{"id":62623,"date":"2026-01-14T15:19:19","date_gmt":"2026-01-14T14:19:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=62623"},"modified":"2026-01-14T15:19:31","modified_gmt":"2026-01-14T14:19:31","slug":"jen-6-pacientu-s-rakovinou-slinivky-prezije-5-let","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=62623","title":{"rendered":"Jen 6 % pacient\u016f s\u00a0rakovinou slinivky p\u0159e\u017eije 5 let"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L\u00e9ka\u0159i proto hledaj\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00e9 skupiny<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejagresivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1dory a ro\u010dn\u011b na ni zem\u0159e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 2\u00a0200 \u010cech\u016f. \u0158e\u010d je o rakovin\u011b slinivky. Po\u010det pacient\u016f ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b stoup\u00e1, a pokud se na nemoc p\u0159ijde pozd\u011b, je pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 doba do\u017eit\u00ed pouze rok a p\u016fl. Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f tak do roku 2030 bude rakovina slinivky druhou nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou smrti mezi n\u00e1dorov\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi \u2013 hned po karcinomu plic. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e9ka\u0159i se sna\u017e\u00ed nemoc odhalit v\u010das pomoc\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edho programu, kter\u00fd c\u00edl\u00ed na rizikov\u00e9 pacienty. Zat\u00edm jich vy\u0161et\u0159ili 300, odhalili t\u0159i n\u00e1dory a n\u011bkolik p\u0159edn\u00e1dorov\u00fdch zm\u011bn. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eBohu\u017eel pat\u0159\u00edme k\u00a0zem\u00edm s\u00a0nejrychlej\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1r\u016fstem po\u010dtu nemocn\u00fdch. \u0160ance, \u017ee pacient bude s\u00a0diagn\u00f3zou \u017e\u00edt d\u00e9le ne\u017e p\u011bt let, je u n\u00e1s ale ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00a0jin\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Zat\u00edmco v\u00a0USA se bav\u00edme o 12 %, v\u00a0\u010cesku se pohybujeme na hranici 6 %. Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eou nemoc odhalit d\u0159\u00edve, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed modern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formy chemoterapie a soust\u0159e\u010fuj\u00ed operace do specializovan\u00fdch center. Mnoho z t\u011bchto postup\u016f zav\u00e1d\u00edme i u n\u00e1s, proto v\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee se zlep\u0161en\u00ed brzy projev\u00ed. <\/em>Jedinou nad\u011bj\u00ed, jak pacientovi prodlou\u017eit \u017eivot a\u017e o n\u011bkolik let, je ale v\u010dasn\u00e9 odstran\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1doru. Onkologick\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba bohu\u017eel neprodlu\u017euje do\u017eit\u00ed tak, jak jsme zvykl\u00ed u jin\u00fdch n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. MUDr. Ond\u0159ej Urban, p\u0159ednosta II. intern\u00ed kliniky \u2013 gastroenterologick\u00e9 a geriatrick\u00e9 Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice Olomouc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rakovina slinivky prob\u00edh\u00e1 zpo\u010d\u00e1tku t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bez p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, i proto se na ni p\u0159ijde obvykle a\u017e v pozdn\u00edm stadiu. Pacienti mohou c\u00edtit bolest v oblasti pupku, kter\u00e1 vyst\u0159eluje do zad, rychle hubnout a \u017eloutnout. Odborn\u00edci nyn\u00ed zkoumaj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 vod\u00edtko k odhalen\u00ed rakoviny slinivky, a to rozvoj cukrovky u star\u0161\u00edch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed nejsou ob\u00e9zn\u00ed a na stanovenou l\u00e9\u010dbu diabetu \u0161patn\u011b reaguj\u00ed. \u201eN\u00e1dor toti\u017e dlouho p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se n\u00e1m jej poda\u0159\u00ed odhalit, ovliv\u0148uje zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed gluk\u00f3zy v t\u011ble, \u010d\u00edm\u017e m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat diabetes,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje prof. Urban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u00e9 pacienty v\u00a0ran\u00e9m stadiu nemoci by m\u011bl tak\u00e9 pomoci odhalit program \u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu karcinomu pankreatu \u010cesk\u00e9 gastroenterologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (\u010cGS). Tento program je zam\u011b\u0159en na osoby, u nich\u017e je riziko vzniku n\u00e1doru vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 5 %, tedy na tzv. vysoce rizikov\u00e9 jedince. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed alespo\u0148 dva p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 s karcinomem pankreatu, z nich\u017e alespo\u0148 jeden je p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd prvn\u00edho stupn\u011b (rodi\u010d, sourozenec, d\u00edt\u011b). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed ohro\u017eenou skupinu tvo\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 s\u00a0d\u011bdi\u010dn\u011b podm\u00edn\u011bnou formou chronick\u00e9 pankreatitidy, tzv. heredit\u00e1rn\u00ed pankreatitidou, nebo nositel\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00fdch genetick\u00fdch mutac\u00ed. Zat\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159i vy\u0161et\u0159ili p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 300 takov\u00fdch jedinc\u016f. U t\u0159\u00ed z\u00a0nich odhalili n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a u t\u0159etiny abnorm\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1lez na slinivce, kter\u00fd nad\u00e1le sleduj\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n

