f3z je v\u00edce druh\u016f, v\u0161echny ale maj\u00ed stejn\u00fd rys \u2013 postupuj\u00ed v\u00a0\u010dase, maj\u00ed tendenci zajizvovat plicn\u00ed tk\u00e1\u0148 a pacienta \u010dasem udusit. Proto je nesm\u00edrn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nasadit v\u010das l\u00e9\u010dbu, kter\u00e1 procesu jizven\u00ed br\u00e1n\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje p\u0159ednostka Pneumologick\u00e9 kliniky Fakultn\u00ed Thomayerovy nemocnice a 1. LF UK prof.\u00a0MUDr.\u00a0Martina Koziar Va\u0161\u00e1kov\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Od roku 2022 do 2024 absolvovalo v\u00a0r\u00e1mci screeningu rakoviny plic vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed s\u00a0pomoc\u00ed n\u00edzkod\u00e1vkov\u00e9ho CT 14\u00a0989 rizikov\u00fdch osob. U 3,5 % (464 osob) l\u00e9ka\u0159i jako sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed n\u00e1lez objevili fibrotick\u00e9 zm\u011bny na plic\u00edch. Z t\u011bchto 464\u00a0osob bylo u 6,0 % (28) nakonec diagnostikov\u00e1no interstici\u00e1ln\u00ed plicn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Fibr\u00f3zy se \u010dasto poj\u00ed s\u00a0jin\u00fdmi nemocemi, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad revmatoidn\u00ed artritida nebo syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 sklerodermie. Nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formou plicn\u00edch fibr\u00f3z je tzv. idiopatick\u00e1 plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3za, kter\u00e1 bez l\u00e9\u010dby zab\u00edj\u00ed do 2\u20135 let. Tu m\u00e1 v\u00a0\u010cR dle odhad\u016f odborn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159es 1 300 osob. Antifibrotickou l\u00e9\u010dbu, kter\u00e1 postup nemoci zpomaluje, v\u0161ak u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jen asi 800 z\u00a0nich. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201eNemoc se zpo\u010d\u00e1tku projevuje \u00fanavou a postupn\u011b s\u00edl\u00edc\u00ed du\u0161nost\u00ed p\u0159i n\u00e1maze. Lid\u00e9 je ale \u010dasto zam\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed za p\u0159\u00edznak st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u010di \u0161patn\u00e9 kondice, a do ordinace n\u00e1m chod\u00ed a\u017e v\u00a0pokro\u010dil\u00e9 f\u00e1zi nemoci. Ne v\u0161em pak m\u016f\u017eeme antifibrotickou l\u00e9\u010dbu nasadit,\u201c<\/em> popisuje stav doc.\u00a0MUDr. Martina \u0160terclov\u00e1, p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b Sekce pro interstici\u00e1ln\u00ed plicn\u00ed procesy \u010cesk\u00e9 pneumologick\u00e9 a ftizeologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti \u010cLS JEP. P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 nad\u011bjn\u011b vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed odborn\u00e9 studie na nov\u00e9 l\u00e9ky, ty ale teprve \u010dekaj\u00ed na schv\u00e1len\u00ed jak v\u00a0USA, tak v\u00a0Evrop\u011b. \u201eTakov\u00fd proces trv\u00e1 obvykle i n\u011bkolik let,\u201c<\/em> dopl\u0148uje doc.\u00a0\u0160terclov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n U\u017e na po\u010d\u00e1tku lze nemoc poznat poslechem plic fonendoskopem. \u201eOz\u00fdv\u00e1 se zvuk p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed k\u0159up\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i ch\u016fzi po zmrzl\u00e9m sn\u011bhu nebo rozepnut\u00ed such\u00e9ho zipu. Dal\u0161\u00edm typick\u00fdm znakem nemoci jsou pali\u010dkovit\u00e9 prsty s vyklenut\u00fdmi nehty ve tvaru hodinov\u00fdch skl\u00ed\u010dek a p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed ka\u0161el. Plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3zu tak lze zachytit u\u017e v ordinaci praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e,\u201c <\/em>vysv\u011btluje doc. \u0160terclov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Aby lid\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bli, kam se obr\u00e1tit a jak pot\u00ed\u017ee vypadaj\u00ed, pracuje nyn\u00ed organizace Hlas onkologick\u00fdch pacient\u016f (HOP) spole\u010dn\u011b s pneumology na zmapov\u00e1n\u00ed cesty pacient\u016f s plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3zou. \u201e<\/em>Cesta pacienta ilustruje, jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edznaky a symptomy plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3zy a na koho se m\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b podez\u0159en\u00ed obr\u00e1tit. Jednodu\u0161e mapuje v\u0161echny kroky pacienta, tak aby se dostal co nejd\u0159\u00edve k \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010db\u011b,\u201c <\/em>popisuje Petra Ad\u00e1mkov\u00e1, p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b V\u00fdboru HOP.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3zy se vyskytuj\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b u b\u00fdval\u00fdch a sou\u010dasn\u00fdch ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f. Antifibrotickou l\u00e9\u010dbu, hrazenou zdravotn\u00edmi poji\u0161\u0165ovnami, l\u00e9ka\u0159i nasazuj\u00ed v celkem 16 centrech pro diagnostiku a l\u00e9\u010dbu interstici\u00e1ln\u00edch plicn\u00edch proces\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n O plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3ze<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3za (PF) je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zjizven\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u011b zdrav\u00e9 plicn\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b a k jej\u00edmu ztlu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a ztuhnut\u00ed. Pacient tak ztr\u00e1c\u00ed plochu k d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed a postupn\u011b se u n\u011bj sni\u017euje schopnost nadechnout se. Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed projevy PF pat\u0159\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 du\u0161nost, a to u\u017e p\u0159i vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edrn\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 aktivity, chronick\u00fd ka\u0161el, pali\u010dkovit\u00e9 prsty (roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 a zakulacen\u00e9 kone\u010dk\u016f prst\u016f na rukou nebo nohou), \u00fanava a postupn\u00e9 ne\u00famysln\u00e9 ub\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed na v\u00e1ze. Postup nemoci m\u016f\u017ee zpomalit l\u00e9\u010dba, kter\u00e1 je v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice hrazena zdravotn\u00edmi poji\u0161\u0165ovnami. Je v\u0161ak pot\u0159eba, aby se k n\u00ed pacient dostal v\u010das. PF m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pr\u016fvodn\u00edm jevem v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 plicn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se ozna\u010duj\u00ed souhrnn\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem interstici\u00e1ln\u00ed plicn\u00ed procesy. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b jimi na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b trp\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3 miliony lid\u00ed. V\u00edce o plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3ze najdete na www.zivotsplicnifibrozou.cz<\/a> a v tomto videu<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Nejsou vid\u011bt, ale mohou b\u00fdt smrteln\u00e9 Praha, 27. srpna 2025 \u2013 Kdy\u017e se \u010dlov\u011bk \u0159\u00edzne, r\u00e1na se obvykle zacel\u00ed a na m\u00edst\u011b z\u016fstane jizva. 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