Na nemoc u\u017e dnes v\u011bt\u0161inou neum\u00edraj\u00ed
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po\u010det lid\u00ed \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch s HIV v \u010cesku letos poprv\u00e9 p\u0159ekro\u010dil hranici p\u011bti tis\u00edc.
Pacienti v\u0161ak maj\u00ed mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed vyhl\u00eddky na kvalitn\u00ed \u017eivot ne\u017e kdy d\u0159\u00edv. Za pomoci
modern\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f \u2013 pokud se nemoc odhal\u00ed v\u010das \u2013 mohou v\u00e9st \u017eivot bez v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch omezen\u00ed,
do\u017e\u00edt se vysok\u00e9ho v\u011bku a m\u00edt i d\u011bti. V posledn\u00edch letech stoup\u00e1 pod\u00edl HIV pozitivn\u00edch
heterosexu\u00e1l\u016f a tvo\u0159\u00ed dnes t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovinu nov\u011b naka\u017een\u00fdch. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 je nechat se v\u010das
otestovat, zah\u00e1jit l\u00e9\u010dbu, a t\u00edm z\u00e1rove\u0148 zastavit \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed viru. Pacienti p\u0159esto st\u00e1le \u010del\u00ed
stigmatizaci a nepochopen\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
O v\u00fdvoji, novink\u00e1ch v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b i prevenci HIV budou odborn\u00edci diskutovat na leto\u0161n\u00edm Kongresu klinick\u00e9 mikrobiologie, infek\u010dn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed a epidemiologie, kter\u00fd za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 ve \u010dtvrtek 18. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V \u010cesku ka\u017ed\u00fd rok odhal\u00ed testy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 250 lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed HIV. Medic\u00ednsk\u00e9 pokroky jsou v\u0161ak
tak velk\u00e9, \u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed lidem s HIV pro\u017e\u00edt kvalitn\u00ed \u017eivot, kter\u00fd se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 neli\u0161\u00ed od ostatn\u00edch.
\u201eD\u00edky modern\u00ed l\u00e9\u010db\u011b maj\u00ed pacienti velmi dobrou progn\u00f3zu pro \u017eivot, HIV se st\u00e1v\u00e1 v podstat\u011b
chronickou infekc\u00ed a pacient n\u00e1m obvykle zem\u0159e v osmdes\u00e1ti letech na civiliza\u010dn\u00ed chorobu,
kter\u00e1 s HIV v\u016fbec nesouvis\u00ed,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Pavel Dlouh\u00fd, p\u0159edseda Spole\u010dnosti infek\u010dn\u00edho
l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed \u010cLS JEP a prim\u00e1\u0159 Infek\u010dn\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed Masarykovy nemocnice v \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jestli\u017ee ale l\u00e9ka\u0159i odhal\u00ed HIV infekci pozd\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed imunity a\u017e do
nejpokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako AIDS. \u201ePacienti pak \u010del\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b infek\u010dn\u00edch
i n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch komplikac\u00ed a \u010dasto na nemoc um\u00edraj\u00ed. Naopak pokud se za\u010dnou l\u00e9\u010dit v\u010das,
pravideln\u011b a dlouhodob\u011b, tak nemaj\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee a vedou norm\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017eivot. Krom\u011b polknut\u00ed
jedn\u00e9 tablety denn\u011b je nemoc v \u017eivot\u011b nijak neomezuje,\u201c popisuje doc. MUDr. Svatava
Snopkov\u00e1, Ph.D., vedouc\u00ed HIV centra Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice v Brn\u011b. Lid\u00e9 s HIV, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed dob\u0159e
nastavenou l\u00e9\u010dbou, mohou m\u00edt dokonce nechr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd sex a p\u0159irozen\u011b po\u010d\u00edt a porodit d\u00edt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f je \u010dasn\u00fd z\u00e1chyt naka\u017een\u00fdch zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, proto\u017ee l\u00e9\u010dba chr\u00e1n\u00ed nejen
nemocn\u00e9ho, ale celou spole\u010dnost. Pacient s HIV infekc\u00ed a dob\u0159e nastavenou terapi\u00ed nen\u00ed pro
sv\u00e9 okol\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd \u2013 virus se v jeho krvi p\u0159estane mno\u017eit, a pokud dos\u00e1hne nulov\u00e9
hodnoty, tak u\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee nakazit nikoho dal\u0161\u00edho. P\u0159esto lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed s HIV, st\u00e1le \u010del\u00ed
p\u0159edsudk\u016fm jak ze strany ve\u0159ejnosti, tak i n\u011bkter\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edk\u016f. \u201eRiziko p\u0159itom p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed
lid\u00e9, o kter\u00fdch zat\u00edm nev\u00edme, jsou bez l\u00e9\u010dby a maj\u00ed miliony vir\u016f v ka\u017ed\u00e9m mililitru krve,\u201c
upozor\u0148uje prim. Dlouh\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee by mohli b\u00fdt HIV pozitivn\u00ed, se mohou nechat otestovat. \u010cesk\u00e1