. \u201eRizikov\u00e9 pacienty vy\u0161et\u0159ujeme v centrech vysoce specializovan\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de pro digestivn\u00ed endoskopie, kde jednou ro\u010dn\u011b podstupuj\u00ed magnetickou rezonanci a endoskopickou ultrasonografii. Velice si v\u00e1\u017e\u00edme \u00fazk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce s\u00a0kolegy \u2013 ambulantn\u00edmi gastroenterology, praktick\u00fdmi l\u00e9ka\u0159i, internisty a\u00a0onkology, kte\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1m s\u00a0vytipov\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto rizikov\u00fdch pacient\u016f pom\u00e1haj\u00ed. L\u00e9ka\u0159i mohou vyplnit dotazn\u00edk na webu \u010cGS<\/a>. My jej n\u00e1sledn\u011b vyhodnot\u00edme a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b jedince ode\u0161leme do jednoho z\u00a028 specializovan\u00fdch center k\u00a0podrobn\u00e9mu vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje doc. MUDr. Ilja Tachec\u00ed, p\u0159edseda \u010cGS a p\u0159ednosta II. intern\u00ed gastroenterologick\u00e9 kliniky LF UK a\u00a0FN\u00a0Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rakovina slinivky je \u010dasto spojov\u00e1na s nezdrav\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem. Za velmi rizikov\u00e9 faktory odborn\u00edci ozna\u010duj\u00ed kou\u0159en\u00ed, obezitu a \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l \u010dast\u011bji tak\u00e9 konzumaci tzv. vysoce pr\u016fmyslov\u011b zpracovan\u00fdch potravin. \u201eJi\u017e m\u00e1me data k tomu, \u017ee kou\u0159en\u00ed a obezita maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmou souvislost se vznikem rakoviny slinivky. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 20 a\u017e 30 % n\u00e1dor\u016f vznik\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b vlivem kou\u0159en\u00ed. Vliv ultrazpracovan\u00fdch potravin v\u011bdci st\u00e1le zkoumaj\u00ed. Mezi tento typ potravin typicky \u0159ad\u00edme ta j\u00eddla, kter\u00e1 maj\u00ed dlouhou dobu trvanlivosti, jsou uzav\u0159en\u00e1 v nepropustn\u00fdch plastov\u00fdch obalech a obsahuj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed konzervant\u016f,\u201c<\/em> upozor\u0148uje prof. Urban. Doporu\u010duje naopak konzumaci dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed ovoce a zeleniny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b prevence a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed rizikov\u00fdch pacient\u016f odborn\u00edci pracuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 na nov\u00fdch metod\u00e1ch, pomoc\u00ed kter\u00fdch by dok\u00e1zali rakovinu slinivky diagnostikovat v\u00a0po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm stadiu u co nejv\u00edce lid\u00ed. Do budoucna by k\u00a0tomu mohly slou\u017eit nap\u0159\u00edklad specializovan\u00e9 krevn\u00ed testy. V\u011bdci ale mus\u00ed nejprve ur\u010dit soubor molekul neboli biomarker\u016f, kter\u00e9 by v krvi prok\u00e1zaly p\u0159\u00edtomnost n\u00e1doru. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eNyn\u00ed testujeme vyn\u00e1lez \u010desk\u00e9ho v\u011bdce, kter\u00fd spolu se sv\u00fdm t\u00fdmem vyvinul test, d\u00edky kter\u00e9mu je mo\u017en\u00e9 odhalit v\u00a0ran\u00e9m stadiu r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1dory, a to v\u010detn\u011b rakoviny slinivky. Na v\u00fdsledky jeho \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti si ale budeme muset je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bjakou dobu po\u010dkat. Na podobn\u00e9m principu funguje tak\u00e9 krevn\u00ed test, kter\u00fd byl ned\u00e1vno schv\u00e1len v\u00a0USA. Uvid\u00edme, jak se osv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed a kdy bude p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b dostupn\u00fd i u n\u00e1s,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 prof. Urban.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00e9ka\u0159i proto hledaj\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00e9 skupiny Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejagresivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1dory a ro\u010dn\u011b na ni zem\u0159e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 2\u00a0200 \u010cech\u016f. \u0158e\u010d je o rakovin\u011b slinivky. Po\u010det pacient\u016f ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":46976,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62623","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62623","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=62623"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62623\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/46976"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=62623"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=62623"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=62623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}