Nal\u00e9zt spr\u00e1vnou kombinaci b\u00edlkovin, kter\u00e1 stoj\u00ed za neurodegenerativn\u00edmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, je jeden z krok\u016f. Stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je ale tuto hypot\u00e9zu otestovat v\u011bdci z Masarykovy univerzity dok\u00e1\u017eou z kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk vyp\u011bstovat mal\u00e9 minimozky, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed simulovat lidsk\u00fd mozek posti\u017een\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u0159eba Alzheimerovou chorobou. Na t\u011bchto modelech pak mohou zkoumat v\u00fdvoj nemoci nebo testovat l\u00e9\u010diva. A v\u00edce si te\u010f pov\u00edme s v\u011bdkyn\u00ed z \u00dastavu histologie a embryologie, L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty Masarykovy univerzity, pan\u00ed D\u00e1\u0161ou Boha\u010diakovou, dobr\u00fd den, p\u0159eji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pan\u00ed Boha\u010diakov\u00e1, jak v\u016fbec tyto kultury, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed lidsk\u00fd mozek… Zm\u00ednila jsem jak\u00e9si minimozky, jak je p\u011bstujete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mluv\u010d\u00ed 7,<\/strong> Tak\u017ee moje laboratorium se zaob\u00edr\u00e1 u\u017e dlouh\u00e9 roky v\u00fdzkumem pr\u00e1v\u011b kme\u0148ov\u00fdch bun\u011bk, co\u017e jsou mal\u00e9 nespecializovan\u00e9 bunky, kter\u00e9 v\u011bd\u00ed b\u00fdt jakoukoliv bunkou lidsk\u00e9ho t\u011bla, n\u00e1m jich vlastn\u011b v Petriho misk\u00e1ch n\u011bjak\u00fdmi jednoduch\u00fdmi metodami bunkov\u00e9 biologie vieme vlastn\u011b p\u0159im\u011b\u0165 k tomu, aby se za\u010daly samo organizovat, za\u010dali vytv\u00e1\u0159et nejprve jak\u00e9si progenitory, n\u011bjak\u00e9 prekurzory neuronu a n\u00e1sledn\u011b vlastn\u011b vytvo\u0159ily takovou miniaturku lidsk\u00e9ho mozgu a je to vlastn\u011b napodobov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdvoje lidsk\u00e9ho mozgu v t\u00e9 Petriho miske.<\/p>\n\n\n\n mluv\u010d\u00ed 3,<\/strong> No, ale tyto laboratorn\u00ed minimoze\u010dky se asi budou li\u0161it od skute\u010dn\u00e9ho lidsk\u00e9ho mozku, jak tyto rozd\u00edly ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdzkum? V \u010dem jsou ty hlavn\u00ed rozd\u00edly? <\/p>\n\n\n\n mluv\u010d\u00ed 7,<\/strong> M\u00e1te pravdu Ony napodob\u0148uj\u00ed lidsk\u00fd mozg v mnohom, v skuto\u010dnosti maj\u00fa podobn\u00e9 bunkov\u00e9 typy, ako s\u00fa v \u013eudskom mozgu, s\u00fa dokonca spr\u00e1vne usporiadan\u00e9, to je tak\u00e1 zauj\u00edmavos\u0165 t\u00fdchto mozgov\u00fdch organoidov. Av\u0161ak s\u00fa v mnohom je\u0161t\u011b jakoby na za\u010d\u00e1tku toho sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje v uvozovk\u00e1ch, tak\u017ee nemaj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b \u00fapln\u011b to spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 bunkov\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed, jako bysme pot\u0159ebovali, tak\u017ee st\u00e1le se vlastn\u011b pracuje a i my pracujeme na vylep\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bchto model\u016f. Aby v\u00edc a v\u00edc p\u0159ipom\u00ednaly mozek pacient\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n mluv\u010d\u00ed 3,<\/strong> No, \u010dili to n\u011bjak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem ovliv\u0148uje ten v\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdzkum a co tedy m\u016f\u017eete a co t\u0159eba naopak nem\u016f\u017eete pomoc\u00ed t\u011bchto minimoze\u010dk\u016f v laborato\u0159i pozorovat? <\/p>\n\n\n\n mluv\u010d\u00ed 7,<\/strong> To je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b velmi komplexn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka. Ur\u010dit\u011b n\u011bjak\u00fd vliv ten n\u00e1\u0161 model je zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd, to v\u0161echny modely jsou, av\u0161ak my stav\u011bme na tom, \u017ee ty kme\u0148ov\u00e9 bunky, z kter\u00fdch tyto minimozo\u010dky vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edme, jsou lidsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu, to znamen\u00e1, opakujou tu lidskou biologii, ty bunky, neurony a podp\u016frn\u00e9 bunky neuronov v t\u011bchto minimao\u010dkoch jsou lidsk\u00e9 s lidskou biologiou lidsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu. Na rozd\u00edl od my\u0161\u00edch model\u016f, kter\u00e9 se b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed na \u0161t\u00fadium Alzheimerovy choroby. Tak\u017ee sk\u00f4r bych \u0159ekla, je to prost\u011b skv\u011bl\u00fd. Podle m\u011b prvn\u00ed krok na to otestovat n\u011bjak\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, n\u011bjak\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010div\u00e1, n\u011bco, co m\u016f\u017ee potenci\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159edch\u00e1zet vzniku Alzheimerovy chorob\u011b. Otestujeme to na na\u0161ich in vitro modelech v Petriho misk\u00e1ch. Nepou\u017e\u00edvejme zvierata na zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed na zvierat\u00e1ch. P\u0159\u00edstupme a\u017e v dal\u0161\u00edm kroku, kdy to bude fungovat na lidsk\u00fdch bunk\u00e1ch. <\/p>\n\n\n\n mluv\u010d\u00ed 3,<\/strong> Rozum\u00edm. Tak\u017ee jak\u00e9 patologick\u00e9 znaky Alzheimerovy choroby nebo jin\u00fdch neurodegenerativn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed u\u017e m\u016f\u017eete na t\u011bchto minimoze\u010dc\u00edch nasimulovat a pozorovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n mluv\u010d\u00ed 7,<\/strong> Toto je vlastn\u011b na nich vlastn\u011b jeden z t\u011bch jist\u00fdch kr\u00e1s toho syst\u00e9mu je, \u017ee ty kmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky my m\u016f\u017eeme z\u00edskat i z pacient\u016f s Alzheimerovou chorobou, tak\u017ee ta choroba se n\u00e1m do ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edry v mozu\u010dku zopakuje, a to t\u00edm, \u017ee u pacient\u016f s Alzheimerovou chorobou se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed jak\u00e9si shluky protein\u016f. Hovo\u0159\u00ed se jim amyloidy a my tyto amyloidy v nich vieme detekova\u0165. Vid\u00edme, \u017ee sa vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa viac s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou hustotou, s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou ve\u013ekost\u00ed, v porovnan\u00ed s kontroln\u00edmi minimoz\u010dkami. Ale mysl\u00edm, \u017ee ta p\u0159idan\u00e1 hodnota je to, \u017ee vid\u00edme nebo vieme se pozrie\u0165 na to, jak doch\u00e1dza ku vzniku t\u011bch shluk\u016f proteinu, proto\u017ee u pacient\u016f vlastn\u011b \u010dlov\u011bk vid\u00ed a\u017e tu pokro\u010dilou f\u00e1zi toho, ale my sa chceme pozrie\u0165 na to, ako vlastne tomu predch\u00e1dza\u0165. A to pr\u00e1ve tie bunkov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n mluv\u010d\u00ed 3,<\/strong> A pros\u00edm v\u00e1s, posledn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, jak tyhle va\u0161e modely, tyto minimoze\u010dky pom\u00e1haj\u00ed p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch postup\u016f? P\u0159i t\u0159eba u\u017e i konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch l\u00e9c\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n mluv\u010d\u00ed 7,<\/strong> Je to pr\u00e1v\u011b tak, \u017ee my jsme v t\u011bch laboratorn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch schopn\u00fd ty na\u0161e minimozo\u010dky inkubova\u0165 dlhodobo s nejak\u00fdm lie\u010divom a potom ve\u013emi jednoducho vyhodnoti\u0165 \u010di t\u00e1 patol\u00f3gia spojen\u00e1 s Alzheimerovou chorobou sa stratila, zredukovala. Co se zm\u011bnilo a co jsme zlep\u0161ili \u010di naopak zhor\u0161ily?<\/p>\n\n\n\n mluv\u010d\u00ed 3,<\/strong> Tak tolik Dr. D\u00e1\u0161a Bohat\u010diakov\u00e1 z \u00dastavu histologie a embryologie L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty Masarykovy univerzity, d\u011bkujeme za rozhovor a a\u0165 to jde d\u00e1le, co nejl\u00e9pe. Na sly\u0161enou. <\/p>\n\n\n\n v\u011bda plus rozhlas cz, v aplikaci mujRozhlas<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Nal\u00e9zt spr\u00e1vnou kombinaci b\u00edlkovin, kter\u00e1 stoj\u00ed za neurodegenerativn\u00edmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, je jeden z krok\u016f. Stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je ale tuto hypot\u00e9zu otestovat v\u011bdci z Masarykovy univerzity dok\u00e1\u017eou […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27888,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=62086"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62086\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/27888"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=62086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=62086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=62086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}