{"id":61792,"date":"2025-11-11T20:26:05","date_gmt":"2025-11-11T19:26:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=61792"},"modified":"2025-11-11T20:27:10","modified_gmt":"2025-11-11T19:27:10","slug":"cesko-zasahla-nejvetsi-epidemie-zloutenky-a-od-roku-1979","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=61792","title":{"rendered":"\u010cesko zas\u00e1hla nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed epidemie \u017eloutenky A od roku 1979"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Praktici rad\u00ed: myjte a dezinfikujte si ruce, o\u010dkujte se<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed epidemii hepatitidy A za posledn\u00edch 46 let. Podle \u00fadaj\u016f St\u00e1tn\u00edho zdravotn\u00edho \u00fastavu bylo do za\u010d\u00e1tku \u0159\u00edjna hl\u00e1\u0161eno 1\u00a0842\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f a 21 \u00famrt\u00ed. Nejv\u00edce naka\u017een\u00fdch je v Praze (737 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f), d\u00e1le ve St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9m (302) a Moravskoslezsk\u00e9m kraji (150). Nemoc se u\u017e d\u00e1vno ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed jen mezi u\u017eivateli drog nebo lidmi bez domova, ale i mezi b\u011b\u017enou populac\u00ed. Odborn\u00edci vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost k d\u016fsledn\u00e9 hygien\u011b a o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je podle nich jedinou spolehlivou ochranou. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O mo\u017enostech prevence a l\u00e9\u010dby hepatitidy A budou l\u00e9ka\u0159i diskutovat na XLIV. v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed konferenci Spole\u010dnosti v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed, kter\u00e1 startuje 12. listopadu ve Zl\u00edn\u011b.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eZa posledn\u00edch 46 let \u010del\u00edme nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed epidemii \u017eloutenky typu A. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vlnu n\u00e1kaz jsme zaznamenali u\u017e loni na Ostravsku, tehdy zem\u0159eli dva lid\u00e9. Letos je to ale u\u017e 2 141 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a 26 \u00famrt\u00ed, nejmlad\u0161\u00ed pacient m\u011bl 35 let,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Igor Karen, m\u00edstop\u0159edseda pro profesn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti Spole\u010dnosti v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle SZ\u00da je Praha dlouhodob\u011b nejv\u00edce zasa\u017een\u00fdm regionem \u2013 v\u00fdskyt zde p\u0159evy\u0161uje pr\u016fm\u011br cel\u00e9 zem\u011b n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u011b. Infekce postihuje d\u011bti, mlad\u00e9 dosp\u011bl\u00e9 i seniory. \u201eV populaci je velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se s virem nikdy nesetkali a nemaj\u00ed protil\u00e1tky. Virus se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed fek\u00e1ln\u011b-or\u00e1ln\u00ed cestou, tedy kontaktem p\u0159es kontaminovan\u00e9 ruce, kliky, madla v MHD nebo voz\u00edk\u016f v\u00a0supermarketech. Hepatitida A proto nen\u00ed jen nemoc\u00ed lid\u00ed na ulici, ale m\u016f\u017ee se objevit prakticky u kohokoli,\u201c<\/em> dopl\u0148uje doc.\u00a0MUDr. Svatopluk B\u00fdma, p\u0159edseda Spole\u010dnosti v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odborn\u00edci doporu\u010duj\u00ed o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161em, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed nebo pracuj\u00ed v Praze a dal\u0161\u00edch regionech s\u00a0v\u00fdskytem epidemie, d\u00e1le lidem cestuj\u00edc\u00edm do zem\u00ed s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm rizikem n\u00e1kazy (nap\u0159. Asie, Afrika, Ji\u017en\u00ed Amerika), zdravotn\u00edk\u016fm, u\u010ditel\u016fm, pracovn\u00edk\u016fm v gastronomii, soci\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch a osob\u00e1m s chronick\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm jater, diabetik\u016fm \u010di ob\u00e9zn\u00edm pacient\u016fm. \u201e\u010ctvrtina letos naka\u017een\u00fdch jsou d\u011bti \u2013 ty m\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh. U star\u0161\u00edch pacient\u016f, zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pokud maj\u00ed obezitu nebo nemocn\u00e1 j\u00e1tra, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt hepatitida A smrteln\u00e1,\u201c<\/em> upozor\u0148uje MUDr. Karen. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze dvou d\u00e1vek \u2013 prvn\u00ed, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed, a druh\u00e9, posilovac\u00ed. V\u00a0klinick\u00fdch studi\u00edch se do 30 dn\u00ed po pod\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed d\u00e1vky vytvo\u0159ily protil\u00e1tky u 99 % o\u010dkovan\u00fdch. Druh\u00e1 d\u00e1vka by m\u011bla b\u00fdt pod\u00e1na za 6\u201312 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f po prvn\u00edm \u010dili z\u00e1kladn\u00edm o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale lze ji podat a\u017e do 5 let po n\u011bm. Zaji\u0161\u0165uje ochranu minim\u00e1ln\u011b 20 let, \u010dasto celo\u017eivotn\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201ePom\u00e1h\u00e1 jedin\u011b o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 probl\u00e9m je, \u017ee vakc\u00edny \u010dasto chyb\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed distributo\u0159i je zav\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed jen jednou t\u00fddn\u011b, a to v epidemii nesta\u010d\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed se experti p\u0159ou, jestli se m\u00e1, nebo nem\u00e1 vakc\u00edna hradit z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, sp\u00ed\u0161e by se ale m\u011blo pracovat na tom, aby tady vakc\u00edny v\u016fbec byly. S\u00e1m m\u00e1m v\u00a0po\u0159adn\u00edku lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010dekaj\u00ed na dal\u0161\u00ed d\u00e1vku,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Karen. Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f by m\u011bl st\u00e1t zajistit plynul\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky vakc\u00edn i lep\u0161\u00ed informovanost ve\u0159ejnosti. \u201eNa\u0161\u00ed prioritou by nyn\u00ed m\u011blo b\u00fdt, aby se k vakc\u00edn\u011b dostal ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo o ni m\u00e1 z\u00e1jem. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situaci je to ot\u00e1zka nejen zdrav\u00ed, ale i solidarity,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 doc.\u00a0B\u00fdma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti hepatitid\u011b A nen\u00ed pln\u011b hrazeno z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, ale poji\u0161\u0165ovny na n\u011bj p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed v r\u00e1mci preventivn\u00edch program\u016f. Cena jedn\u00e9 d\u00e1vky se pohybuje kolem 1 200 a\u017e 1 700 korun podle typu vakc\u00edny, p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek m\u016f\u017ee \u010dinit 500 a\u017e 1 000 korun podle konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z leto\u0161n\u00edch 21 \u00famrt\u00ed byla v\u011bt\u0161ina zaznamen\u00e1na v Praze a St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9m kraji. Um\u00edrali p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b mu\u017ei ve v\u011bku 40 a\u017e 70 let, \u010dasto bez domova nebo s chronick\u00fdm po\u0161kozen\u00edm jater, diabetem, obezitou \u010di alkoholismem. \u201eNemoc m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt smrteln\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na pro lidi s oslaben\u00fdmi j\u00e1try, pro alkoholiky a chronicky nemocn\u00e9. Ale i zdrav\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh,\u201c<\/em> varuje doc. B\u00fdma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 \u00fanavou, zv\u00fd\u0161enou teplotou, nechutenstv\u00edm, bolest\u00ed b\u0159icha a nevolnost\u00ed. Typick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edznakem je ze\u017eloutnut\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee a o\u010dn\u00edho b\u011blma. P\u0159i podez\u0159en\u00ed na infekci by se lid\u00e9 m\u011bli okam\u017eit\u011b obr\u00e1tit na praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e, kter\u00fd zajist\u00ed laboratorn\u00ed test a dal\u0161\u00ed kroky. \u201eRespir\u00e1tor proti hepatitid\u011b A nepom\u016f\u017ee, ale i mal\u00e1 dezinfekce na ruce ano \u2013 stejn\u011b jako se pou\u017e\u00edvala za covidu. M\u00fdt si ruce a nechat se o\u010dkovat, to jsou dva nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak se chr\u00e1nit,\u201c<\/em> uzav\u00edr\u00e1 MUDr. Karen.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Praktici rad\u00ed: myjte a dezinfikujte si ruce, o\u010dkujte se \u010cesk\u00e1 republika za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed epidemii hepatitidy A za posledn\u00edch 46 let. Podle \u00fadaj\u016f St\u00e1tn\u00edho zdravotn\u00edho \u00fastavu […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":61795,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61792","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61792","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=61792"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61792\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/61795"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=61792"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=61792"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=61792"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}