spole\u010dnost AIDS nab\u00edz\u00ed bezplatn\u00e9 a anonymn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch checkpointech a v mobiln\u00edch
sanitk\u00e1ch, se kter\u00fdmi jezd\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad na festivaly. Lid\u00e9 p\u0159edem pouze vypln\u00ed anonymn\u00ed
dotazn\u00edk a na z\u00e1klad\u011b k\u00f3du, kter\u00fd po jeho vypln\u011bn\u00ed obdr\u017e\u00ed, se mohou p\u0159ij\u00edt otestovat. \u201eP\u0159ed
deseti lety byla nejpo\u010detn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skupina naka\u017een\u00fdch mezi MSM (mu\u017ei maj\u00edc\u00ed sex s mu\u017ei). Tato
skupina je u\u017e ale pom\u011brn\u011b dob\u0159e informovan\u00e1 a soust\u0159ed\u00ed se hlavn\u011b ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch m\u011bstech. Nyn\u00ed
chceme pos\u00edlit testov\u00e1n\u00ed po cel\u00e9 republice a v\u00edce c\u00edlit na cizince a rezidenty mimo velk\u00e1 m\u011bsta.
Nav\u00e1zali jsme spolupr\u00e1ci s neziskov\u00fdmi organizacemi i se st\u00e1tn\u00edmi institucemi a spole\u010dn\u011b
\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edme osv\u011btu,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Ing. Stanislav Pek\u00e1rek, \u0159editel \u010cesk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti AIDS pomoc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K infekci doch\u00e1z\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji p\u0159i pohlavn\u00edm styku, sd\u00edlen\u00edm jehel p\u0159i u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed drog nebo p\u0159i
p\u0159enosu z matky na d\u00edt\u011b. V \u010cesku je v\u011bt\u0161ina p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f p\u0159enosu sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed. D\u0159\u00edve dominovala gay
komunita, dnes je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina naka\u017een\u00fdch mezi heterosexu\u00e1ly. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed ochranou
je bezpe\u010dn\u00fd sex \u2013 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed kondomu a omezen\u00ed po\u010dtu sexu\u00e1ln\u00edch partner\u016f. Ing. Pek\u00e1rek
z\u00e1rove\u0148 upozor\u0148uje na trend tzv. chemsexu, jeho\u017e obliba se k n\u00e1m dost\u00e1v\u00e1 ze z\u00e1padn\u00edch
zem\u00ed. \u201eLid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i sexu u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed drogy za \u00fa\u010delem zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pro\u017eitku, jsou vystaveni a\u017e t\u0159ikr\u00e1t
vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu riziku n\u00e1kazy HIV nebo jin\u00e9 pohlavn\u011b p\u0159enosn\u00e9 infekce.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
HIV negativn\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou vystaveni vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu riziku n\u00e1kazy, se mohou chr\u00e1nit tak\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm
preexpozi\u010dn\u00ed profylaxe neboli PrEPu. Jde o l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 zabr\u00e1n\u00ed usazen\u00ed viru v t\u011ble. U\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se
nej\u010dast\u011bji denn\u011b a lze je na l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd p\u0159edpis z\u00edskat ve specializovan\u00fdch centrech, tzv. PrEP
Pointech. \u201eNovinkou je PrEP ve form\u011b injekce, kterou doty\u010dn\u00fd dostane jednou za dva a\u017e \u0161est
m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Do budoucna je to siln\u00e1 zbra\u0148, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee pomoci vym\u00fdtit epidemii HIV. P\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou
m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dostupnost preventivn\u00edch injekc\u00ed a jejich vysok\u00e1 cena,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 prim. Dlouh\u00fd.
Budoucnost n\u00e1kazy HIV v \u010cesku podle odborn\u00edk\u016f nejv\u00edce ovlivn\u00ed v\u010dasn\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed a modern\u00ed
l\u00e9\u010dba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Na nemoc u\u017e dnes v\u011bt\u0161inou neum\u00edraj\u00ed Po\u010det lid\u00ed \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch s HIV v \u010cesku letos poprv\u00e9 p\u0159ekro\u010dil hranici p\u011bti tis\u00edc.Pacienti v\u0161ak maj\u00ed mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed vyhl\u00eddky na […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21346,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60711","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60711","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=60711"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60711\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=60711"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=60711"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=60711"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}