Runa Ansuz
v\u00fdzkum
NSR<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159em\u00fd\u0161leli jste n\u011bkdy o p\u016fvodu modr\u00fdch o\u010d\u00ed? Nebyly v\u017edycky. V\u011bdci dokonce zjistili, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd \u2013 nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd \u2013 kdo m\u00e1 dnes o\u010di t\u00e9to barvy, sd\u00edl\u00ed spole\u010dnou genetickou mutaci, kter\u00e1 vznikla p\u0159ed tis\u00edci lety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u0161echno to za\u010dalo n\u011bkde v Evrop\u011b, nejm\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159ed 6 000\u20137 000 lety, mo\u017en\u00e1 i d\u0159\u00edve. Drobn\u00e1 zm\u011bna v na\u0161\u00ed DNA \u2013 jednoduch\u00fd \u201ep\u0159ep\u00edna\u010d\u201c v genu HERC2 \u2013 sn\u00ed\u017eil aktivitu genu OCA2, kter\u00fd je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za produkci melaninu, pigmentu, kter\u00fd d\u00e1v\u00e1 barvu poko\u017ece, vlas\u016fm a o\u010d\u00edm. Norm\u00e1ln\u011b je tento pigment zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za hn\u011bd\u00e9 t\u00f3ny. Tento genetick\u00fd p\u0159ep\u00edna\u010d v\u0161ak ztlumil intenzitu, jako kdy\u017e ztlum\u00edme lampu \u2013 a v\u00fdsledkem byla modr\u00e1, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1s fascinuje dodnes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee tato zm\u011bna melanin neodstranila z cel\u00e9ho t\u011bla (pokud by se tak stalo, naz\u00fdvalo by se to albinismus), ale pouze ho omezila na oblast duhovky. Modr\u00e9 o\u010di se tak objevily jako jak\u00e1si \u201e\u0159ed\u011bn\u00e1 verze\u201c hn\u011bd\u00fdch o\u010d\u00ed. A na rozd\u00edl od lid\u00ed s hn\u011bd\u00fdma o\u010dima, kde se mno\u017estv\u00ed melaninu zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed, modr\u00e9 o\u010di vykazuj\u00ed ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed uniformitu \u2013 v podstat\u011b v\u0161echny poch\u00e1zej\u00ed ze stejn\u00e9ho genetick\u00e9ho zdroje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee se nejednalo o \u201eprosp\u011b\u0161nou\u201c mutaci pro p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Neud\u011blala n\u00e1s to rychlej\u0161\u00edmi ani odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi v\u016f\u010di nemocem. Prost\u011b se to stalo \u2013 a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo se to. Jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Hans Eiberg, v\u011bdec, kter\u00fd tyto studie na Koda\u0148sk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b vedl: Je to p\u0159\u00edklad toho, jak p\u0159\u00edroda neust\u00e1le \u201ep\u0159em\u00edch\u00e1v\u00e1 karty\u201c ve velk\u00e9 h\u0159e DNA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Quora<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Runa Ansuzv\u00fdzkumNSR P\u0159em\u00fd\u0161leli jste n\u011bkdy o p\u016fvodu modr\u00fdch o\u010d\u00ed? Nebyly v\u017edycky. V\u011bdci dokonce zjistili, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd \u2013 nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd \u2013 kdo m\u00e1 dnes […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14064,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spolecnost"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=61218"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61218\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=61218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=61218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=61218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}